Search results for " SPORT"

Formation-based modelling and simulation of success in soccer

2018

Abstract The players’ positions of tactical groups in soccer can be mapped to formation-patterns by means of artificial neural networks (Kohonen, 1995). This way, the hundreds of positional situations of one half of a match can be reduced to about 20 to 30 types of formations (Grunz, Perl & Memmert, 2012; Perl, 2015), the coincidences of which can be used for describing and simulating tactical processes of the teams (Memmert, Lemmink & Sampaio, 2017): Developing and changing formations in the interaction with the opponent activities can be understood as a tactical game in the success context of ball control, space control and finally generating dangerous situations. As such it can b…

Participation and performance trends in ultra-triathlons from 1985 to 2009

2010

We examined the changes in participation and performance trends in ultra-triathlons, from the Double Iron (7.6 km swimming, 360 km cycling, 84.4 km running) to the Deca Iron (38 km swimming, 1800 km cycling, 422 km running), between 1985 (first year of a Double Iron) and 2009 (25 years). The mean finish rate for all distances and races was 75.8%. Women accounted for ∼8-10% of the ultra-triathlons starters. For Double and Triple Iron, the number of finishers per year increased, from 17 to 98 and from 7 to 41, respectively. In the Deca Iron, the finishers per race have remained <20 since the first event was held, up to 2009. Concerning World best performances, the men were ∼19% faster than th…

Challenging serve myths in doubles tennis

2021

Doubles tennis has received little interest from quantitative research to date. Coach-led anecdotes therefore abound. The aims of this study were therefore to evaluate the veracity of the following common anecdotes: (a) serving teams have an advantage regardless of the length of the point; (b) serving teams have a greater advantage with new balls; (c) regular teams perform better when serving than new teams and (d) serving teams decrease their performance during break points. Data from doubles hard-court and clay-court tennis were collated for 52 doubles teams during 2018 ATP tournaments. Results revealed that the advantage of serving teams was evident on the points lasting up to 4 shots. …

A Self-Determined Exploration of Adolescents’ and Parents’ Experiences Derived From a Multidimensional School-Based Physical Activity Intervention

2022

Purpose: Adolescents’ and parents’ experiences within a multidimensional school-based physical activity intervention grounded on self-determination theory were explored. Method: Qualitative data from 29 adolescents (aged 15–17 years) and three parents on behalf of the total students’ families were collected via participant observation (research diary), semistructured interviews, and focus groups. Results: Adolescents perceived that the application of motivational strategies, based on self-determination theory, satisfied their basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness, favored self-determined motivation, and gave rise to adaptive consequences (improved physical activ…

Response to letter to the editor by T. D. Noakes

2011

Contribution of sport science to performance: Nordic skiing

2016

Mental Models vs Integrated Models: Explanations of Syllogistic Reasoning

1996

To compare mental versus integrated models explanations of syllogistic reasoning, we administered a multiple-choice questionnaire containing 19 pairs of syllogistic premises with valid conclusions (given in a C-A order) to 72 psychology undergraduates. Association between our integrated models classification and the empirical difficulty of items was strong.

Le sommeil de l’adolescent obèse est-il différent de celui de l’adolescent sportif normo-pondéré ?

2018

Introduction L’obesite est associee a une alteration de la quantite et de la qualite du sommeil, en raison notamment d’un syndrome d’apnees obstructives du sommeil (SAOS) tandis que l’exercice physique (EP) ameliore ces parametres. Chez l’adolescent, une relation inverse entre sommeil paradoxal (SP) et exces de poids est aussi rapportee [1] . Les objectifs de cette etude sont de comparer le sommeil de l’adolescent obese (OB, IMC > 30 kg.m−2) a celui de l’adolescent sportif (SPO, EP ≥ 6 h/semaine) par polysomnographie, et d’evaluer l’impact du SAOS sur l’architecture du sommeil de l’OB. Materiel et methodes Trente-deux adolescents (22 OB : 14,9 ans, IMC = 40,2 kg.m−2 ; 12 SP : 15,7 ans, IMC …

Monitorage de la fréquence cardiaque via un brassard à mesure optique pendant une activité quotidienne : étude préliminaire

2018

Introduction La mesure de la depense energetique (DE) en situation ecologique est un enjeu majeur afin d’optimiser le suivi et/ou la prise en charge du patient. La frequence cardiaque (FC) permet de realiser une estimation fidele de cette DE [1] . Cette mesure se realise habituellement a l’aide d’un holter ou d’une ceinture pectorale avec un cardiofrequencemetre. Recemment, des objets connectes permettent de mesurer la FC sur la base de mesures photopletysmographiques sur le membre superieur, simplifiant ainsi la mesure. L’objet de cette etude est de verifier la faisabilite d’un suivi de la FC a l’aide du capteur optique Polar OH1 (Polar Electro Oy, Finlande). Materiels et methodes Pour cet…

Design and validation of a tennis tool to control on-court technical and tactical training content

2021

In high performance tennis, different aspects like physical-conditioning, strategy-tactic, technical-biomechanical, psychology and skills acquisition have received large attention from the researchers. Nevertheless, the programming, periodization and planning of training sessions and competitions have not been as studied in depth. Coaches still use their experience, trial-error and subjective perceptions as methods of conducting these fundamental tasks. This article presents the design and validation of an instrument to control the technical and tactical training content on-court. The instrument was conceived by 9 experts and validated by 23 experienced coaches, who used on-court tennis ex…