Search results for " RENEWABLE ENERGY"
showing 10 items of 133 documents
Systems-dynamic analysis of employment and inequality impacts of low-carbon investments
2016
Abstract This paper provides a macroeconomic framework to evaluate the social and economic consequences generated by a shift of investment to low-carbon options. We introduce into a standard growth framework a modified Lotka–Volterra model for wage and employment determination to address both the long-run dynamics of the economic system in terms of carbon emission and GDP growth and the short-term macroeconomic fluctuations in terms of unemployment and inequality. We use this framework to compare the results of different combinations of three strategies for carbon emissions reductions: improvement in energy efficiency, expansion of the renewable energy sector, and the direct reduction in ca…
Light-Induced Formation of Pb3+Paramagnetic Species in Lead Halide Perovskites
2018
Hybrid halide perovskites are soft materials processed at room temperature, revolutionary players in the photovoltaic field. Nowadays, investigation of the nature and role of defects is seen as one of the key challenges toward full comprehension of their behavior and achievement of high device stability under working conditions. We reveal the reversible generation, under illumination, of paramagnetic Pb3+ defects in CH3NH3PbI3, synthesized in ambient conditions, induced by the presence of Pb-O defects in the perovskite structure that may trap photogenerated holes, possibly mediated by the concomitant oxidation and migration of ions. According to the mechanism that we hypothesize, one charge…
Autohydrolysis pretreatment of Arundo donax: a comparison between microwave-assisted batch and fast heating rate flow-through reaction systems
2015
Background: Autohydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass in liquid hot water has been widely studied owing to its high efficiency and relatively low cost. In the perspective of industrial applications, continuous or semi-continuous processes are more interesting than batch systems. Moreover, microwave heating of pretreatment systems has been proposed to intensify the kinetics of the process. In this study, the autohydrolysis of Arundo donax was performed in pure liquid hot water using a microwave-heated batch reactor and a semi-continuous flow-through reaction system with fast heating rate at the same operating conditions with the aim of performing a systematic comparison between the two diffe…
Valorisation of urban green areas for producing renewable energy and biochar as growing substrate of Sicilian aromatic and nutraceutical species in a…
2020
This work is aimed at evaluating the possible building up of a gasifier for the energy valorisation of residual biomass deriving from urban areas and their surroundings. The area and the volumes of supply and economic convenience have been determined by implementing a GIS-based geographic method to the localisation and quantification of non-uniform elements of plant biomass. The pyrolysis and gasification processes of the lignocellulosic biomass obtained from pruning and maintenance operations of the urban and ornamental green include the production of a residual amount of biochar. The biochar can be used in agriculture as a soil improver and a substrate alternative to peat in the sustainab…
Opportunity of metallic interconnects for ITSOFC : Reactivity and electrical property.
2006
International audience; Iron-base alloys (Fe-Cr) are proposed hereafter as materials for interconnect of planar-type intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (ITSOFC); they are an alternative solution instead of the use of ceramic interconnects. These steels form an oxide layer (chrornia) which protects the interconnect from the exterior environment, but is an electrical insulator. One solution envisaged in this work is the deposition of a reactive element oxide coating, that slows down the formation of the oxide layer and that increases its electric conductivity. The oxide layer, formed at high temperature on the uncoated alloys, is mainly composed of chromia; it grows in accordance …
A novel heuristics-based energy management system for a multi-carrier hub enriched with solid hydrogen storage
2014
In this paper, an efficient optimization algorithm for the energy management of a grid-connected energy hub plant is proposed. The Simulated Annealing algorithm is adopted for the solution of the energy management problem aiming at the profit maximization for the owner of the energy hub plant. The use of a heuristic algorithm was required by the non-linearity of the efficiencies of each component in the energy transformation stages. The proposed heuristics is applied to a large energy hub, corresponding to the simulation of the test-bed that is being designed and developed inside the ongoing INGRID European research project.
Sea wave energy to supply the Aeolian Islands in sustainable way
2018
The diffusion of technologies supplied by Renewable Energy Sources is contributing in the challenge of reduction of energy dependence from fossil fuels, avoiding the emission of several polluting substances and greenhouse gases. Despite the technological development and important results around the world, in several remote areas or small islands the electrical energy production is based on obsolete technologies, supplied by fossil fuels. This solution is not sustainable for the environment, as the emissions of several pollutants. Focusing the attention on small islands, these areas usually have a standalone grid, as the high cost to build an electrical connection to the mainland, in compari…
Economie assessments on the use of wired and wireless recharging systems in Italian and European market
2017
The conductive charging method for the electric vehicles is the most widespread, since it is the simplest and has higher returns. In the last years, alternative charging technologies have been investigated. Between these wireless charging systems have been large diffusion and have been commercialized by some manufacturer. Wireless charging systems for electric vehicles have some advantages respect the wired ones, not obliging the user to connect physically the vehicle to the electric charging station. Assuming the efficiency declared by the manufacturer of wireless systems the authors, in this paper, estimate the maximum cost that wireless recharging systems can have to be, however, more fa…
Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems
2014
The Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES) in 2015 returned to its hometown, Dubrovnik, and once again served as a significant venue for scientists and specialists in different areas of sustainable development from all over the world to initiate, discuss, share, and disseminate new ideas.At the 10th SDEWES Conference, about 500 participants from 64 countries delivered total 541 contributions - 5 invited lectures, 3 panels, 49 regular sessions, 17 special sessions and 5 poster sessions, aimed at deepening the knowledge body and scientific understanding, improvement of long-term scientific assessments, strengthening of scientific capacities aro…
EU transition in power sector: How RES affects the design and operations of transmission power systems
2019
In the past, much of Europe's electricity grid network has been designed in consideration of the locations of conventional generation plants. However, a large share of today's renewables production – notably variable wind and solar – does not correspond to this grid architecture. Interconnectors, in addition to internal infrastructure, are key to creating new electricity corridors to connect areas of surplus to areas of scarcity. In this context, in 2014 the European Council, in recognizing that a fundamental role of transmission infrastructure is to enable the integration of areas of high renewable energy potential with main consumption areas, endorsed the proposal by the European Commissi…