Search results for " Research Design"

showing 5 items of 95 documents

Feasibility of future epidemiological studies on possible health effects of mobile phone base stations.

2006

The increasing deployment of mobile communication base stations led to an increasing demand for epidemiological studies on possible health effects of radio frequency emissions. The methodological challenges of such studies have been critically evaluated by a panel of scientists in the fields of radiofrequency engineering/dosimetry and epidemiology. Strengths and weaknesses of previous studies have been identified. Dosimetric concepts and crucial aspects in exposure assessment were evaluated in terms of epidemiological studies on different types of outcomes. We conclude that in principle base station epidemiological studies are feasible. However, the exposure contributions from all relevant …

medicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologybusiness.industryRadio WavesPublic healthBiophysicsGeneral MedicineEnvironmental exposureEnvironmental ExposureSensitivity and SpecificityBase stationMobile phoneEnvironmental healthEpidemiologic Research DesignEpidemiologyMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMobile telephonyPublic HealthbusinessMicrowavesStrengths and weaknessesCell PhoneExposure assessmentBioelectromagnetics
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Exploration into Uric and Cardiovascular Disease: Uric Acid Right for heArt Health (URRAH) Project, A Study Protocol for a Retrospective Observationa…

2018

The relevance of cardiovascular role played by levels of serum uric acid is dramatically growing, especially as cardiovascular risk factor potentially able to exert either a direct deleterious impact or a synergic effect with other cardiovascular risk factors. At the present time, it still remains undefined the threshold level of serum uric acid able to contribute to the cardiovascular risk. Indeed, the available epidemiological case studies are not homogeneous, and some preliminary data suggest that the so-called "cardiovascular threshold limit" may substantially differ from that identified as a cut-off able to trigger the acute gout attack. In such scenario, there is the necessity to clar…

medicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaPrognosiEpidemiologyPopulationDiseaseHyperuricemia030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRisk AssessmentCardiovascular disease; Epidemiology; Uric acid; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Italy; Prognosis; Research Design; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Uric Acid; Internal Medicine; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRetrospective StudieRisk FactorsInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineInternal MedicineHumansHyperuricemiaRisk factoreducationRetrospective Studies030203 arthritis & rheumatologyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryRisk FactorRetrospective cohort studyBiomarkermedicine.diseaseCardiovascular diseasePrognosisUric AcidchemistryItalyCardiovascular DiseasesResearch DesignUric acidCardiovascular disease; Epidemiology; Uric acidbusinessRisk assessmentCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineBiomarkersHumanHigh blood pressurecardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension
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Mid- to Long-Term Outcomes of Cervical Disc Arthroplasty versus Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion for Treatment of Symptomatic Cervical Disc Di…

2015

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the mid- to long-term outcomes of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for the treatment of 1-level or 2-level symptomatic cervical disc disease. Methods Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials that reported mid- to long-term outcomes (at least 48 months) of CDA versus ACDF. All data were analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 software. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for dichotomous variables. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95%CIs were calculated for conti…

medicine.medical_treatmentlcsh:MedicineAnterior cervical discectomy and fusionIntervertebral Disc Degenerationlaw.inventionDatabase and Informatics MethodsMathematical and Statistical Techniques0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawMedicine and Health SciencesDatabase Searchinglcsh:ScienceRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic030222 orthopedicsMultidisciplinaryResearch AssessmentTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureResearch DesignMeta-analysisPhysical SciencesCervical VertebraeIntervertebral Disc DisplacementStatistics (Mathematics)DiskectomyResearch ArticleCervical vertebraemedicine.medical_specialtyDrug Research and DevelopmentSystematic ReviewsClinical Research DesignVisual analogue scaleSurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresResearch and Analysis MethodsArthroplasty03 medical and health sciencesMusculoskeletal System ProceduresDiscectomyConfidence IntervalsmedicineHumansClinical TrialsStatistical MethodsPharmacologybusiness.industrylcsh:RArthroplastyRandomized Controlled TrialsSurgeryRelative risklcsh:QAdverse EventsClinical MedicinebusinessMathematics030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMeta-AnalysisPLoS ONE
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Protective ventilation with high versus low positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery (PROTHOR): study protoc…

2019

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) may result in longer duration of in-hospital stay and even mortality. Both thoracic surgery and intraoperative mechanical ventilation settings add considerably to the risk of PPC. It is unclear if one-lung ventilation (OLV) for thoracic surgery with a strategy of intraoperative high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers (RM) reduces PPC, compared to low PEEP without RM. Methods: PROTHOR is an international, multicenter, randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded, two-arm trial initiated by investigators of the PROtective VEntilation NETwork. In total, 2378 patients will be randomly assigned to one of two diffe…

one-lung ventilationIntraoperative ComplicationMedicine (miscellaneous)Thoracic Surgical Procedurerecruitment maneuverOrvostudományokrespiratory systemThoracic Surgical ProceduresKlinikai orvostudományokthoracic surgeryrespiratory tract diseasesPositive-Pressure RespirationMechanical ventilation; one-lung ventilation; positive end-expiratory pressure; postoperative pulmonary complication; recruitment maneuver; thoracic surgery; Humans; Intraoperative Complications; One-Lung Ventilation; Positive-Pressure Respiration; Research Design; Sample Size; Thoracic Surgical Procedures; Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicMechanical ventilationResearch DesignSample SizeHumansPharmacology (medical)postoperative pulmonary complicationIntraoperative ComplicationsMechanical ventilation; one-lung ventilation; positive end-expiratory pressure; postoperative pulmonary complication; recruitment maneuver; thoracic surgery; Medicine (miscellaneous); Pharmacology (medical)Humanpositive end-expiratory pressureRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic
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Rationale and design of the DARWIN-T2D (DApagliflozin Real World evIdeNce in Type 2 Diabetes): A multicenter retrospective nationwide Italian study a…

2017

Background Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the field of diabetes have limitations inherent to the fact that design, setting, and patient characteristics may be poorly transferrable to clinical practice. Thus, evidence from studies using routinely accumulated clinical data are increasingly valued. Aims We herein describe rationale and design of the DARWIN-T2D (DApagliflozin Real World evIdeNce in Type 2 Diabetes), a multicenter retrospective nationwide study conducted at 50 specialist outpatient clinics in Italy and promoted by the Italian Diabetes Society. Data synthesis The primary objective of the study is to describe the baseline clinical characteristics (particularly HbA1c) of pa…

randomized controlled trial; real-life; retrospective study; sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor; medicine (miscellaneous); endocrinology; diabetes and metabolism; nutrition and dietetics; cardiology and cardiovascular medicineBlood GlucoseTime FactorsGlucosideGlycated Hemoglobin ATime FactorMedicine (miscellaneous)Settore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaEndocrinologyGlucosidesSodium-Glucose Transporter 2Retrospective StudieDiabetes MellitusHumansHypoglycemic AgentsData MiningBenzhydryl CompoundsRandomized controlled trial; Real-life; Retrospective study; Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor; Benzhydryl Compounds; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Data Mining; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Glucosides; Glycated Hemoglobin A; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Italy; Research Design; Retrospective Studies; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Crowdsourcing; Evidence-Based Medicine; Medicine (miscellaneous); Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism; Nutrition and Dietetics; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsRetrospective StudiesGlycated HemoglobinBenzhydryl CompoundNutrition and DieteticsEvidence-Based MedicineHypoglycemic AgentSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorRandomized controlled trial; Real-life; Retrospective study; Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor; Benzhydryl Compounds; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Data Mining; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Glucosides; Glycated Hemoglobin A; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Italy; Research Design; Retrospective Studies; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Crowdsourcing; Evidence-Based MedicineReal-lifeBiomarkerDiabetes and MetabolismRandomized controlled trial; Real-life; Retrospective study; Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor; Benzhydryl Compounds; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Data Mining; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Glucosides; Glycated Hemoglobin A; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Italy; Research Design; Retrospective Studies; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Crowdsourcing; Evidence-Based Medicine; Medicine (miscellaneous); Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism; Nutrition and Dietetics; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineRetrospective studyTreatment OutcomeDiabetes Mellitus Type 2ItalyRandomized controlled trialResearch DesignSodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitorCrowdsourcingCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineBiomarkersType 2Human
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