Search results for " Salinity"

showing 10 items of 141 documents

Native-Invasive Plants vs. Halophytes in Mediterranean Salt Marshes: Stress Tolerance Mechanisms in Two Related Species

2016

Dittrichia viscosa is a Mediterranean ruderal species that over the last decades has expanded into new habitats, including coastal salt marshes, ecosystems that are per se fragile and threatened by human activities. To assess the potential risk that this native-invasive species represents for the genuine salt marsh vegetation, we compared its distribution with that of Inula crithmoides, a taxonomically related halophyte, in three salt marshes located in “La Albufera” Natural Park, near the city of Valencia (East Spain). The presence of D. viscosa was restricted to areas of low and moderate salinity, while I. crithmoides was also present in the most saline zones of the salt marshes. Analyses…

0106 biological sciencesWater stress toleranceDrought toleranceBOTANICAdrought tolerancePlant ScienceBiologylcsh:Plant culture010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesInvasive speciesHalophyteBotanyDittrichia viscosaBIOQUIMICA Y BIOLOGIA MOLECULARRuderal specieslcsh:SB1-1110Original ResearchBIOLOGIA VEGETALgeographyInula crithmoidesgeography.geographical_feature_categoryDittrichia viscosabiology.organism_classificationNative-invasive speciesSalinity toleranceSalinityOsmolytesOsmolyteOxidative stressSalt marshToxic ions010606 plant biology & botanyDittrichia viscosa; Inula crithmoides; Native-invasive species; Osmolytes; Oxidative stress; Salinity tolerance; Toxic ions; Water stress tolerance
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Thermomineral waters of Greece: geochemical characterization

2020

75 °C). In terms of pH most results vary from 5.5 to 823 °C) ii) warm (23 40 °C) iii) thermal (40 75 °C) and iv) hyperthermal (&gtfew springs show either very low pH (&lt10) proposing serpentinization processes. Regarding TDS concentrations collected waters can be subdivided into low salinity (up to 1.5 g/L) brackish (up to 20 g/L) and saline (up to 43 g/L). The medium high salinities can be justified by mixing with sea water and/or strong waterrock interaction processes. Isotope composition of O and H ranges from 12.7 to +2.7 ‰ SMOW and from 91 to +12 ‰ SMOW respectively and is generally comprised between the Global Meteoric Water Line and the East Mediterranean Meteoric Water Line. Only few water samples show a positive shift for δ18O possibly related to high temperature waterrock interaction processes. Carbon dioxide (18 997000 μmol/mol) or N2 (1100 989000 μmol/mol) or CH4 (&ltMany geothermal areas of Greece are located in regions affected by Miocene or Quaternary volcanism and in continental basins characterised by elevated heat flow. Moreover the majority of them is found along the coast as well as in islands of the Aegean Sea and thus thermal water is often brackish to saline due to marine intrusion into costal aquifer. In the present study almost 300 thermal and cold mineral water samples were collected along the Hellenic territory with their physicochemical parameters (temperature pH electrical conductivity and Eh) and the amount of bicarbonates (titration with 0.1N HCl) being determined in situ. Additionally gases found either in free or dissolved phase were sampled. Both water and gas samples were analysed at the INGVPa laboratories for major ions (Ion Chromatography) silica (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) chemical composition of free and dissolved gases (Gas Chromatography) water isotopes (O and H) and carbon and helium isotopes of free and dissolved gases (Mass Spectrometry). The temperature of the investigated waters ranges from 6.5 to 98°C pH from 1.96 to 11.98 whilst Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 0.06 to 43 g/L. Based on the temperature parameter waters can be divided into four groups: i) cold (&lt0.5 913000 μmol/mol) are the prevailing gas species found in the studied sites. The δ13CCO2 values ranged from 20.1 to +8.5 ‰ whilst the isotope ratio of He from 0.21 to 6.71 R/RA.4) suggesting interaction with H2Srich gases or very high pH values (&gtSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Carbonate/evaporitic sedimentation during the Messinian salinity crisis in active accretionary wedge basins of the northern Calabria, southern Italy

2020

Abstract This work deals with Messinian deposits belonging to the Neogene infill of the Rossano and Belvedere Basins, respectively developed along the fore-arc and the back-arc areas of the north Calabria accretionary wedge. The main goal is to characterize the carbonate and evaporitic sedimentation during the Messinian Salinity Crisis, in the general framework of the basin architecture and the interplay between eustatic vs tectonic controlled sea-level variations. Fieldwork integrated with seismic lines and well logs interpretations led to the revision of the general stratigraphy of the basins and the proposal of a new sequential stratigraphic model driven by cyclic sea-level variations. E…

Accretionary wedgeSettore GEO/02 - Geologia Stratigrafica E SedimentologicaEvaporiteTerrigenous sedimentStratigraphyGeochemistryCalabriaGeologySettore GEO/01 - Paleontologia E PaleoecologiaStructural basinOceanographyNeogeneSea level changeschemistry.chemical_compoundTectonicsGeophysicschemistryMessinian salinity crisiCarbonateEconomic GeologyCarbonate sedimentEvaporitic sedimentGeologyMarine transgressionMarine and Petroleum Geology
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Acquatina Lagoon: a model ecosystem to study community patterns

2013

Acquatina is a small lagoon ecosystem (0.45 km2) located on the Adriatic coast only 5 km north of Lecce (Italy). The lagoon has a freshwater input in the northern part and a connection with the sea at the south edge, being characterised by a latitudinal gradient of salinity and an internal patchiness of habitats. Here, we have used the lagoons as a model to study the influence of these sources of variation on the spatial distribution of macrobenthis and fish fauna, using both taxonomic and on taxonomic descriptors. Results showed a non random distribution of both species and functional traits of macroinvertebrate and fish fauna within the lagoon, despite the relatively small surface area. S…

Acquatina Lagoon habitat patchiness gradient of salinity functional traits macroinvertebrates fish fauna niche specialisation trophic energy partitioninglagoon macroinvertebrate fishspatial distribution
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Effectiveness the source of nitrogen from NO3 and NH4 for Panicum maximum Jacq. growth in saline soil

2019

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the source of nitrogen used by Panicum maximum Jacq. plants in salt soil. Experimenting pots in a greenhouse with a medium of saline soil. The 2 × 3 factorial design is used in repeated trials. The first factor is calcium sulfate (0 and 2 t ha−1), the second factor is N fertilizer includes (a) without nitrogen = N0, (b) 60 kg N of potassium nitrate (KNO3) and (c) 60 kg N of ammonium sulfate (NH4SO4). The parameters observed were nitrogen uptake, constant growth rate (CGR), biomass yield, crude protein content, NDF, and ADF. The interaction of calcium sulfate and nitrate fertilizer increases CGR, biomass yield, N, CP and NDF uptake. Interac…

Ammonium sulfateSoil salinitybiologychemistry.chemical_elementPotassium nitrateengineering.materialbiology.organism_classificationNitrogenchemistry.chemical_compoundAnimal sciencechemistryNitrateengineeringAmmoniumFertilizerPanicumIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
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Freshening of the Alaska Coastal Current recorded by coralline algal Ba/Ca ratios

2011

Arctic Ocean freshening can exert a controlling influence on global climate, triggering strong feedbacks on ocean‐atmospheric processes and affecting the global cycling of the world’s oceans. Glacier‐fed ocean currents such as the Alaska Coastal Current are important sources of freshwater for the Bering Sea shelf, and may also influence the Arctic Ocean freshwater budget. Instrumental data indicate a multiyear freshening episode of the Alaska Coastal Current in the early 21st century. It is uncertain whether this freshening is part of natural multidecadal climate variability or a unique feature of anthropogenically induced warming. In order to answer this, a better understanding of past var…

Atmospheric Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesTemperature salinity diagramsSoil ScienceAquatic Science010502 geochemistry & geophysicsOceanography01 natural sciencesGeochemistry and PetrologySclerochronologyEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)14. Life underwaterGlacial periodPrecipitation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesWater Science and TechnologyEcologybiologyOcean currentPaleontologyCoralline algaeForestrybiology.organism_classificationGeophysicsOceanographyArctic13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceGeologyPacific decadal oscillationJournal of Geophysical Research
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Autocorrelation Metrics to Estimate Soil Moisture Persistence From Satellite Time Series: Application to Semiarid Regions

2021

Satellite-derived soil moisture (SM) products have become an important information source for the study of land surface processes in hydrology and land monitoring. Characterizing and estimating soil memory and persistence from satellite observations is of paramount relevance, and has deep implications in ecology, water management, and climate modeling. In this work, we address the problem of SM persistence estimation from microwave sensors using several autocorrelation metrics that, unlike traditional approaches, build on accurate estimates of the autocorrelation function from nonuniformly sampled time series. We show how the choice of the autocorrelation estimator can have a dramatic impac…

Autocorrelation0211 other engineering and technologiesEstimator02 engineering and technology15. Life on landScatterometer6. Clean waterPhysics::GeophysicsAdvanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR2) Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) autocorrelation e-folding time Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Lomb-Scargle periodogram microwave sensors persistence soil moisture Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) spatial-temporal13. Climate actionConsistency (statistics)General Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceClimate modelSatelliteElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTransectPersistence (discontinuity)021101 geological & geomatics engineeringRemote sensingIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Limitations to plant establishment on eroded slopes in southeastern Spain

2000

10 páginas, 3 figuras, 3 tablas, 1 apéndice.

BadlandSoil salinitySoil salinityEcologybiologyEcologyGerminationPlant ScienceVegetationbiology.organism_classificationAridSeedling dynamicsSalinityAgronomyGerminationSeedlingSoil waterSoil water dynamicsEnvironmental sciencePlant colonizationRevegetationJournal of Vegetation Science
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The Messinian stromatolites of the Sierra del Colmenar (Western Mediterranean): facies characterization and sedimentological interpretation

2018

A representative outcrop of the Messinian stromatolites belonging to the Terminal Carbonate Complex unit, from the northern sector of the Bajo Segura basin (Caja de Ahorros del Mediterraneo section, Sierra del Colmenar, SE Spain) has been studied. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the architecture, external morphology, and internal morphology in order to reconstruct the environmental and palaeoecological conditions for their growth. The stromatolites macrostructure consists of a continuously doming type morphology (build up and sheets areas).These developed close to the coast and acted as a palaeogeographic barrier, reducing physical stress, channeling the erosive effect of water and …

Bajo Segura basinWestern MediterraneanMediterranean climate010506 paleontologyOutcropDominglcsh:MedicineEstratigrafíaMarine BiologyMessinian Salinity CrisisStructural basinGeociencias multidisciplinaria010502 geochemistry & geophysicsNeogene01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCiencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https]Paleontologychemistry.chemical_compoundStromatolitesCarbonate sedimentologyMicrobial matBajo Segura basin Neogene0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Neurosciencelcsh:RPaleontologyGeneral MedicineStromatolites Messinian Salinity CrisischemistryFaciesCarbonateTerminal Carbonate ComplexNeogeneGeneral Agricultural and Biological Scienceswestern MediterraneanCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASGeologyPeerJ
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GREEN ENERGY HARVESTING FROM CONCENTRATED SALTWORKS BITTERNS BY REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS

2022

Concentrated bitterns discharged from saltworks have extremely high salinity, often up to 300 g/L, thus their direct disposal not only can have harmful effect on the environment, but also generates a depletion of a potential resource of renewable energy. Here, reverse electrodialysis (RED), an emerging electrochemical membrane process, is introduced to capture the salinity gradient power (SGP) intrinsically conveyed by these bitterns also aiming at the reduction of concentrated salty water disposal. A RED unit at the laboratory scale has been adopted to study the SGP potential with different ion exchange membrane and different operating conditions. In particular, membranes supplied by Fujif…

Brine Salinity gradient power RED salty water
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