Search results for " Reason"

Kant, la Ilustración y la Domesticación del Ser Humano

2011

RESUMENEste trabajo pretende entender qué idea de justicia implícita es inherente a las reflexiones de Kant sobre la Ilustración y en particular en su artículo publicado en 1784 sobre este tema. Para poder entender esta noción, demuestro cómo Kant pretende redefinir las relaciones entre el Estado y los individuos, neutralizando lo que llama la domesticación del ser humano. La liberación que surge de este proceso debe provocar una redefinición de la conducta política y legal del Estado en relación con los ciudadanos, ampliando y garantizando al mismo tiempo sus derechos. ABSTRACT This paper aims to show what kind of implicit idea of justice underlies some of the reflections of Kant concernin…

‘What’s the Plan?’: On Interpretation and Meta-interpretation in Scott Shapiro’s Legality

2012

This chapter seeks to explain and evaluate Shapiro’s theory of legal interpretation, as it is outlined in his recent book ‘Legality’. More specifically, in the following I will try to provide (a) a reconstruction of Shapiro’s theory of legal interpretation, as it is developed in ‘Legality’; (b) an assessment of this theory of interpretation on its own terms (i.e. its internal coherence, its overall persuasiveness); and (c) an evaluation of the compatibility of this theory of legal interpretation with the general project of ‘law as plan’.

Some introductory remarks on legal interpretation and legal reasoning. A philosophical approach

2006

Jurisdiction in cases of divorce, legal separation or marriage annulment

2021

The subject of coordination is fundamental for the functioning of jurisdictional rules of the Regulation n.2016/1103 on matrimonial property regimes and Regulation n.2016/1104 on the property consequences of registered partnerships. Both Property Regimes Regulations have the purpose of gathering litigation before the courts of one Member State and have the related procedures managed by the courts of the same Member State. Recital 34 of Regulation No. 2016/1103 specifies that matters of matrimonial property regime related to proceedings pending before the court of a member state hearing an application for divorce, legal separation or marriage annulment should be dealt with by the courts of t…

Reasons and freedom

2015

En este artículo, tengo la intención de defender el libertarismo contra la llamada "objeción de la suerte”, según la cual una elección causalmente indeterminada es puramente afortunada o arbitraria, y por lo tanto no es algo que un agente pueda controlar y ser moralmente responsable. Trato de responder a esta objeción sobre la base de una reflexión sobre si la deliberación es una cuestión de sopesar razones o de darles peso. Con este fin, me baso en algunas ideas de P. Greenspan y J. Raz. Trato de defender el modelo de dar peso contra las acusaciones de irracionalidad. Sostengo, en primer lugar, que dar peso a las razones es un proceso indispensable en ciertos casos, en el que las razones q…

Prosocial reasoning and emotions in young offenders and non-offenders

2017

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyse the cognitive processes (prosocial moral reasoning, perspective taking) and emotional processes (empathic concern, emotional instability, state-trait anger) which interact in predicting aggressive behaviour and prosocial behaviour of adolescents who have committed a crime and those who have not, for the purpose of establishing the predictor variables in both groups. Participants were 440 adolescents, 220 of them young offenders residing in four youth detention centres in Valencia, in which they were serving court sentences (67.3% men and 32.7% women). The other 220 were enrolled in public and private schools within the metropolitan area of Valen…

The relationship between children‘s reading ability, verbal and fluid intelligence and measurements of eye movements during reading

2014

The aim of this study was to clarify, which of the following two measures: verbal intelligence or measurements of eye movements, is better predictor of reading ability. In addition, the study also investigated the relationships between reading ability, fluid intelligence and measurements of eye movements. Participants of the study (N = 28; mean age = 8.80; SD = .41; 54% boys) were assessed in reading with LMST-I Reading achievement test, verbal and fluid intelligence was measured using two scales – Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual reasoning – from Latvian edition of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fourth Edition (WISC- IV, Latvian version), as well as eye tracking was made durin…

Comparison between statistical and fuzzy approaches for improving diagnostic decision making in patients with chronic nasal symptoms

2014

This paper compares a fuzzy model, expressed in rule-form, with a well known statistical approach (i.e. logistic regression model) for diagnostic decision making in patients with chronic nasal symptoms. The analyses were carried out using a database obtained from a questionnaire administered to 1359 patients with nasal symptoms containing personal data, clinical data and skin prick test (SPT) results. Both the fuzzy model and the logistic regression model developed were validated using a data set obtained from another medical institution. The accuracy of the two models in identifying patients with positive or negative SPT was similar. This study is a preliminary step to the creation of a so…

Knowledge translation from continuing education to physiotherapy practice in classifying patients with low back pain

2015

Physical therapists have used continuing education as a method of improving their skills in conducting clinical examination of patients with low back pain (LBP). The purpose of this study was to evaluate how well the pathoanatomical classification of patients in acute or subacute LBP can be learned and applied through a continuing education format. The patients were seen in a direct access setting.The study was carried out in a large health-care center in Finland. The analysis included a total of 57 patient evaluations generated by six physical therapists on patients with LBP. We analyzed the consistency and level of agreement of the six physiotherapists' (PTs) diagnostic decisions, who par…

The new criteria for classification of rheumatoid arthritis: what we need to know for clinical practice.

2011

The new criteria for classification of Rheumatoid Arthritis have been recently released. They incorporate the anti-Citrullinated Protein antibody testing and the other classic criteria in a score system (the diagnosis of definite rheumatoid arthritis is made by a total score ≥6). These criteria try to meet the pressing needs to gain sensitivity in early disease. Symptoms, elevated acute-phase response, serologic abnormality, joint involvement were all considered for scoring after confirming the presence of synovitis in at least 1 joint in the absence of an alternative diagnosis that better explains the synovitis. However, no sensitivity and specificity has been showed. Moreover, Area Under …