Search results for " RESILIENCE"

Scenarios of Climatic Resilience, Economic Feasibility and Environmental Sustainability for the Refurbishment of the Early 20th Century Buildings

2019

This paper aims to examine the theme of energy retrofit within the circumscribed field of refurbishment interventions on load-bearing masonry buildings built in the early 20th century. These include a remarkable share of the fabric of many European cities and, in particular, they can be found in geographical areas characterized by a Mediterranean (mild) climate. The main objective is to increase the climate resilience of the buildings by verifying the economic feasibility and the environmental sustainability of the interventions at the same time observing the specific architectural features of the buildings. We put forward alternative retrofit solutions carrying out synoptic comparisons of …

Computing methods for resilience: evaluating new building components in the frame of SECAPs

2019

Resilience represents a new important feature that the anthropic systems, and cities among them, are called to cope with. In fact, the increasing negative stresses to which urban contexts are exposed, and mainly the climatic pressures, call for the capability of adapting to these modifications and, possibly, to restore the ex-ante situations. The role of the buildings and their envelope components is of crucial importance to this aim. This paper analyses the features of resilience of the roofs of buildings by means of proper quantitative indexes. On purpose, the performances of green and cool roofs are compared. The possibility of adopting nonstructural solutions, like the windows shading d…

Are urban water bodies really cooling?

2020

Abstract Small urban water bodies, like ponds or canals, are often assumed to cool their surroundings during hot periods, when water bodies remain cooler than air during daytime. However, during the night they may be warmer. Sufficient fetch is required for thermal effects to reach a height of 1–2 m, relevant for humans. In the ‘Really cooling water bodies in cities’ (REALCOOL) project thermal effects of typical Dutch urban water bodies were explored, using ENVI-met 4.1.3. This model version enables users to specify intensity of turbulent mixing and light absorption of the water, offering improved water temperature simulations. Local thermal effects near individual water bodies were assesse…

When Climate Turns Nasty, What Are Recent and Future Implications? Ecological and Human Health Review of Climate Change Impacts

2020

Purpose of Review: The impacts of climate change on biodiversity in the last three decades have increasingly assumed from significant to threatening proportions and this causes major global concerns. This study aims at examining the recent and future impacts of global climate change on both ecological resources and human well-being. This review study is based on the general concept of ecological resilience: that coping with climate change stresses and disturbances depends on social resilience, political and environmental strategies accessible in a community. The study assessed over 300 peer-reviewed publications, both articles and books, which linked climate change impacts on ecosystems to …

2021

Background: University students encounter various stressors such as exam preparation, workload and economic concerns. Having to deal with a multitude of stressors can lead to mental health problems and have a negative impact on academic outcomes in students attending university. This paper describes the development and usability evaluation of an open and easily accessible online portal (me@JGU) designed to help students build skills they need to cope with common stressors and manage their own mental health. Methods: We developed a website that addresses the most common stressors among university students and offers strategies for dealing with difficult situations. Initial evaluation results…

Mortality and demographic recovery in early post-black death epidemics: Role of recent emigrants in medieval Dijon

2020

International audience; Objective and methodsWe analyze the influence of population movement on susceptibility to death and resilience during two epidemics occurring in Dijon soon after the Black Death. Using a specific program designed to propose links between entries in annual tax registers, we define tentative heads of household, the elapsed time since their first registration and their ties with other persons within the city.ResultsDuring the 1400 epidemic heads of household who were registered for 1–3 years die in large numbers, whereas during years without epidemics, their death rate is lower than that of heads of household who were registered longer. Recent registration is an epidemi…

Does a positive appraisal style work in all stressful situations and for all individuals?

2015

AbstractKalisch et al. posit that a positive appraisal style is the key to resilience. I will argue instead that the adaptiveness of a particular emotion-regulation strategy is determined by contextual factors. Hence, a positive appraisal style might not always result in positive consequences and is most likely not the only mediator of resilience.

Verso una dimensione narrativa delle mappe

2021

Tra il pensiero e la costruzione dell’architettura il disegno ha un ruolo baricentrico per connettere i diversi protagonisti di una realizzazione e per coinvolgere la collettività facendo percepire inedite prospettive. La scrittura si rivela utile per esplicitare ciò che nella grafica è sotteso e per stabilire un ordine nuovo nel ragionamento progettuale. I rapporti fra segni e significati si moltiplicano nei sistemi informativi recenti in cui si ha la sensazione di poter dire moltissimo (dati numerici e spaziali) ma a volte sfugge quella sintesi indispensabile per una interpretazione concreta, finalizzata alla costruzione di possibili esperienze fisiche. Per l’esplorazione dell’uso di dive…

Digital Resilience to Normal Accidents in High-Reliability Organizations

2021

Digital technologies play a dual role on organizational resilience. On one side, digital systems introduce new technological risks. On the other side, digital systems increase the performances in response to hazardous accidents. Normal Accident Theory (NAT) and High-Reliability Organization (HRO) provide useful ground to explain the dynamics of digital resilience. However, the two theories have been either used as alternatives or with one theory dominating the other. We posit that to fully understand digital resilience we need to integrate NAT and HRO concepts instead of using them in isolation. We conduct a bibliometric analysis to identify major themes and application domains characterizi…

Cancer screening and health system resilience: Keys to protecting and bolstering preventive services during a financial crisis

2012

The aim of this paper is to elucidate the rationale for sustaining and expanding cost-effective, population-based screening services for breast, cervical and colorectal cancers in the context of the current financial crisis. Our objective is not only to promote optimal delivery of high-quality secondary cancer prevention services, but also to underline the importance of strengthening comprehensive cancer control, and with it, health system response to the complex care challenges posed by all chronic diseases. We focus primarily on issues surrounding planning, organisation, implementation and resources, arguing that given the growing cancer burden, policymakers have ample justification for e…