Search results for " STRESS"

Agro-hydrological models and field measurements to assess the water status of a citrus orchard irrigated with micro-sprinkler and subsurface drip sys…

2021

Compared to the micro-sprinkler irrigation, traditionally used in citrus orchards, subsurface drip systems (SDS) allow increasing the water use efficiency (WUE); when coupled with water-saving strategies, like regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), further increase of WUE are possible. Combining measurements of soil water content (SWC) and weather data with measurements of midday stem water potential (MSWP) makes it possible to identify irrigation scheduling parameters for the RDI. However, measurements of MSWP are destructive and time-consuming, and also require skilled operators. For all these reasons, the use of the agro-hydrological models, such as the FAO-56 model, can be considered a sur…

Recovery and genotyping ancient Sicilian monumental olive trees

2023

The long-lived and evergreen olive tree dominates the Mediterranean landscape, representing an agroecological and cultural symbol and a genetic heritage of inestimable value. Sicily, for historical, geographical, and cultural reasons, has a very rich and distinctive olive germplasm. In this work, a large survey was conducted to discover, collect, and characterize the genetic diversity of centennial monumental olive trees from historical sites, such as the Greek Temple Valley (Agrigento), ancient gardens, or farmland present in the western part of the island. Trees were chosen based on their height, trunk, stump size, and presumed age; particularly, only olive trees with an age estimated at …

Misura e Modellazione degli Scambi Idrici nel Sistema Continuo SPA e approfondimenti sulle Funzioni di Stress Idrico: Applicazione alla coltura dell’…

2010

Gli effetti negativi dovuti ai periodi di aridità che caratterizzano i Paesi del bacino del Mediterraneo (Rebetez et al. 2006) determinano nel suolo una ridotta disponibilità di acqua per le piante e quindi l’insorgenza inevitabile di una forma importante di stress abiotico (Nielsen et al., 1996). In particolare, nel bacino del Mediterraneo l'aridità ambientale viene ancor più accentuata da fattori climatici poiché, in corrispondenza del periodo estivo, alle scarse o assenti precipitazioni sono associate elevate temperature che si traducono in un aumento della domanda evapotraspirativa dell’atmosfera. Tali effetti sono più marcati nelle regioni semiaride del bacino del Mediterraneo e più in…

Comportamento vegeto-produttivo di viti gestite in asciutto e con strategia di deficit idrico controllato realizzato mediante diversi metodi irrigui

2010

Citrus History, Taxonomy, Breeding, and Fruit Quality

2019

In May, every year since 1857, in the great park of Sans-Souci in Potsdam just outside Berlin—a park begun in 1745 by Emperor Frederick II of Hohenzollern and expanded a century later by Frederick William IV—the doors of the great Orangerie open in and a Renaissance-style garden called Sizilianischer Garten is set up. On horse-drawn carriages,large olive and citrus trees are brought outdoors, and are then raised in masters. For the young European who, in the second half of the 18th century and in the first decades of the following, traveled to Italy to see and study Renaissance culture and the remains of Greek civilization, the citrus species and fruits and groves of southern Italy became t…

Tree-to-tree variation in plant-based measurements as indicators of orange water status

2012

A study was conducted in order to determine the sensitivity of measured indicators of the plant water status in a citrus orchard. In ten adult orange (Citrus sinensis) trees, grafted on sour orange (C. aurantium) rootstocks and drip irrigated every second day, sap flow by Granier TDP probes, leaf and xylem water potential, gas exchange and leaf and canopy thermal imaging were hourly monitored all over the day. The evaluations were performed during two separate clear-sky days with different environmental conditions, respectively in the summer and autumn seasons. Variations of environmental components (reference evapotranspiration, solar radiation, vapour pressure deficit and temperature) wer…

STUDIES ON SOME ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL, METABOLIC AND AGRONOMIC ASPECTS OF TREE NUTS

Effetti di diverse concentrazioni di NaCl applicate su Morus nigra L. attraverso la tecnologia dell’incapsulamento

In questo studio è stata valutata l’influenza di differenti condizioni di stress salino sul genotipo “Fontanarossa nera” (Morus nigra L.), applicando la tecnologia del seme sintetico. Le concentrazioni di NaCl pari a 0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 mM, sono state aggiunte alle tre soluzioni (incapsulante, complessante e di lavaggio) costituenti l’endosperma artificiale, utilizzato per rivestire microtalee uninodali di 4 mm di lunghezza. Dopo 45 giorni dalla semina su substrato privo di ormoni, sono state registrate le percentuali di vitalità, ripresa e conversione ed i parametri morfologici (numero e lunghezza di germogli e di radici, callo). Sono state effettuate inoltre, analisi per la stima di ind…

Atti del X Convegno AISSA La valorizzazione del territorio agrario e il controllo del degrado del suolo

2012

INVESTIGATION ON THE GENETIC BASIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN FRUIT TREE CROPS

2021

Plant stress can be divided into two major categories: abiotic stress and biotic stress. Abiotic stress happens when plants are exposed to the environment either physically or chemically. There is an emergency in developing crop varieties that are tolerant to abiotic stresses to ensure food security and safety in the coming years. Multiple abiotic stress like drought, heat, frost at flowering and nutrient deficiency can cause an erratic fruiting behavior or following extreme events, the death of the plants. Plants require an optimal level of nutrients and essential minerals for their growth and development that are mainly acquired from soil by their roots. Nutrient deficiency is an environm…