Search results for " RNA"

Electropherotype heterogeneity within serotypes of human rotavirus strains circulating in Italy

1987

Using solid-phase immune electron microscopy, 126 of 129 human rotavirus (HRV) strains could be serotyped directly in stools collected in Italy during the period 1981–1985. Prevalence was 70.5 per cent for serotype 1, and 13.2 per cent for each of serotypes 2 and 4. No serotype 3 strain was detected. In parallel, for 39 of 61 HRV strains tested the electropherotype of genomic RNA was successfully determined. Different electropherotypes were detected among strains of the same serotype, whereas the same electropherotype was found in HRV strains of different serotypes. Serotyping and electropherotyping of HRV strains appear to be complementary to each other, and both should be used in conjunct…

H1° mRNA-containing complexes in rat brain cells. In: Proceedings of the Abstracts

2015

Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression depends on RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which are able to regulate translation, stability and subcellular localization of mRNAs [1]. RNA-protein complexes start to be built up since transcription; some proteins remain then bound to the transcript, while others behave as only transient components. In the developing nervous system of mammals, the postnatal production of the histone variants H1° and H3.3 is mainly regulated at the post-transcriptional level. Synthesis and incorporation into chromatin of the two histone proteins has been suggested to be involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, both in normal brain development a…

Melanoma cells release extracellular vesicle which contain H1° linker histone as well as RNA-binding proteins which bind to the H1° mRNA

2015

We previously demonstrated that G26/24 oligodendroglioma cells release EVs that contain proteins, such as FasL and TRAIL, which induce apoptosis in rat cortical neurons [1] and astrocytes [2]. We also reported that cancer cells use EVs for transferring, into the environment [3], proteins such as extracellular matrix remodelling proteases [4], and H1°, a differentiation-specific histone [5]. In particular, by releasing H1°, cells could escape differentiation cues [5]. To verify the role of EVs in releasing specific proteins and mRNAs, in this study we used as a model A375 melanoma cells. METHODS EVs were purified from cell culture media as previously reported [1, 2]. T1 RNase-protection assa…

Expression and intracellular localization of H1° mRNA-containing complexes in developing rat brain and astrocytes

2015

INTRODUCTION: Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression relies on RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which regulate intracellular transport, stability, and translation of mRNAs [1]. We previously identified a set of proteins which interact with mRNAs encoding H1° and H3.3 histones [2-5]. All these proteins are probably part of a ribonucleoprotein particle [6]. Here we report more details on the expression and intracellular localization of some of these RBPs, during rat brain development and in isolated rat astrocytes. METHODS: Affinity chromatography was performed as already described [6]. Preparation of total lysates and cellular sub-fractions was done as reported in [3]. Possible co-lo…

Melanoma cells release extracellular vesicles which contain RNA-binding proteins able to bind the mRNA encoding histone H1°

2015

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by most prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; tumour cells, however, release much higher amounts of EVs, which contain cancer-specific proteins and RNAs. Molecules carried by EVs are captured by surrounding cells, which then undergo profound phenotypic modifications. G26/24 oligodendroglioma cells release, for example, EVs containing FasL and TRAIL, which induce apoptosis in rat cortical neurons and astrocytes in culture. By metabolic labelling of cells, EV-mediated horizontal transfer of radioactive proteins was clearly demonstrated. Among the proteins present in EVs produced by oligodendroglioma cells, extracellular matrix remodelling proteases, and t…

The tumor suppressor p14ARF hampers proliferation of aneuploid cells induced by CENP-E partial depletion

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) is a cellular surveillance mechanism that ensures faithfully segregation of chromosomes. Reduced expression of some of its components weakens the SAC and induces chromosome instability and aneuploidy, both hallmarks of tumor cells. Centromere Protein-E (CENP-E) is a crucial component of the SAC and facilitates kinetochore microtubule attachment required to achieve and maintain chromosome alignment. To investigate the possible role of p14ARF on aneuploid cells proliferation we induced aneuploidy in primary human fibroblasts (IMR90) and in near diploid tumor cells (HCT116) by partial depletion of CENP-E obtained by RNA interference. Our results show that …

Acidi nucleici: struttura e funzione

2016

Guardando il progetto di un tempio greco e quello di un moderno grattacielo, chiunque di noi trova dei tratti di similitudine e di divergenza, ma soprattutto scopre che il “linguaggio” usato per costruirlo è uguale: sia gli ingegneri di quei tempi sia quelli odierni hanno entrambi raffigurato in un progetto le fondamenta, le sopraelevazioni, i carichi da sostenere, le suddivisioni in stanze e altro. Ebbene, addentrandoci a studiare questo capitolo scopriremo che le informazioni su come generare e gestire un vivente sono contenute in un progetto fatto da macromolecole, gli acidi nucleici, scritte nel medesimo linguaggio, il codice genetico, uguale sin dai primi esseri viventi nati milioni di…

Tumor protein 53-induced nuclear protein 1 expression is repressed by miR-155, and its restoration inhibits pancreatic tumor development.

2007

Pancreatic cancer is a disease with an extremely poor prognosis. Tumor protein 53-induced nuclear protein 1 ( TP53INP1 ) is a proapoptotic stress-induced p53 target gene. In this article, we show by immunohistochemical analysis that TP53INP1 expression is dramatically reduced in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and this decrease occurs early during pancreatic cancer development. TP53INP1 reexpression in the pancreatic cancer-derived cell line MiaPaCa2 strongly reduced its capacity to form s.c., i.p., and intrapancreatic tumors in nude mice. This anti-tumoral capacity is, at least in part, due to the induction of caspase 3-mediated apoptosis. In addition, TP53INP1 −/− mouse embryonic…

Molecular Epidemiological Survey ofCitrobacter freundiiMisidentified asCronobacterspp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) andEnterobacter hormaecheiIsolated fr…

2011

A total of 75 powdered infant milk formula (PIF) samples collected from pharmacies and drugstores in Western Sicily, Italy, and representative of 12 different brands were analyzed in this study to evaluate their microbiological quality. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration protocol, 32 samples out of 75 were contaminated by enterobacteria. Commercial biochemical API(r) 20E-system identification method indicated that six PIF samples were presumptively contaminated by Cronobacter spp., but further characterization by alpha-glucosidase based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay identification strongly suggested that these strains did not belong to the genus Cronobacter. Phylogen…

Identification of the novel Kawasaki 2014 GII.17 human norovirus strain in Italy, 2015

2015

Surveillance of noroviruses in Italy identified the novel GII.17 human norovirus strain, Kawasaki 2014, in February 2015. This novel strain emerged as a major cause of gastroenteritis in Asia during 2014/15, replacing the pandemic GII.4 norovirus strain Sydney 2012, but being reported only sporadically elsewhere. This novel strain is undergoing fast diversification and continuous monitoring is important to understand the evolution of noroviruses and to implement the future strategies on norovirus vaccines.