Search results for " Rotavirus"
showing 10 items of 35 documents
Genetic heterogeneity in the VP7 of group C rotaviruses.
2007
AbstractEvidence for a possible zoonotic role of group C rotaviruses (GCRVs) has been recently provided. To gain information on the genetic relationships between human and animal GCRVs, we sequenced the VP7 gene of 10 porcine strains detected during a large surveillance study from different outbreaks of gastroenteritis in piglets. Four GCRV strains were genetically related to the prototype GCRV porcine Cowden strain. A completely new VP7 genotype included 4 strains (344/04-7-like) that shared 92.5% to 97.0% aa identity to each other, but <83% to human GCRVs and <79% to other porcine and bovine GCRVs. A unique 4-aa insertion (SSSV or SSTI), within a variable region at the carboxy-terminus of…
Detection of a porcine-like rotavirus in a child with enteritis in Italy.
2008
ABSTRACT During a 1-year rotavirus surveillance of children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Brescia Hospital, Italy, a chimerical rotavirus strain, G3P[6], was detected, displaying the VP7 and VP4 genes of porcine origin and the NSP4 and VP6 genes of human origin. The reassortant nature of the virus rules out a direct zoonotic event.
Molecular characterization of the genotype G9 human rotavirus strains recovered in Palermo, Italy, during the winter of 1999-2000
2004
Among the known human rotavirus serotypes, types G1–G4 are ubiquitous and account for >80% of global human rotavirus strains. Since 1994 an increase in reports of G9 serotype isolates has been observed in both developed and developing countries. In the winter season of 1999–2000 we detected the appearance of G9 rotavirus in Palermo, Italy, accounting for 19% of all rotaviruses circulating in our geographical area. Some of these Italian G9 isolates have been submitted to partial sequencing of their VP7 gene. All of them showed complete nucleotide identity suggesting a clonal origin. The Italian VP7 sequences were found to be very closely related to that of other G9 strains recently isolat…
Canine-Origin G3P[3] Rotavirus Strain in Child with Acute Gastroenteritis
2007
Infection by an animal-like strain of rotavirus (PA260/97) was diagnosed in a child with gastroenteritis in Palermo, Italy, in 1997. Sequence analysis of VP7, VP4, VP6, and NSP4 genes showed resemblance to a G3P[3] canine strain identified in Italy in 1996. Dogs are a potential source of human viral pathogens.
Emergence in 2017-2019 of novel reassortant equine-like G3 rotavirus strains in Palermo, Sicily.
2021
Rotavirus A (RVA) is a major etiologic agent of gastroenteritis in children worldwide. Hospital-based surveillance of viral gastroenteritis in paediatric population in Palermo (Italy) from 2017 onwards revealed a sharp increase in G3P[8] RVAs, accounting for 71% of all the RVAs detected in 2019. This pattern had not been observed before in Italy, with G3 RVA usually being detected at rates lower than 3%. In order to investigate this unique epidemiological pattern, the genetic diversity of G3 RVAs identified during a 16-year long surveillance (2004-2019) was explored by systematic sequencing of the VP7 and VP4 genes and by whole genome sequencing of selected G3 strains, representative of the…
Rotavirus surveillance in europe, 2005-2008: web-enabled reporting and real-time analysis of genotyping and epidemiological data.
2009
International audience; BACKGROUND: The first European rotavirus surveillance network, EuroRotaNet, comprising 16 laboratories in 15 European countries, has been established. METHODS: Fecal samples from gastroenteritis cases positive for group A rotavirus antigen were collected from multiple European countries from 2005 to mid-2008 and were subjected to G and P genotyping. Epidemiological data collected included age, sex, geographical location, setting, dates of onset and sample collection, and clinical symptoms. RESULTS: A total of 8879 rotavirus-positive samples were characterized: 2129 cases were from the 2005-2006 season, 4030 from the 2006-2007 season, and 2720 from the ongoing 2007-20…
In vitro reconstitution of rotavirus transcriptional activity using viral cores and recombinant baculovirus expressed VP 6
1993
International audience; Purified baculovirus-expressed group A rotavirus VP6 polypeptide was shown to be active in the recovery of the transcriptase activity associated with the reconstitution of the single-shelled rotavirus particle. Recombinant VP6 polypeptide was able to restore the transcriptional activity in purified viral cores from both SA-11 and RF rotavirus strains. Recombinant group C VP 6 (Cowden strain) is capable of binding as a trimer to group A viral core particles but unable to restore the transcriptase activity, suggesting that the binding of the polypeptide to cores is not the only requirement to restore the transcriptase activity. The VP 6 group A polypeptide was shown to…
Fourteen years’ clinical experience and the first million babies protected with human live-attenuated vaccine against rotavirus disease in Italy
2021
Rotavirus (RV) causes up to half of hospital and community acute gastroenteritis (AGE) cases in young children in Italy. Two RV vaccines, available since 2006, are human RV (HRV) and human bovine RV (HBRV). This report looks back at the implementation of RV vaccination with HRV in Italy, and at HRV current and future perspectives. Initial regional policies led to national implementation by 2018, after scientific societies’ disease awareness efforts. Following vaccination, RV hospitalizations declined significantly, and cost savings were observed. The two-dose HRV vaccine is easily administered during compulsory vaccine visits, helping increase coverage. Intussusception, a serious event in c…
Evaluation of seven immunochromatographic assays for the rapid detection of human rotaviruses in fecal specimens
2007
International audience; Seven commercially available immunochromatographic assays were tested for the rapid detection of group A rotaviruses in fecal samples compared to a enzyme immunoassay (Argene). Detection of rotaviruses in 80 ELISA positive frozen stool samples showed rates superior to 90% for three reagents (Rota Strip (Cypress Diagnostics), 98.8%; Rotascreen (Microgen), 95.0%; VIKIA Rota/Adeno (bioMérieux), 92.5%); from 82.5% to 88.8% for three others (Diarlex with centrifugation (Orion Diagnostica), 88.8%; Combo Rota/Adeno (All Diag), 87.5%; Rota/Adeno Combi Stick (bmd), 82.5%) and only 70.0% for Diarlex with filtration vial (Orion Diagnostica). The evaluation of the specificity, p…
Electropherotypes, subgroups and serotypes of human rotavirus strains causing gastroenteritis in infants and young children in Palermo, Italy, from 1…
1990
During 1985-89, an epidemiological survey was conducted in Palermo, Sicily (Southern Italy) on group A human rotavirus (HRV) strains which cause gastroenteritis in infants and young children. Two hundred and thirty eight HRV strains were characterized for subgroup and serotype using monoclonal-antibody-based ELISA systems, and for electropherotype using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Subgroup II strains were largely predominant, constituting 218/238 of the positive stool samples (91.6%). Among the serotypes, 192/238 strains (80.7%) were serotype 1 and 16 strains (6.7%) were serotype 4; serotype 2 circulated intermittently and serotype 3 was nearly absent (only one subgroup I strain was…