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showing 10 items of 529 documents

Preliminary experience with a transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery system integrated with a 1.5-T MRI unit in a series o…

2018

OBJECTIVETranscranial magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound surgery (tcMRgFUS) is one of the emerging noninvasive technologies for the treatment of neurological disorders such as essential tremor (ET), idiopathic asymmetrical tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease (PD), and neuropathic pain. In this clinical series the authors present the preliminary results achieved with the world’s first tcMRgFUS system integrated with a 1.5-T MRI unit.METHODSThe authors describe the results of tcMRgFUS in a sample of patients with ET and with PD who underwent the procedure during the period from January 2015 to September 2017. A monolateral ventralis intermedius nucleus (VIM) thalamic ablation was pe…

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Ultrastructural Hippocampal and White Matter Alterations in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

2003

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered to be a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), white matter structural pathology is due to Wallerian degeneration and central angiopathy. However, in MCI patients, the presence and extent of white matter alterations as a possible correlate of impaired memory function and as predictor of subsequent progression to AD is not clarified yet. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) reveals the ultrastructural integrity of cerebral white matter tracts. Therefore, it could detect pathological processes that modify tissue integrity in patients with MCI. In our prospective study, conventional and diffusion tensor MR scan…

MalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyCognitive NeuroscienceHypercholesterolemiaSpleniumHippocampusNeuropsychological TestsCorpus callosumHippocampusWhite matterAlzheimer DiseaseRisk Factorsmental disordersFractional anisotropyCentrum semiovaleImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansAgedPsychiatric Status Rating Scalesmedicine.diagnostic_testBrainMagnetic resonance imagingMagnetic Resonance ImagingPsychiatry and Mental healthmedicine.anatomical_structureHypertensionAnisotropyFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologyCognition DisordersPsychologyDiffusion MRIDementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders

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Distinguishing the efficacy and sedative effects of guanfacine extended release in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity diso…

2019

The present study investigated whether symptom reduction in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treated with guanfacine extended release (GXR) can be explained by sedative effects of the medication. Data from four double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials of GXR monotherapy (1-7 mg/day; morning administration) in children (aged 6-12 years) and adolescents (aged 13-17 years) with ADHD were analyzed post hoc. Two studies used forced-dose titration and two used flexible-dose titration. Efficacy was determined using ADHD Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS-IV) scores. Sedative treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) included somnolence, sedati…

MalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentmedicine.drug_classSedationDrug Administration Schedule03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDouble-Blind MethodRating scalemedicineHumansHypnotics and SedativesAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderPharmacology (medical)ChildAdverse effectBiological PsychiatryMorningPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseGuanfacine030227 psychiatryGuanfacinePsychiatry and Mental healthTreatment OutcomeNeurologyAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityDelayed-Action PreparationsSedativeFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerySomnolenceFollow-Up Studiesmedicine.drugEuropean Neuropsychopharmacology

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Comparing Long-Acting Antipsychotic Discontinuation Rates Under Ordinary Clinical Circumstances: A Survival Analysis from an Observational, Pragmatic…

2021

Background Recent guidelines suggested a wider use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI) than previously, but naturalistic data on the consequences of LAI use in terms of discontinuation rates and associated factors are still sparse, making it hard for clinicians to be informed on plausible treatment courses. Objective Our objective was to assess, under real-world clinical circumstances, LAI discontinuation rates over a period of 12 months after a first prescription, reasons for discontinuation, and associated factors. Methods The STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ was a naturalistic, multicentre, observational prospective study that enrolled subjects initiating a LAI without restrictions …

MalePediatricsrespectively)0302 clinical medicineDelayed-Action PreparationBrief Psychiatric Rating ScalePharmacology (medical)he STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ prospectively followed 394 subjects initiating treatment with long-acting injections (LAIs) of antipsychotics under naturalistic conditions for 12 months. LAI discontinuation was frequent in everyday clinical practice in ItalyOriginal Research ArticleProspective StudiesProspective cohort studytreatmentMental DisordersHazard ratiowhereas more than half of participants initiating risperidone LAI and olanzapine LAI discontinued during the 12 months of follow-up (51.4 and 62.5%Psychiatric Status Rating ScaleMiddle Agedside efectsPsychiatry and Mental healthItalyMental DisorderFemalehe STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ prospectively followed 394 subjects initiating treatment with long-acting injections (LAIs) of antipsychotics under naturalistic conditions for 12 months. LAI discontinuation was frequent in everyday clinical practice in Italy occurring in almost 40% of the entire sample; side efects participant refusal to continue LAIs and LAIs no longer being required were the most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation. Paliperidone LAI and aripiprazole LAI were the least discontinued medications (33.9 and 35.4% respectively) whereas more than half of participants initiating risperidone LAI and olanzapine LAI discontinued during the 12 months of follow-up (51.4 and 62.5% respectively). In multivariate analysis being prescribed olanzapine LAI and poor medication adherence at baseline were signifcantly associated with higher discontinuation risk.HumanAntipsychotic Agentsmedicine.drugPsychopathologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyDiscontinuationFollow-Up StudieMedication Adherence03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansPaliperidoneAdverse effectSettore MED/25 - Psichiatriadiscontinuation ratesPsychiatric Status Rating Scalesrespectively). In multivariate analysisbusiness.industryLong-Acting Antipsychoticlong-acting injectable antipsychoticsSurvival AnalysisConfidence intervalparticipant refusal to continue LAIs and LAIs no longer being required were the most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation. Paliperidone LAI and aripiprazole LAI were the least discontinued medications (33.9 and 35.4%030227 psychiatryDiscontinuationProspective StudieAntipsychotic Agentoccurring in almost 40% of the entire sampleDelayed-Action PreparationsNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgerybeing prescribed olanzapine LAI and poor medication adherence at baseline were signifcantly associated with higher discontinuation riskFollow-Up Studies

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Feeling physical pain while depressed: The effect of alexithymia

2020

Background: In the literature, depression and alexithymia are associated with greater pain perception. It is unknown whether depression and alexithymia have additive effects on perceived pain. Methods: The present study examined 152 participants (96 women, 56 men). Participants completed the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Brief Pain Inventory, and the NEO Personality Inventory. There were 49 participants in the active phase of depression with either definite (n = 15) or no alexithymia (n = 34). One hundred three participants showed no depression with either definite (n = 14) or no alexithymia (n = 89). Results: Pain severity showed a small but s…

MalePersonality Inventorymedia_common.quotation_subject03 medical and health sciencesToronto Alexithymia Scale0302 clinical medicineAlexithymiaRating scalealexithymia depression neuroticism pain perception.Settore M-PSI/08 - Psicologia ClinicamedicineHumansAffective SymptomsBrief Pain InventoryDepression (differential diagnoses)media_commonPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia Fisiologicamedicine.diagnostic_testDepressionbusiness.industryPain PerceptionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseNeuroticism030227 psychiatryFeelingFemalePersonality Assessment InventorybusinessClinical psychologyAnnals of Clinical Psychiatry

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Toward empirically based criteria for the classification of somatoform disorders

1999

Abstract There is a major need for an empirical evaluation of classification criteria for somatoform disorders. The present study analyzes psychometric properties of the existing criteria for somatization disorder. The full sample consisted of 324 patients seeking help because of “psychosomatic problems.” Data from a subsample of carefully diagnosed patients with somatization syndrome (n=76) and a clinical comparison group (n=32) permitted the analysis of the discriminative power of items. Twenty-one somatic symptoms adopted from DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria did not exhibit the necessary psychometric characteristics (item probability, item-total correlation, etc.). Thirty-two somatic symptoms…

MalePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesNosologymedicine.medical_specialtyPsychometricsCultureSick RoleReproducibility of ResultsObservationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFull samplePsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologymedicineHumansFemaleSomatization disorderSomatoform DisordersAttributionPsychiatryPsychologySomatizationIllness behaviorClinical psychologyJournal of Psychosomatic Research

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Overlap between emotional blunting, depression, and extrapyramidal symptoms in schizophrenia

2002

MalePsychiatric Status Rating Scalesmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryEmotional bluntingMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthBasal Ganglia DiseasesExtrapyramidal symptomsSchizophreniaGermanySchizophreniaHumansMedicineFemaleSchizophrenic Psychologymedicine.symptombusinessPsychiatryBiological PsychiatryDepression (differential diagnoses)Schizophrenia Research

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A 12-month prospective, observational study evaluating the impact of disease-modifying treatment on emotional burden in recently-diagnosed multiple s…

2016

Abstract Introduction Depression and anxiety are common among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and are frequently present at the time of MS diagnosis. Methods POSIDONIA was a 12-month, observational, prospective study conducted in Italy to evaluate the impact of disease-modifying treatment (DMT) on emotional burden in patients with recently-diagnosed MS. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), specifically HADS anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) subscale scores, the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) and the Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R) were used to measure patient-reported outcomes. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), HDRS-17, was used as a measure…

MalePsychometricsAnxietyHospital Anxiety and Depression Scale0302 clinical medicineImmunologic FactorMultiple sclerosis Disease-modifying treatment Emotional burden Anxiety DepressionMultiple SclerosiDisease-modifying treatment030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyDepression (differential diagnoses)DepressionMiddle AgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScaleTreatment OutcomeItalyNeurologyAnxietyFemaleSettore MED/26 - Neurologiamedicine.symptomPsychologyPsychometricHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyMultiple SclerosisMood DisorderPsychometricsAdolescentLogistic Model03 medical and health sciencesYoung AdultRating scalemedicineHumansImmunologic FactorsAgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesMood Disordersmedicine.diseaseProspective StudieLogistic ModelsMood disordersPhysical therapyEmotional burdenObservational studyNeurology (clinical)030217 neurology & neurosurgery

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Evaluation of the psychometric properties of “the Norwegian screening test for dyslexia”

2018

The aim of this study was to develop and investigate the psychometric properties of a screening protocol for Norwegian students in upper secondary school. The protocol was designed to assess skills that are at stake in dyslexia. It was administered to 232 students. In the absence of a “gold standard,” comparisons were made between students who reported normal literacy skills (n = 184) and literacy problems (n = 48). Significant group differences were found across all areas. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses demonstrated good discriminatory power. The screening protocol met the standards for reliability and validity. It has the potential to be a useful …

MalePsychometricsiltalukiotheritabilityLogistic regressionNorjaspellingDevelopmental and Educational Psychologykeskiasteen koulutusReliability (statistics)ta515SchoolsNorway05 social sciences050301 educationGeneral MedicineperiytyvyyslanguageFemaleyläkouluPsychologyupper secondary050104 developmental & child psychologyClinical psychologyAdolescentPsychometricseducationExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyNorwegianbehavioral disciplines and activitiesEducationYoung AdultepäjärjestysdyslexiamedicineHumansdysleksia0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesStudentsUpper secondary general schools (evening classes)reading (activity)screening testProtocol (science)Receiver operating characteristicGold standardDyslexiaReproducibility of Resultslukeminen (toiminta)medicine.diseaselanguage.human_languageBehavior Rating Scalelukihäiriöt0503 educationDyslexia

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The deficit syndrome in schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic patients: preliminary studies.

1995

One hundred and eighty-seven patients suffering from DSM-III-R schizophrenia, schizoaffective, schizophreniform (psychotic group), unipolar, bipolar and other disorders were interviewed 5 years after discharge. Deficiencies were assessed by means of the Schedule for Deficit Syndrome (SDS) and the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Binocular thresholds for discomfort to high luminances (TDHL) were assessed in 17 patients with a deficit syndrome. Results suggest that patients with psychotic disorders are in a high-risk group for deficit syndrome. Nevertheless, 9-28% and 9-30% of the 'nonpsychotic' group according to the SANS and the SDS, respectively, showed primary enduring ne…

MalePsychosismedicine.medical_specialtyLightbehavioral disciplines and activitiesSeverity of Illness Indexmental disordersmedicineHumansBipolar disorderPsychiatryDepression (differential diagnoses)Negative symptomChronobiology PhenomenaPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesDepressive DisorderMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologySchizoaffective psychosisStimulus luminancePsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyAnxiety disorderPsychopathology

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