Search results for " SM"
showing 10 items of 2185 documents
Sister chromatid exchange, (SCE), High-Frequency Cells (HFCs) and SCE distribution patterns in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Spanish adult smokers …
2014
According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, smoking tobacco is a major cause of cancer in humans. It causes about half of all male cancer deaths and an ever increasing number of cancer deaths in females. The aim of this study was to establish whether cigarette smoking increases sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in peripheral blood lymphocytes in two Spanish population groups; light and heavy smokers. The mean number of High-Frequency Cells (HFCs) was determined and, the SCE distribution pattern among the chromosomes was analysed represented by a ratio described below. A local sample of 101 adult smokers (n = 48) and non-smokers (n = 53), aged from 18 to 49 years, was studi…
V2-receptor–mediated relaxation of human renal arteries in response to desmopressin
1999
The effects of deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (desmopressin), a V2 receptor antidiuretic agonist, were studied in isolated rings from branches of renal arteries obtained from 22 patients undergoing nephrectomy. The rings were suspended in organ bath chambers for isometric recording of tension. In precontracted rings with norepinephrine (10(-6) to 3 x 10(-6) mol/L), desmopressin (10(-11) to 3 x 10(-7) mol/L) caused endothelium-dependent relaxation (81%+/-4% reversal of the initial contraction in arteries with endothelium; 20%+/-4% in arteries without endothelium; P < .05). The relaxation to desmopressin in rings with endothelium was reduced significantly by indomethacin (10(-6) mol/L) and …
Clinical significance of autoantibodies to soluble liver antigen in autoimmune hepatitis.
1999
Abstract Background/Aims: Classification of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) into different subgroups according to autoantibody status has been proposed: type I (ANA/SMA), type II (LKM-1) and type III (anti-SLA). However, whether type III AIH forms a clinically distinct disease entity remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the subclassification of AIH into ANA/SMA and anti-SLA positive patients with regard to clinical, biochemical and histologic differences. Methods: Ninety-seven consecutive patients with a well-documented long-term course of AIH with ANA/SMA and/or anti-SLA autoantibodies were studied. Clinical, biochemical and histological features of patients with ANA/SMA…
Do asthmatic smokers benefit as much as non-smokers on budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy? Results of an open label study
2012
SummaryBackgroundStudies with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in smoking asthmatics have mostly shown poorer treatment responses than in non-smoking asthmatics.MethodsEuroSMART, an open, randomised, 6-month study, compared budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort ® Turbuhaler®)hhNeither the Symbicort SMART posology nor the dry powder formulation, Turbuhaler, is currently approved in the US. maintenance and reliever therapy (Symbicort SMART®) at two maintenance doses of budesonide/formoterol (160/4.5 μg), 1 × 2 and 2 × 2, in patients with asthma who were symptomatic despite treatment with ICS ± long-acting β2-agonists. The 8424 randomised patients included 886 smokers (11%; aged <40 years or with a sm…
Smoking and Helicobacter pylori infection: an individual participant pooled analysis (Stomach Cancer Pooling- StoP Project)
2019
Smoking has been associated with acquisition and increased persistence of Helicobacter pylori infection, as well as with lower effectiveness of its eradication. A greater prevalence of infection among smokers could contribute to the increased risk for gastric cancer. We aimed to estimate the association between smoking and seropositivity to H. pylori through an individual participant data pooled analysis using controls from 14 case- control studies participating in the Stomach Cancer Pooling Project. Summary odds ratios and prevalence ratios (PRs), adjusted for age, sex and social class, and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated through random-effects meta-analysis…
Population attributable risk of tobacco and alcohol for upper aerodigestive tract cancer.
2011
Tobacco and alcohol are major risk factors for upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer and significant variation is observed in UADT cancer rates across Europe. We have estimated the proportion of UADT cancer burden explained by tobacco and alcohol and how this varies with the incidence rates across Europe, cancer sub-site, gender and age. This should help estimate the minimum residual burden of other risk factors to UADT cancer, including human papillomavirus. We analysed 1981 UADT cancer cases and 1993 controls from the ARCAGE multicentre study. We estimated the population attributable risk (PAR) of tobacco alone, alcohol alone and their joint effect. Tobacco and alcohol together explaine…
Cytochrome P450 2E1 variable number tandem repeat polymorphisms and health risks: A genotype-phenotype study in cancers associated with drinking and/…
2012
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is one of the main enzymes involved in the oxidation of ethanol and in the transformation of a number of potentially dangerous compounds. It has various polymorphic sites, one of which is a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism previously described in the 5'-flanking region. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotype-phenotype association between CYP2E1 VNTR polymorphisms and risky health habits in healthy subjects and to analyze the associations between these polymorphisms with drinking- and/or smoking-related cancers. We analyzed 166 healthy subjects by genotyping for the CYP2E1 VNTR polymorphism associated with drinking and/or smoking h…
Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption as risk factors for thymoma - A European case-control study
2019
PURPOSE: Hardly anything is known about the aetiology of thymoma. This paper presents data regarding tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption in relation to thymoma from the first case-control study performed on this rare tumour.METHODS: A European multi-centre case-control study including incident cases aged 35-69 years with thymoma between 1995 and 1997, was conducted in seven countries. A set of controls, used in seven parallel case-control studies by the same research group was used, including population-based controls from five countries and hospital controls with colon cancer from two countries. Altogether 103 cases, accepted by a reference pathologist, 712 colon cancer controls, and 2…
Effects of extra-fine inhaled beclomethasone/formoterol on both large and small airways in asthma
2010
BACKGROUND: Airway inflammation in asthma involves both large and small airways, and the combination of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long acting beta-2 agonists (LABA) is the mainstay of therapy. Available inhaled combinations differ in terms of drug delivery to the lung and the ability to reach small airways. Aim: To evaluate whether treatment with an extra-fine inhaled combination provides additional effects vs a nonextra-fine combination on airway function. METHODS: After a 1- to 4-week run-in period, patients with asthma were randomized to a double blind, double dummy, 12-week treatment with either extra-fine beclomethasone/formoterol (BDP/F) 400/24 microg daily or fluticasone prop…
Enteroscopy and its relationship to radiological small bowel imaging
2009
The field of radiological small bowel imaging is changing rapidly, as is small bowel enteroscopy. New techniques allow the depiction of intraluminal, mural, and extraintestinal features of various small bowel disorders, such as Crohn disease, small bowel polyposis syndromes, small intestinal malignancies, and celiac disease. For patients requiring repeated small bowel imaging, modalities that do not use ionizing radiation, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, should be considered.