Search results for " Reduction"
showing 10 items of 891 documents
Cross-modal interactions as a strategy to enhance salty taste and to maintain liking of low-salt food: a review.
2019
Salt reduction in foods is becoming an important challenge to preserve population health from severe diseases as recommended by different health agencies worldwide. Among the reduction strategies already evaluated in order to lower sodium salt content in foods, the use of cross-modal interactions between taste and odour, regardless of saltiness, was revealed to be a very promising method to improve saltiness perception. Cross-modal odour-taste interaction, as means to enhance salty taste in foods, is reviewed. Salt-related odours can enhance salty taste in water solutions containing a low level of sodium chloride through odour-induced changes in taste perception. Odour-induced saltiness per…
Testing the Domino Theory of Gene Loss in Buchnera aphidicola: The Relevance of Epistatic Interactions
2018
The domino theory of gene loss states that when some particular gene loses its function and cripples a cellular function, selection will relax in all functionally related genes, which may allow for the non-functionalization and loss of these genes. Here we study the role of epistasis in determining the pattern of gene losses in a set of genes participating in cell envelope biogenesis in the endosymbiotic bacteria Buchnera aphidicola. We provide statistical evidence indicating pairs of genes in B. aphidicola showing correlated gene loss tend to have orthologs in Escherichia coli known to have alleviating epistasis. In contrast, pairs of genes in B. aphidicola not showing correlated gene loss…
Recommendations for clinical monitoring of patients with acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD)
2018
Abstract Background Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD), a rare lysosomal storage disease, results from mutations in SMPD1, the gene encoding acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). As a result, sphingomyelin accumulates in multiple organs including spleen, liver, lung, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and in the most severe form, in the CNS and peripheral nerves. Clinical manifestations range from rapidly progressive and fatal infantile neurovisceral disease, to less rapidly progressing chronic neurovisceral and visceral forms that are associated with significant morbidity and shorter life span due to respiratory or liver disease. Objectives To provide a contemporary guide of clinical assessments for di…
Update and guidance on management of myopia : European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute
2021
The prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. The number of people with myopia in 2020 is predicted to be 2.6 billion globally, which is expected to rise up to 4.9 billion by 2050, unless preventive actions and interventions are taken. The number of individuals with high myopia is also increasing substantially and pathological myopia is predicted to become the most common cause of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide and also in Europe. These prevalence estimates indicate the importance of reducing the burden of myopia by means of myopia control interventions to prevent myopia onset and to slow down myopia progression. Due to the urgency of the situation, t…
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Sleep Disorders, High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Diseases. A Consensus Document by the Italian Society …
2021
Hypertension is a major contributor to fatal/nonfatal cardiovascular diseases, and timely identification and appropriate management of factors affecting hypertension and its control are mandatory public health issues. By inducing neurohormonal alterations and metabolic impairment, sleep disorders have an impact on a variety of cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, and ultimately increase the risk of cardiovascular events. There is evidence that qualitative and quantitative sleep disorders are associated with resistant hypertension and with impaired circadian blood pressure variations. However, sleep disturbances are often unrecognized, or heterogeneity exists in their managem…
European contribution to the study of ROS : A summary of the findings and prospects for the future from the COST action BM1203 (EU-ROS)
2017
WOS: 000410470000009
Efficient Online Laplacian Eigenmap Computation for Dimensionality Reduction in Molecular Phylogeny via Optimisation on the Sphere
2019
Reconstructing the phylogeny of large groups of large divergent genomes remains a difficult problem to solve, whatever the methods considered. Methods based on distance matrices are blocked due to the calculation of these matrices that is impossible in practice, when Bayesian inference or maximum likelihood methods presuppose multiple alignment of the genomes, which is itself difficult to achieve if precision is required. In this paper, we propose to calculate new distances for randomly selected couples of species over iterations, and then to map the biological sequences in a space of small dimension based on the partial knowledge of this genome similarity matrix. This mapping is then used …
People with Disabilities and Disasters
2017
Investigations have collectively established that disasters affect people with disabilities both disproportionately and negatively. In addition, perceived disability status is often associated with stigma, creating a separate and unique barrier across societies and cultures, which can augment vulnerability to disasters. Relevant research is reviewed by academic genesis areas in this chapter, namely; 1) disaster-focused research, 2) mental health, 3) epidemiology and public health, and 4) disability studies. Research emanating from these disciplines reflects different epistemological assumptions about disability as well as varying knowledge about disability as a social and cultural const…
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Self Compassion (SC) Training for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Trial in …
2021
This study aims to develop a clinical trial to test the efficacy of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and self-compassion (SC) program on self-reported values of anxiety, depression, and stress in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in primary school, in order to assess their integration into the framework of community intervention programs in Spain. Methods: A brief 8-week training program using mindfulness-based intervention (MBSR) and self-compassion (SC) has been applied to twelve Valencian ASD parents, ten of whom completed the program. Participants were assigned to two groups
A psychological flexibility -based intervention for burnout : A randomized controlled trial
2020
A novel eight-week program based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) principles was created to alleviate burnout-related ill-being and to enhance well-being. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of the program and explored whether changes in psychological flexibility mediated the results of the intervention. The program consisted of structured weekly face-to-face group meetings and daily practices provided via a website. Employees from varying professional backgrounds with burnout (mean age = 47 years, 79% female), who all received usual treatment, 1 were randomized into control (TAU, n = 80, receiving no other support) and ACT + TAU intervention (n = 88, r…