Search results for " Regulator"

REGULATION OF THE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN IN OUT-OFHOME CARE BY TRUSTEE IN LATVIAN AND INTERNATIONAL POLITICS

2015

This article provides an analysis of the way in which the Latvian regulatory framework in force determines the fulfilment of the needs of the child in out-of-home care by trustee and stability. This analysis indicates that in Latvian legislation the concept of “interests of the child” has not been clearly stated, in this regard, the Latvian legislation provides information of the rights of the child and the fulfilment of his physical needs. The concept of trustee and the existence of the concept is not mentioned. In contrast, international declarations and conventions on the topic of the protection of the rights of the child are much more humanitarian; in those documents, love and understan…

O2 as the regulatory signal for FNR-dependent gene regulation in Escherichia coli

1996

With an oxystat, changes in the pattern of expression of FNR-dependent genes from Escherichia coli were studied as a function of the O2 tension (pO2) in the medium. Expression of all four tested genes was decreased by increasing O2. However, the pO2 values that gave rise to half-maximal repression (pO(0.5)) were dependent on the particular promoter and varied between 1 and 5 millibars (1 bar = 10(5) Pa). The pO(0.5) value for the ArcA-regulated succinate dehydrogenase genes was in the same range (pO(0.5) = 4.6 millibars). At these pO2 values, the cytoplasm can be calculated to be well supplied with O2 by diffusion. Therefore, intracellular O2 could provide the signal to FNR, suggesting that…

Novel isatin-derived molecules activate p53 via interference with Mdm2 to promote apoptosis

2018

International audience; The p53 protein is a key tumor suppressor in mammals. In response to various forms of genotoxic stress p53 stimulates expression of genes whose products induce cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. An E3-ubiquitin ligase, Mdm2 (mouse-double-minute 2) and its human ortholog Hdm2, physically interact with the amino-terminus of p53 to mediate its ubiquitin-mediated degradation via the proteasome. Thus, pharmacological inhibition of the p53-Mdm2 interaction leads to overall stabilization of p53 and stimulation of its anti-tumorigenic activity. In this study we characterize the biological effects of a novel class of non-genotoxic isatin Schiff and Mannich base derivatives (…

Priming for JA-dependent defenses using hexanoic acid is an effective mechanism to protect Arabidopsis against B. cinerea

2011

Abstract Soil drench treatments with hexanoic acid can effectively protect Arabidopsis plants against Botrytis cinerea through a mechanism based on a stronger and faster accumulation of JA-dependent defenses. Plants impaired in ethylene, salicylic acid, abscisic acid or glutathion pathways showed intact protection by hexanoic acid upon B. cinerea infection. Accordingly, no significant changes in the SA marker gene PR-1 in either the SA or ABA hormone balance were observed in the infected and treated plants. In contrast, the JA signaling pathway showed dramatic changes after hexanoic acid treatment, mainly when the pathogen was present. The impaired JA mutants, jin1-2 and jar1 , were unable …

Langerhans Cells Prevent Autoimmunity via Expansion of Keratinocyte Antigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells

2017

Langerhans cells (LCs) are antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis whose roles in antigen-specific immune regulation remain incompletely understood. Desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) is a keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion molecule critical for epidermal integrity and an autoantigen in the autoimmune blistering disease pemphigus. Although antibody-mediated disease mechanisms in pemphigus are extensively characterized, the T cell aspect of this autoimmune disease still remains poorly understood. Herein, we utilized a mouse model of CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmunity against Dsg3 to show that acquisition of Dsg3 and subsequent presentation to T cells by LCs depended on the C-type lectin langerin. The lack of…

cFLIPL Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis-inducing Ligand-mediated NF-κB Activation at the Death-inducing Signaling Complex in Human Ke…

2004

Human keratinocytes undergo apoptosis following treatment with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) via surface-expressed TRAIL receptors 1 and 2. In addition, TRAIL triggers nonapoptotic signaling pathways including activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB, in particular when TRAIL-induced apoptosis is blocked. The intracellular protein cFLIP(L) interferes with TRAIL-induced apoptosis at the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) in many cell types. To study the role of cFLIP(L) in TRAIL signaling, we established stable HaCaT keratinocyte cell lines expressing varying levels of cFLIP(L). Functional analysis revealed that relative cFLIP(L) levels correlat…

Induction of Regulatory T Cells in Leishmania major‒Infected BALB/c Mice Does Not Require Langerin+ Dendritic Cells

2021

Langerhans cells are negative regulators of the anti-Leishmania response

2011

Langerhans cells suppress the immune response to low-dose Leishmania major infection in part by inducing regulatory T cells.

Effects of the insect growth regulator cyromazine on the fecundity, fertility and offspring development of Mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata…

1995

Addition of cyromazine to adult diet affected negatively the development of Ceratitis capitata Wied. (Dipt., Tephritidae) offspring. Five concentrations of cyromazine (0.00001 mg/ml, 0.01 mg/ml, 0.1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml) have been tested. A reduction of Mediterranean fruit fly populations has been found mainly due to the effects of fertility and larval development. At these concentrations, cyromazine does not affect Ceratitis capitata fecundity.

Expression of angiogenic regulators, VEGF and leptin, is regulated by the EGF/PI3K/STAT3 pathway in colorectal cancer cells.

2009

Both leptin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are growth and angiogenic cytokines that are upregulated in different types of cancer and have been implicated in neoplastic progression. Here we investigated the molecular mechanism by which leptin and VEGF expression are regulated in colon cancer by epidermal growth factor (EGF). In colon cancer cell line HT-29, EGF induced the binding of signal transducer and activator transcription 3 (STAT3) to STAT3 consensus motifs within the VEGF and leptin promoters and stimulated leptin and VEGF mRNA and protein synthesis. All these EGF effects were significantly blocked when HT-29 cells were treated with an inhibitor of the phosphoinositide…