Search results for " Reason"

showing 10 items of 465 documents

Is the Categorical Imperative the Highest Principle of Both Pure Practical and Theoretical Reason?

2014

AbstractIn her new book, Patricia Kitcher supports Onora O'Neill's view that the categorical imperative is the highest principle of both practical and theoretical reason. I claim that neither O'Neill's original interpretation nor Kitcher's additional evidence in favour of it are convincing. At its core, this misconception of Kant's position consists in the identification of self-referential critique of reason with the concept of autonomy. It will be shown that the ‘common principle’ (Kant) of both practical and theoretical reason is not the categorical imperative, but the reflective power of judgement, as Kant claims in the Critique of the Power of Judgement.

Practical reasonPower (social and political)PhilosophyInterpretation (philosophy)media_common.quotation_subjectPhilosophyJudgementIdentification (psychology)DutyCategorical imperativeAutonomymedia_commonEpistemologyKantian Review
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Choice and Practical Reasoning in Ancient Philosophy

2013

Ancient thinkers acknowledged that we are the sort of creatures that want things to be a certain way and can make efforts for them to become that way. In that sense, the ancients had a notion of volition. But it is not clear how they conceived of volition. The problem is partly historical. Some late ancient, notably Christian thinkers came to regard volition in a different way than earlier thinkers had done, seeing reason as a less powerful ability than Socrates did, and instead placing their hopes on the will, which they regarded as a separate and sovereign part of the soul. About these historical developments there is much debate and little agreement. The problem is also partly conceptual…

Practical reasonSOCRATESAncient philosophyPhilosophymedia_common.quotation_subjectProhairesisMoral psychologyAction theory (philosophy)SoulDeterminismEpistemologymedia_common
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Tre osservazioni su diez tesis acerca de la coherencia en el Derecho

2021

El artículo está dedicado a tres observaciones críticas sobre la concepción de la coherencia defendida por Amaya. Estas observaciones se refieren a: a) la supuesta incompatibilidad entre la coherencia y la concepción instrumental de la razón práctica; b) la aspiración a la best explanation y, finalmente, c) al vínculo entre la coherencia y la responsabilidad epistémica.

Practical reasonSettore IUS/20 - Filosofia Del Dirittoargomentazione giuridicaoggettività.Philosophyinterpretazione giuridicacoerenzaCoherence (statistics)EpistemologyDiscusiones
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Our Progress Towards Virtue

2015

This chapter is about how we can improve our rational abilities, i.e. make progress towards virtue. I first show that, according to Chrysippus, the natural properties of children are usually corrupted in three ways when they grow up and that adults therefore can make progress only by solving their inner conflicts, becoming more steadfast in their practical reasoning, and improving their self-understanding. So I argue that the main remedy against corruption is to study philosophy. I detail how we can acquire a better self-understanding by studying physics and how we can cure the mind of its inconsistencies by studying logic. I also argue that ethics prepares the mind for an active life in wh…

Practical reasonVirtueLanguage changemedia_common.quotation_subjectMoral psychologyMental propertysortNatural (music)Set (psychology)Epistemologymedia_common
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Vicente de Haro Romo: Duty, Virtue and Practical Reason in Kant’s Metaphysics of Morals, Hildesheim/Zürich/New York, Georg Olms Verlag, 2015, pp. 342…

2017

Resena de Vicente de Haro Romo: Duty, Virtue and Practical Reason in Kant’s Metaphysics of Morals, Hildesheim/Zurich/New York, Georg Olms Verlag, 2015, pp. 342, ISBN: 978-3-487-15348-3

Practical reasonVirtueUNESCO::FILOSOFÍA:FILOSOFÍA [UNESCO]media_common.quotation_subjectPhilosophyHumanidadesMetaphysicsGeneral MedicineTheologyFilosofía. EticaDutymedia_common
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Eritrean teachers' perceptions of learner-centred interactive pedagogy

2021

In most sub-Saharan African countries, mainstreaming learner-centred interactive pedagogy (LCIP) is defined as a policy priority. Similarly, Eritrea has adopted the same policy to seek a solution to its educational challenges. Rather than rote mastery of course content, the LCIP approach prioritises learners in constructing knowledge through interaction, active participation and controlling the learning process. This paper explores secondary school teachers' perceptions of LCIP and their challenges in implementing this pedagogical approach. Constructivism and sociocultural learning theory are considered conceptual frameworks to highlight LCIP as an approach for teaching and learning. Qualit…

Process (engineering)toisen asteen koulutusQualitative propertyasenteetMainstreamingEritreaEducationConstructivism (philosophy of education)PedagogyComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONLearning theorylearner-centred interactive pedagogykäsitykset0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSociologySociocultural evolutionsecondary school teachers05 social sciences050301 educationInductive reasoningopettajatteachers' perceptionspedagogiikkaConceptual frameworkinteraktiivisuusopetusmenetelmät0503 education050104 developmental & child psychology
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Holonic Handling the Unexpected in Project Management

2017

Abstract Risk assessment is one the key activities of any project. The unexpected situations can have catastrophic consequences. Risk assessment tries to estimate to potential known unknowns, but there is no guarantee to foresee all circumstances around a project. In this situation the project team must be adaptive and find solutions by cooperation, creativity and abductive reasoning. In the paper we tried to analyse on what extent a project and a project team can be handled as a complex adaptive system. More precisely, how the scientific and practical achievements of the theory of complex adaptive systems (CAS) can be used in project management. More exactly, we analyse the applicability o…

Process managementbusiness.industryComputer scienceComplex systemKey (cryptography)Project managementbusinessRisk assessmentComplex adaptive systemProject teamAbductive reasoningRisk managementBalkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education
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A Proposed Knowledge Based Approach for Solving Proteomics Issues

2010

In this paper we present a novel knowledge-based approach that aims at helping scientists to face and resolve a large number of proteomics problem. The system architecture is based on an ontology to model the knowledge base, a reasoner that starting from the user's request and a set of rules builds the workflow of tasks to be done, and an executor that runs the algorithms and software scheduled by the reasoner. The system can interact with the user showing him intermediate results and several options in order to refine the workflow and supporting him to choose among different forks. Thanks to the presence of the knowledge base and the modularity provided by the ontology, the system can be e…

ProteomicsKnowledge-based systemOntologyComputer sciencebusiness.industryProteomicDSS Proteomics Rule-based SystemSemantic reasonerOntology (information science)ExecutorMachine learningcomputer.software_genreExpert systemKnowledge-based systemsWorkflowKnowledge baseSystems architectureArtificial intelligenceSoftware engineeringbusinesscomputer
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Eight Questions for the Speakers

2019

In this paper, we raise a few questions for Bartosz Brozek, Monica Bucciarelli and Philip Johnson-Laird. The questions we ask to Bucciarelli and Johnson-Laird concern the nature of the “sense of correctness” which is at the heart of our normative judgments and reasoning, and the status of the laws of logic relating to mental models. Our questions to Brozek concern the distinction he traces between rudimentary and abstract rules, the role of language in normative behaviour, and the role of mental simulation in the understanding of abstract rules.

Psychology of deontic reasoningMental modelsSettore IUS/20 - Filosofia Del DirittoRule followingSettore M-FIL/03 - Filosofia MoraleNormativity
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The relationship of symptom dimensions with premorbid adjustment and cognitive characteristics at first episode psychosis: Findings from the EU-GEI s…

2021

Premorbid functioning and cognitive measures may reflect gradients of developmental impairment across diagnostic categories in psychosis. In this study, we sought to examine the associations of current cognition and premorbid adjustment with symptom dimensions in a large first episode psychosis (FEP) sample. We used data from the international EU-GEI study. Bifactor modelling of the Operational Criteria in Studies of Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT) ratings provided general and specific symptom dimension scores. Premorbid Adjustment Scale estimated premorbid social (PSF) and academic adjustment (PAF), and WAIS-brief version measured IQ. A MANCOVA model examined the relationship between symptom di…

PsychosisFirst episode psychosiscognitive domainsPremorbid Adjustment ScaleQUOCIENTE DE INTELIGÊNCIATransdiagnostic Premorbid adjustmentNEGATIVE SYMPTOMSArticlesymptom dimensionspremorbid adjustmentWORKING-MEMORYSecondary analysisFirst episode psychosisfirst episode psychosis1ST-EPISODE NONAFFECTIVE PSYCHOSISMedicineScopusCognitive domain[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Settore MED/25 - PsichiatriaBiological PsychiatryTransdiagnosticbusiness.industryWorking memoryConfoundingCognitive domainsCognitionBIPOLAR DISORDERSymptom dimensionsmedicine.diseaseGENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONSFirst episode psychosiCANNABIS USEPsychiatry and Mental healthSymptom dimensionPerceptual reasoningJCRIQSOCIAL COGNITIONtransdiagnosticPROCESSING-SPEEDNEURODEVELOPMENTAL TRAJECTORIES[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Premorbid adjustmentbusinessSCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDERClinical psychology
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