Search results for " RATIO"

showing 10 items of 3859 documents

Prognostic Value and Kinetics of Soluble Neprilysin in Acute Heart Failure

2015

Abstract Objectives This study sought to examine the prognostic value of the soluble form of neprilysin (sNEP) in acute heart failure (AHF) and sNEP kinetics during hospital admission. Background sNEP was recently identified in chronic heart failure (HF) and was associated with cardiovascular outcomes. Methods A total of 350 patients (53% women, mean 72.6 ± 10.7 years of age) were included in the study. Primary endpoints were composites of cardiovascular death or HF hospitalizations at short-term (2 months) and long-term (mean: 1.8 ± 1.2 years) follow-up. sNEP was measured using an ad hoc–modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and its prognostic value was assessed using Cox regression …

medicine.medical_specialtyEjection fractionProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryHazard ratioProhormonemedicine.diseaseBrain natriuretic peptideGastroenterologyConfidence intervalHeart failureInternal medicinemedicineCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineIntensive care medicinebusinessNeprilysinmedicine.drugJACC: Heart Failure
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Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and reduced birth size: a prospective birth cohort study in Valencia, Spain

2010

Abstract Background Maternal exposure to air pollution has been related to fetal growth in a number of recent scientific studies. The objective of this study was to assess the association between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in a cohort in Valencia, Spain. Methods Seven hundred and eighty-five pregnant women and their singleton newborns participated in the study. Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was estimated by means of land use regression. NO2 spatial estimations were adjusted to correspond to relevant pregnancy periods (whole pregnancy and trimesters) for each woman. Outcome variables were birth weight, length, and head circumf…

medicine.medical_specialtyEmbarazoBirth weightHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisNitrogen Dioxidelcsh:RC963-969PregnancyEstudios prospectivosmedicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Air Pollutants [Medical Subject Headings]:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure::Maternal Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]Birth WeightBody SizeHumansContaminantes del aireProspective StudiesProspective cohort study:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]Vehicle Emissions:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]PregnancyAir PollutantsInhalation Exposurebusiness.industryObstetricslcsh:Public aspects of medicineResearchPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant Newbornlcsh:RA1-1270Odds ratioAnthropometrymedicine.disease:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Prospective Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Exposición maternaMaternal ExposureSpainCohortInfant Small for Gestational Agelcsh:Industrial medicine. Industrial hygieneSmall for gestational ageFemaleValenciabusinessCohort studyEnvironmental Monitoring
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Real‐world evidence of the effectiveness on glycaemic control of early simultaneous versus later sequential initiation of basal insulin and glucagon‐…

2020

Abstract Aim To assess the impact of the timing of initiating both basal insulin and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) on reaching glycaemic control targets over 6 and 12 months in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) uncontrolled on oral antihyperglycaemic drugs with an HbA1c of 9% or higher. Methods This retrospective cohort study assessed the impact of the timing of initiating both basal insulin and GLP‐1 RA therapies on reaching glycaemic targets (HbA1c < 7% and <8%, and ≥1% and ≥2% HbA1c reduction) over 12 months in people with markedly uncontrolled T2D (HbA1c ≥ 9%) on oral antihyperglycaemic drugs identified on the Optum Humedica database (electronic medical records; …

medicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismInsulins030209 endocrinology & metabolismGlycemic ControlType 2 diabetes030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyGLP‐1 analogueInternal medicinecohort studyInternal MedicineHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinMedicinebasal insulinRetrospective StudiesGlycated Hemoglobindatabase researchbusiness.industryMedical recordHazard ratioRetrospective cohort studyOriginal Articlesmedicine.diseaseGlucagon-like peptide-1Confidence intervalglycaemic controlDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Pharmaceutical PreparationsCohortOriginal Articletype 2 diabetesbusinessCohort studyDiabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
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Increased risk for cervical disease progression of French women infected with the human papillomavirus type 16 E6-350G variant.

2006

Abstract To test the significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and HPV16 E6 variants as risk factors for viral persistence and progression to high-grade lesion, we did a nested case-control study within a cohort study of &amp;gt;15,000 Caucasian French women. Three groups infected with high-risk HPV were compared: (a) women with cleared infection (controls, n = 201), (b) women with persistent infection (cases, n = 87), and (c) women who progressed into high-grade lesion (cases, n = 58). Women with persistent HPV infection and those that progressed into high-grade lesions were likelier to harbor HPV16 than other high-risk HPV types [odds ratio (OR), 2.4; 95% confidence interval (95%…

medicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologyUterine Cervical NeoplasmsCervical intraepithelial neoplasiaLesionCohort StudiesRisk FactorsInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineOdds RatioHumansRisk factorbusiness.industryPapillomavirus InfectionsHPV infectionvirus diseasesOdds ratioOncogene Proteins Viralmedicine.diseaseUterine Cervical DysplasiaRepressor ProteinsOncologyCase-Control StudiesImmunologyDisease ProgressionFemaleViral diseaseFrancemedicine.symptombusinessCohort studyCancer epidemiology, biomarkersprevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
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Are Multiple Domicile Changes a Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis?

1991

A retrospective case-control study was conducted to estimate the possible association between risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the number of changes in residence before the age 20 years. Forty-one patients and 82 controls were interviewed. Using the Mantel-Haenszel estimate of the odds ratio, no association was found between the number of moves and MS.

medicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologybusiness.industryMultiple sclerosiseducationCase-control studyOdds ratiomedicine.diseasehumanitiesInternal medicinePhysical therapyMedicineResidenceNeurology (clinical)Risk factorbusinessNeuroepidemiology
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Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Individual Patient Data Comparing Minimally Invasive With Open Oesophagectomy for Cancer

2021

Minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIO) for oesophageal cancer may reduce surgical complications compared with open oesophagectomy. MIO is, however, technically challenging and may impair optimal oncological resection. The aim of the present study was to assess if MIO for cancer is beneficial.A systematic literature search in MEDLINE, Web of Science and CENTRAL was performed and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing MIO with open oesophagectomy were included in a meta-analysis. Survival was analysed using individual patient data. Random-effects model was used for pooled estimates of perioperative effects.Among 3219 articles, six RCTs were identified including 822 patients. Three-yea…

medicine.medical_specialtyEsophageal Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatment610 Medicine & healthLower risklaw.inventionRandomized controlled triallawOpen ResectionMedicineHumansMinimally Invasive Surgical ProceduresRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic10217 Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgerybusiness.industryCancerOdds ratioPerioperativeLength of Staymedicine.diseaseSurgery2746 SurgeryEsophagectomyTreatment OutcomeEsophagectomyMeta-analysisSurgerybusiness
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Preoperative chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2004

Background: The benefit of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in oesophageal cancer has been extensively studied but data on survival are still equivocal. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in the reduction of mortality in patients with resectable oesophageal cancer. Methods: Computerised bibliographic searches of MEDLINE and CANCERLIT (1970–2002) were supplemented with hand searches of reference lists. Study selection: Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing preoperative chemoradiotherapy plus surgery with surgery alone, and if they included patients with resectable histologically proven oesophageal cancer wit…

medicine.medical_specialtyEsophageal Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatmentlaw.inventionPostoperative ComplicationsRandomized controlled triallawChemotherapyHumansMedicineEsophageal NeoplasmAdjuvantRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicIntention-to-treat analysisRadiotherapybusiness.industryMortality rateGastroenterologyCancerOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseChemotherapy Adjuvant; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Radiotherapy Adjuvant; Randomized Controlled Trials; Survival Analysis; Treatment OutcomeSurvival AnalysisSurgeryEsophagectomyRadiation therapyOesophagusTreatment OutcomeChemotherapy AdjuvantEsophagectomyRandomized Controlled TrialChemotherapy; Adjuvant; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Radiotherapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Survival Analysis; Treatment OutcomeRadiotherapy AdjuvantPostoperative ComplicationSurvival AnalysibusinessChemoradiotherapyHumanGut
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Caplacizumab prevents refractoriness and mortality in acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: integrated analysis

2021

Abstract The efficacy and safety of caplacizumab in individuals with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) have been established in the phase 2 TITAN and phase 3 HERCULES trials. Integrated analysis of data from both trials was conducted to increase statistical power for assessing treatment differences in efficacy and safety outcomes. Caplacizumab was associated with a significant reduction in the number of deaths (0 vs 4; P &amp;lt; .05) and a significantly lower incidence of refractory TTP (0 vs 8; P &amp;lt; .05) vs placebo during the treatment period. Consistent with the individual trials, treatment with caplacizumab resulted in a faster time to platelet count response (ha…

medicine.medical_specialtyExacerbationThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPlaceboGastroenterology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFibrinolytic AgentsRefractoryInternal medicinemedicineHumans610 Medicine &amp; healthAcquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic PurpuraPlasma ExchangePurpura Thrombotic Thrombocytopenicbusiness.industryHazard ratioHematologySingle-Domain Antibodiesmedicine.diseaseStimulus ReportTolerability030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCaplacizumabbusinessBlood Advances
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Reslizumab for uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma in patients who experienced a single exacerbation in the previous year: sub-analysis of two phase 3 t…

2017

Background: Reslizumab (RES), a humanized anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody, has been demonstrated to significantly reduce the risk of clinical asthma exacerbation (CAE), and improve lung function, asthma symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in patients (pts) with inadequately controlled eosinophilic asthma (ICEA) and ≥1 CAE in the prior 12 mos despite standard of care therapy (Castro et al., Lancet Respir Med 2015; 3:355-366). Aims/Objectives: To assess the efficacy of RES in a subgroup of pts with ICEA who experienced only 1 CAE in the 12 mos prior to trial enrolment. Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of the two duplicate 52-wk, placebo (PBO)-controlled phase 3 trials of RES (3 mg/…

medicine.medical_specialtyExacerbationbusiness.industryEosinophilic asthmaRate ratioPlaceboQuality of lifeReslizumabAsthma controlInternal medicinemedicineIn patientbusinessmedicine.drugAirway Pharmacology and Treatment
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Real-life impact of early interferonβ therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis

2009

Objective: Recent findings support greater efficacy of early vs. delayed interferon beta (IFN) treatment in patients with a first clinical event suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of early IFN treatment in definite relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and to assess the optimal time to initiate IFN treatment with regard to the greatest benefits on disability progression. Methods: A cohort of 2,570 IFN-treated RRMS patients was prospectively followed for up to 7 years in 15 Italian MS Centers. A Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for propensity score (PS) quintiles was used to assess differences between groups of patients with early vs. dela…

medicine.medical_specialtyExpanded Disability Status Scalebusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisHazard ratiomedicine.diseaseSurgeryCentral nervous system diseaseNeurologyInternal medicinePropensity score matchingCohortmedicineObservational studyNeurology (clinical)Unmeasured confoundingbusinessAnnals of Neurology
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