Search results for " SIMULATIONS"

showing 10 items of 243 documents

Conceptual design and simulation of a water Cherenkov muon veto for the XENON1T experiment

2014

XENON is a direct detection dark matter project, consisting of a time projection chamber (TPC) that uses xenon in double phase as a sensitive detection medium. XENON100, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, is one of the most sensitive experiments of its field. During the operation of XENON100, the design and construction of the next generation detector (of ton-scale mass) of the XENON project, XENON1T, is taking place. XENON1T is being installed at LNGS as well. It has the goal to reduce the background by two orders of magnitude compared to XENON100, aiming at a sensitivity of $2 \cdot 10^{-47} \mathrm{cm}^{\mathrm{2}}$ for a WIMP mass of 50 GeV/c$^{2}$. With…

axionsPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectors[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Cherenkov and transition radiationCherenkov detectorPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDark matterDetector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matterchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences01 natural scienceslaw.inventionNuclear physicsXenonWIMPlawCherenkov and transition radiation Detector modelling and simulations Cherenkov detectors Dark Matter detectorsetc.)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsInstrumentationInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Dark Matter detectors (WIMPsMathematical PhysicsCherenkov radiationetc)PhysicsMuonTime projection chamber010308 nuclear & particles physicsCherenkov detectorsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsinteraction of photons with matterInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Cherenkov and transition radiation; Cherenkov detectors; Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs axions etc.); Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter; interaction of hadrons with matter etc); interaction of photons with matter[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]interaction of hadrons with matterchemistryHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsJOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
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Calcium mediated polyelectrolyte adsorption on like-charged surfaces.

2011

International audience; Monte Carlo simulations within the primitive model of calcium-mediated adsorption of linear and comb polyelectrolytes onto like-charged surfaces are described, focusing on the effect of calcium and polyion concentrations as well as on the ion pairing between polymers and calcium ions. We use a combination of Monte Carlo simulations and experimental data from titration and calcium binding to quantify the ion pairing. The polymer adsorption is shown to occur as a result of surface overcharging by Ca2+ and ion pairing between charged monomers and Ca2+. In agreement with experimental observations, the simulations predict that the polymer adsorption isotherm goes through …

titrationInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyCalcium010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesIonQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesinterfacesAdsorptionElectrochemistryGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopypolyelectrolytechemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesQuantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionSurface Chemistry and ColloidsSurfaces and InterfacesPolymerPolymer adsorption021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsPolyelectrolyte0104 chemical sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]chemistryPolyelectrolyte adsorptionChemical physicsadsorptionMonte Carlo SimulationsTitration[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]0210 nano-technologyLangmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
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Thermal disorder and correlation effects in anti-perovskite-type copper nitride

2017

This work has been supported by the Latvian National Research Program IMIS2. The EXAFS experiment has been financed from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement No. 226716 (Project I-20100098 EC). J.T. also gratefully acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under the DMREF program Grant No. CHE-1534184.

Materials sciencePolymers and Plasticschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyReverse Monte CarloCrystal structureNitride01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceRhenium trioxideddc:670Condensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]010306 general physicsAnisotropyPerovskite (structure)Reverse Monte Carlo simulationsExtended X-ray absorption fine structureQuantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionCu3NLattice dynamicsMetals and Alloys021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCopper3. Good healthElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyEXAFSchemistryCeramics and Composites0210 nano-technology
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The positioning system of the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

2012

The ANTARES neutrino telescope, located 40km off the coast of Toulon in the Mediterranean Sea at a mooring depth of about 2475m, consists of twelve detection lines equipped typically with 25 storeys. Every storey carries three optical modules that detect Cherenkov light induced by charged secondary particles (typically muons) coming from neutrino interactions. As these lines are flexible structures fixed to the sea bed and held taut by a buoy, sea currents cause the lines to move and the storeys to rotate. The knowledge of the position of the optical modules with a precision better than 10cm is essential for a good reconstruction of particle tracks. In this paper the ANTARES positioning sys…

Positioning systemDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems architecture hardware algorithms databases)Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fieldsDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams)01 natural sciencesTiming detectorshardwareDetector alignment and calibration methods010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationDETECTOR ALIGMENTMathematical PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsSOUND[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Orientation (computer vision)[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]DetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsTriangulation (computer vision)particle-beams)GeodesyDETECTOR CONTROL SYSTEMDetector modelling and simulations II (electric fields charge transport multiplication and induction pulse formation electron emission etc)Física nuclearNeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenadatabases)sources[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]pulse formationarchitecture[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2DETECTOR MODELLING AND SIMULATIONSDetector modelling and simulations IIalgorithmsPhysics::Geophysics0103 physical sciences14. Life underwaterInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Cherenkov radiationetc)multiplication and inductionBuoyDetector control systems010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systemsMooringcharge transport[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Detector alignment and calibration methods (laserselectron emissionFISICA APLICADAdetector modelling and simulations ii (electric fields; antares neutrino telescope; multiplication and induction; charge transport; pulse formation; electron emission; etc); hardware; architecture; timing detectors; detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems; algorithms; databases); sources; detector alignment; calibration.; acoustic positioning; detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers; particle-beams)
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Electron quantization in arbitrarily shaped Au islands on MgO thin films

2013

Low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy has been employed to analyze the formation of quantum well states (QWS) in two-dimensional gold islands, containing between 50 and 200 atoms, on MgO thin films. The energy position and symmetry of the eigenstates are revealed from conductance spectroscopy and imaging. The majority of the QWS originates from overlapping Au 6p orbitals in the individual atoms and is unoccupied. Their characteristic is already reproduced with simple particle-in-a-box models that account for the symmetry of the islands (rectangular, triangular, or linear). However, better agreement is achieved when considering the true atomic structure of the aggregates via a densit…

STMcomputational nanosciencedftelectronic structure simulations
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CGCG 480-022: A Distant Lonesome Merger?

2006

[EN]We present a complete analysis, which includes morphology, kinematics, stellar populations, and N-body simulations, of CGCG 480-022, the most distant (cz = 14,317 km s-1) isolated galaxy studied so far in such detail. The results all support the hypothesis that this galaxy has suffered a major merger event with a companion of ~0.1 times its mass. Morphology reveals the presence of a circumnuclear ring and possibly further ring debris. The radial velocity curve looks symmetrical, while the velocity dispersion increases with radius, reaching values that do not correspond to a virialized system. Moreover, this galaxy deviates significantly from the fundamental plane and the Faber-Jackson r…

Stellar populationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsKinematicsAstrophysicsabundances [galaxies]kinematics and dynamics [galaxies]galaxies: interactionsgalaxies: kinematics and dynamicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsgalaxies: individual (CGCG 480 022)interactions [galaxies]Instituto de Ciencias del PatrimonioStar formationAstrophysics (astro-ph)Velocity dispersionAstronomy and Astrophysicsindividual (CGCG 480 022) [galaxies]GalaxyInstitute of Heritage SciencesRadial velocitySpace and Planetary ScienceIncipitstructure [galaxies]galaxies: structuregalaxies: abundancesAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsFundamental plane (elliptical galaxies)n-body simulations [methods]methods: n-body simulationsThe Astrophysical Journal
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Histopathology of Skeletal Muscle in a Distal Motor Neuropathy Associated with a Mutant CCT5 Subunit: Clues for Future Developments to Improve Differ…

2023

Genetic chaperonopathies are rare but, because of misdiagnosis, there are probably more cases than those that are recorded in the literature and databases. This occurs because practitioners are generally unaware of the existence and/or the symptoms and signs of chaperonopathies. It is necessary to educate the medical community about these diseases and, with research, to unveil their mechanisms. The structure and functions of various chaperones in vitro have been studied, but information on the impact of mutant chaperones in humans, in vivo, is scarce. Here, we present a succinct review of the most salient abnormalities of skeletal muscle, based on our earlier report of a patient who carried…

General Immunology and Microbiologymuscle pathologydesminmolecular dynamics simulationsmolecular chaperonehuman CCTGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCCT5 mutationdistal neuropathieprotein aggregatechaperone systemimmunohistochemistrychaperonopathieskeletal muscleimmunofluorescenceGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciencesapical domainBiology
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A pulsed high-voltage decelerator system to deliver low-energy antiprotons

2021

International audience; The GBAR (Gravitational Behavior of Antihydrogen at Rest) experiment at CERN requires efficient deceleration of 100 keV antiprotons provided by the new ELENA synchrotron ring to synthesize antihydrogen. This is accomplished using electrostatic deceleration optics and a drift tube that is designed to switch from -99 kV to ground when the antiproton bunch is inside – essentially a charged particle “elevator” – producing a 1 keV pulse. We describe the simulation, design, construction and successful testing of the decelerator device at -92 kV on-line with antiprotons from ELENA.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDrift tubeGeneral RelativityIon-optic simulationsCERN Labdrift tubeAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]Charged-particle opticsfabrication7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesanti-p: decelerationlaw.inventionNuclear physicslaw0103 physical sciencessynchrotronPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAntihydrogennumerical calculationsInstrumentationaccelerator: designPhysicsantihydrogenLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh voltageCharged particleSynchrotron[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]Pulse (physics)beam opticsAntiprotonPhysics::Accelerator Physics
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Charge-Neutral Constant pH Molecular Dynamics Simulations Using a Parsimonious Proton Buffer

2016

In constant pH molecular dynamics simulations, the protonation states of titratable sites can respond to changes of the pH and of their electrostatic environment. Consequently, the number of protons bound to the biomolecule, and therefore the overall charge of the system, fluctuates during the simulation. To avoid artifacts associated with a non-neutral simulation system, we introduce an approach to maintain neutrality of the simulation box in constant pH molecular dynamics simulations, while maintaining an accurate description of all protonation fluctuations. Specifically, we introduce a proton buffer that, like a buffer in experiment, can exchange protons with the biomolecule enabling its…

ProtonprotonationAnalytical chemistryProtonationBuffersMolecular Dynamics Simulation010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBuffer (optical fiber)Molecular dynamics0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryNuclear Experimentta116chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::Biomolecules010304 chemical physicspHQuantitative Biology::Molecular NetworksBiomoleculeProteinsCharge (physics)molecular dynamics simulationselectrostatic environmentHydrogen-Ion Concentration0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationschemistryChemical physicsThermodynamicsTitrationbufferProtonsConstant (mathematics)Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
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Planktonic stages of small pelagic fishes (Sardinella aurita and Engraulis encrasicolus) in the central Mediterranean Sea: The key role of physical f…

2018

Abstract Multidisciplinary studies are recently aiming to define diagnostic tools for fishery sustainability by coupling ichthyoplanktonic datasets, physical and bio-geochemical oceanographic measurements, and ocean modelling. The main goal of these efforts is to understand those processes that control the dispersion and fate of fish larvae and eggs, and thus tuning the inter-annual variability of the biomass of small pelagic fish species. In this paper we analyse the distribution of eggs and larvae as well as the biological features of the two species of pelagic fish, Engraulis encrasicolus and Sardinella aurita in the north-eastern sector of the Sicily Channel (Mediterranean Sea) from ich…

0106 biological sciencesSardinella aurita010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesEngraulis encrasicolusSicily ChannelWind stressAquatic Science01 natural sciencesPotential vorticityEngraulisMediterranean seaEngraulis encrasicolus Ichthyoplankton Lagrangian simulations Mediterranean Sea Potential vorticity Remote sensing Sardinella aurita Sicily Channel Surface temperature and Chlorophyll-a.Mediterranean SeaSardinella0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbiology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyGeologyPelagic zoneIchthyoplanktonPlanktonRemote sensingbiology.organism_classificationLagrangian simulationsSea surface temperatureOceanographySurface temperature and Chlorophyll-aIchthyoplanktonEnvironmental science
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