Search results for " Reason."

Ordinal mind change complexity of language identification

1997

The approach of ordinal mind change complexity, introduced by Freivalds and Smith, uses constructive ordinals to bound the number of mind changes made by a learning machine. This approach provides a measure of the extent to which a learning machine has to keep revising its estimate of the number of mind changes it will make before converging to a correct hypothesis for languages in the class being learned. Recently, this measure, which also suggests the difficulty of learning a class of languages, has been used to analyze the learnability of rich classes of languages. Jain and Sharma have shown that the ordinal mind change complexity for identification from positive data of languages formed…

Efficient learning of regular expressions from good examples

1994

We consider the problem of restoring regular expressions from expressive examples. We define the class of unambiguous regular expressions, the notion of the union number of an expression showing how many union operations can occur directly under any single iteration, and the notion of an expressive example. We present a polynomial time algorithm which tries to restore an unambiguous regular expression from one expressive example. We prove that if the union number of the expression is 0 or 1 and the example is long enough, then the algorithm correctly restores the original expression from one good example. The proof relies on original investigations in theory of covering symbol sequences (wo…

Professional vision of Grade 1 teachers experiencing different levels of work-related stress

2022

This study explored teachers' professional vision by examining how teachers experiencing low, moderate and high work-related stress reason their eye-tracking recordings in terms of description, explanation and prediction. A qualitative analysis of retrospective think-aloud interviews with 24 Grade 1 teachers showed that teachers predominantly used description in their reasoning, while explanation and prediction were less frequent. The description mainly focused on teacher information/elaboration and classroom management/behaviour. Teachers with moderate stress utilised self-reflection most frequently, whereas teachers with high stress utilised it the least. The results suggest that the leve…

Premature diagnostic closure: An avoidable type of error

2013

A well-developed clinical interview makes it possible to adequately focus the diagnosis. However, cognitive psychology shows that mistakes are made when the persons face complex problems, such as those faced when making a diagnosis, especially if time or resources are limited. The main cause of failures in clinical reasoning is using "cognitive shortcuts". Among them, premature closure is a key factor triggering a diagnostic error. Cognitive errors are predictable and thus, it is possible to learn strategies to reduce or avoid them. Knowing the main features of cognitive shortcuts and identifying those automatically used is the first step towards preventing errors or minimizing their conseq…

A cognitive architecture for artificial vision

1997

Abstract A new cognitive architecture for artificial vision is proposed. The architecture, aimed at an autonomous intelligent system, is cognitive in the sense that several cognitive hypotheses have been postulated as guidelines for its design. The first one is the existence of a conceptual representation level between the subsymbolic level, that processes sensory data, and the linguistic level, that describes scenes by means of a high level language. The conceptual level plays the role of the interpretation domain for the symbols at the linguistic levels. A second cognitive hypothesis concerns the active role of a focus of attention mechanism in the link between the conceptual and the ling…

Graphic syntax and representational development

2008

International audience; This chapter focuses specifically on the relationships between syntax and cognitive development, particularly representational development. Vinter, Picard and Fernandes promote the take-home message that changes in drawing behaviour during development result from changes in the size of the cognitive units or mental representations used to plan behaviour, and in the capacity to manage part-whole relationships. This hypothesis is first illustrated by reviewing studies in which children's adherence to the graphic rules when they copy elementary or complex figures is assessed. The authors also examine children's syntactical behaviour at a more global level, characterizin…

Integrating epistemic knowledge and logical reasoning skills in adult cognitive development 1

2020

Emotional Intelligence

2004

Abductive Reasoning and Linguistic Meaning

2006

Knowledge representation for robotic vision based on conceptual spaces and attentive mechanisms

1995

A new cognitive architecture for artificial vision is proposed. The architecture is aimed for an autonomous intelligent system, as several cognitive hypotheses have been postulated as guidelines for its design. The design is based on a conceptual representation level between the subsymbolic level processing the sensory data, and the linguistic level describing scenes by means of a high-level language. The architecture is also based on the active role of a focus of attention mechanism in the link between the conceptual and the linguistic level. The link between the conceptual level and the linguistic level is modelled as a time-delay attractor neural network.