Search results for " STEM"

Efficient Killing of Human Colon Cancer Stem Cells by γδ T Lymphocytes

2009

Abstract Colon cancer comprises a small population of cancer stem cells (CSC) that is responsible for tumor maintenance and resistant to cancer therapies, possibly allowing for tumor recapitulation once treatment stops. We previously demonstrated that such chemoresistance is mediated by autocrine production of IL-4 through the up-regulation of antiapoptotic proteins. Several innate and adaptive immune effector cells allow for the recognition and destruction of cancer precursors before they constitute the tumor mass. However, cellular immune-based therapies have not been experimented yet in the population of CSCs. Here, we show that the bisphosphonate zoledronate sensitizes colon CSCs to Vγ9…

Cytotoxicity of natural products and derivatives toward MCF-7 cell monolayers and cancer stem-like mammospheres

2015

Abstract Although cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are rare, they can enter a non-proliferative or dormant state and resist therapy. Furthermore, quiescent CSCs are responsible for metastases that can appear after curative surgical treatment of a primary tumor. Because of drug resistance of CSCs, the development of novel therapies is urgently required that specifically target CSCs. Purpose The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of a panel of natural products and derivatives to inhibit CSC-enriched mammospheres of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Methods CD44high/CD24low cells were identified by flow cytometry and maintained as mammospheres. As a control, we used two clinically…

Cancer-Initiating Cells from Colorectal Cancer Patients Escape from T Cell-Mediated Immunosurveillance In Vitro through Membrane-Bound IL-4

2014

Abstract Cancer-initiating cells (CICs) that are responsible for tumor initiation, propagation, and resistance to standard therapies have been isolated from human solid tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to obtain an immunological profile of CRC-derived CICs and to identify CIC-associated target molecules for T cell immunotherapy. We have isolated cells with CIC properties along with their putative non-CIC autologous counterparts from human primary CRC tissues. These CICs have been shown to display “tumor-initiating/stemness” properties, including the expression of CIC-associated markers (e.g., CD44, CD24, ALDH-1, EpCAM, Lgr5), multipotency, and tumorigenic…

Paracrine effect of membrane vesicles released by mouse mesoangioblast stem cells

2016

Introduction: Mouse mesoangioblasts are vessel-associated multipotent progenitor stem cells, which are able to differentiate into different mesodermal cell types. In our previous paper, we have demonstrated that mesoangioblasts are able to shed in the extracellular environment membrane vesicles (EVs), which contain both structural proteins and biological factors such as FGF2 and the two gelatinases MMP2/9. We investigated whether these EV interact in a paracrine way with other cell types different from mesoangioblasts, and eventually the effects of this interaction. Methods: Mesoangioblast EVs were collected from conditioned media by ultracentrifugation. Total mRNAs from mesoangioblasts and…

CD40 activity on mesenchymal cells negatively regulates OX40L to maintain bone marrow immune homeostasis under stress conditions

2021

BackgroundWithin the bone marrow (BM), mature T cells are maintained under homeostatic conditions to facilitate proper hematopoietic development. This homeostasis depends upon a peculiar elevated frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and immune regulatory activities from BM-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). In response to BM transplantation (BMT), the conditioning regimen exposes the BM to a dramatic induction of inflammatory cytokines and causes an unbalanced T-effector (Teff) and Treg ratio. This imbalance negatively impacts hematopoiesis, particularly in regard to B-cell lymphopoiesis that requires an intact cross-talk between BM-MSCs and Tregs. The mechanisms underlying the ability of…

Extended characterization of human umbilical cord matrix mesenchymal stem cells: expression of novel markers, immunoregulatory molecules, and differe…

2009

Isolation and characterization of human extraembryonal mesoderm mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord

2007

Audzēja ekstracelulāro vezikulu loma mezenhimālo cilmes šūnu sekrēcijas profila izmaiņās

2017

Ekstarcelulārās vezikulas ir mazi pūslīši, kas tiek atbrīvoti no šūnām un izlaisti starpšūnu vidē. EV satur saimniekšūnu ģenētisko materiālu vai to daļas un caur tām viena šūna var nodot informācijas signālu otrai šūnai, tādā veidā ietekmējot to darbību. Arī vēža šūnas var atbrīvot šādas vezikulas un iedarboties uz blakusesošajām gan saimniekorganisma šūnām, gan pašām vēža šūnām. Caur šādu komunikāciju vēža šūnas var pārnest savu izmainīto ģenētisko materiālu uz normālajām šūnām un pārregulēt to darbības mehānismus, kas darbotos audzēja šūnu labā. Darba mērķis bija noskaidrot vai audzēja EV var izraisīt IL-8 un VEGF sekrēcijas izmaiņas ādas mezenhimālajās cilmes šūnās. Lai to noskaidrotu, I…

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Provide Better Results Than Hematopoietic Precursors for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction

2010

Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to treat myocardial infarction (MI) in a model of permanent left descendent coronary artery (LDA) ligation in nude rats. Background Transplantation of human CD34(+) cells and MSC has been proved to be effective in treating MI, but no comparative studies have been performed to elucidate which treatment prevents left ventricular (LV) remodelling more efficiently. Methods Human bone marrow MSC or freshly isolated CD34(+) cells from umbilical cord blood were injected intramyocardially in infarcted nude rats. Cardiac function was analyzed by echoc…

Stem Cell Therapy

2019

The necessity of improving the health and quality of life of subjects affected by diverse injuries and chronic diseases, has led to develop a new branch of translational medicine, called Regenerative Medicine (RegMed). RegMed has the principal objects of restoring, maintaining or enhancing structures and functions of tissues and organs. In order to achieve these goals, the RegMed researchers have proposed and tested diverse approaches. The Stem Cell Therapy represents the central focus of RegMed, even if its applications may imply the onset of adverse conditions. Here, an overview of this topic will be reported, by pointing advantages and disadvantages.