Search results for " STRESS"

Redox regulation of E3 ubiquitin ligases and their role in skeletal muscle atrophy

2015

Muscle atrophy is linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during hindlimb-unloading due, at least in part, to the activation of xanthine oxidase (XO). The major aim of our study was to determine the mechanism by which ROS cause muscle atrophy and its possible prevention by allopurinol, a well-known inhibitor of XO widely used in clinical practice, and indomethacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. We studied the activation of p38 MAP Kinase and NF-?B pathways, and the expression of two E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in proteolysis, the Muscle atrophy F-Box (MAFb) and Muscle RING Finger-1 (MuRF-1). Male Wistar rats (3 mold) conditioned by 14 days of hindlimb unloading (n=18),…

Senescence and longevity : from physiological mechanisms to evolutionary processes : studies in birds and mammals

2012

There is an incredible diversity of lifespan in the animal kingdom ranging from a few days for small gastrotrichs worms to several hundred of years for some bivalves or tortoises. This amazing diversity has long questioned biology researchers. The growing interest in the phenomenon of aging, mainly due to the increase in life expectancy in humans, has questioned researchers on processes that determine patterns of longevity and ageing. On the one hand, biomedical and biogerontological studies helped describe numerous cellular and physiological mechanisms related to aging. Among these mechanisms, oxidative stress has been identified as playing a major role, through life-time accumulation of d…

Effect of sublethal concentrations of copper sulphate on seabreamSparus auratafingerlings

2007

The gilthead seabream is the most important Mediterranean aquacultured fish species. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether copper sulphate bath treatments used routinely in aquaculture have effects on important physiological functions of early life stages of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Fingerlings (80-90 days, 0.27 ± 0.06 g) were exposed to copper sulphate baths at 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.5 mg L −1 during 24 h. Effects on the central nervous function were evaluated analysing brain acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE). Oxidative stress was assessed by the quantification of lipid peroxidation (LP). Heat shock proteins (HSP70) were used as a general response to chem…

Itch in the era of COVID‐19 pandemic: An unfolding scenario

2020

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is an infectious disease, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐CoV‐2, that broke out in December 2019. In just 4 months it has spread to almost every country in the world and up to April 18, 2020, the virus has infected more than two million people. Itch is the most common symptom in dermatology and a frequent one of systemic diseases. The association of itch and viral diseases has been widely documented; however, the actual prevalence of itch in the patients suffering from new the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is still unknown. In this paper, we present a review of the available literature on the topic of itch in the affected population. Mo…

The Fluorescence Explorer (FLEX) Mission: From Spectral Measurements to High-Level Science Products

2021

The Fluorescence Explorer (FLEX) mission was selected in 2015, by the European Space Agency (ESA), as an Earth Explorer mission, with a launch planned for 2024. The key scientific objective of the mission is the quantitative global mapping of actual photosynthetic activity of terrestrial ecosystems, as a function of variable vegetation health status and environmental stress conditions. The measurements will have a spatial resolution of 300 m, adequate to resolve land surface processes associated to vegetation dynamics at a global scale. To be able to accomplish such objective, the FLEX mission carries the FLORIS spectrometer, specially optimized to map vegetation fluorescence with a spectra…

Evaluation of carbamazepine uptake and metabolization by Typha spp., a plant with potential use in phytotreatment

2011

Abstract Phytoremediation technologies such as constructed wetlands have shown higher efficiencies in removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewaters than conventional wastewater treatment processes, and plants seem to have an important role in the removal of some of those compounds. In this context, a study was conducted to assess tolerance, uptake, and metabolism of the epilepsy drug, carbamazepine, by the macrophyte Typha spp. This evaluation was conducted in hydroponic solutions with 0.5–2.0 mg/L of this pharmaceutical for a maximum period of 21 days. The removal of carbamazepine from nutrient solutions by the plants reached values of 82% of the initial contents. Furthermore, a metabolite (…

Music and speech prosody: a common rhythm

2013

Disorders of music and speech perception, known as amusia and aphasia, have traditionally been regarded as dissociated deficits based on studies of brain damaged patients. This has been taken as evidence that music and speech are perceived by largely separate and independent networks in the brain. However, recent studies of congenital amusia have broadened this view by showing that the deficit is associated with problems in perceiving speech prosody, especially intonation and emotional prosody. In the present study the association between the perception of music and speech prosody was investigated with healthy Finnish adults (n = 61) using an on-line music perception test including the Scal…

Concentration of glutathione and expression of glutathione peroxidases 1 and 4 in fresh sperm provide a forecast of the outcome of cryopreservation o…

2004

Oxidative stress imbalance potentially leads to damage of the structure of the cell and macromolecules such as plasma membrane components, proteins, and DNA. The plasma membrane of the sperm cell, which has high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, renders it particularly sensitive to free radical–mediated attacks. The freezing and subsequent thawing of sperm is a physically stressful process carried out during routine procedures in assisted reproduction techniques, which results in a highly variable and unpredictable reduction in the number of motile sperm cells. Subsequently, oxidative status can positively or negatively affect the motility, viability, and fertilizing capacity of thawed…

Spessore intimo-mediale, fetuina-A, attivazione endoteliale e stress ossidativo in ipertesi con differenti gradi di funzione renale

2007

The value of Phosphohistone H3 as a cell proliferation marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma. A comparative study with Ki-67 and the mitotic activit…

2022

The Phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) antibody is recognized as a biomarker of cell proliferation, specific for cells in mitosis, of prognostic value in different malignant neoplasms, however it has been poorly studied in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the immunoexpression of the PHH3 in the OSCC, through the correlation with the immunoexpression of Ki-67, the mitotic activity index (MAI), histological grading, clinical-morphological parameters and the rate of survival. The study sample consisted of 62 cases of OSCC diagnosed in the Pathological Anatomy Laboratory of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Republic (Uruguay). In each of them…