Search results for " Scanning"

showing 10 items of 988 documents

Comparison among superconducting models for β″-ET4[(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3]·C6H5Br single crystals by scanning tunnelling spectroscopy

2008

Single crystals of the novel superconductor beta ''-(BEDT-TTF)(4)[(H3O)Fe(C2O4)(3)]center dot C6H5Br charge-transfer salt were studied using a scanning tunnelling microscope. The measured samples have an onset critical temperature of about 4.0 K. Features often reported on similar compounds were observed in the tunnelling spectra at 1.4 K. STS spectra are compared with several models for the superconducting density of states. Our analysis evidences inhomogeneous superconductivity and indicates that the presence of a magnetic layer into the sample plays a role in determining the superconducting spectroscopic features. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

SuperconductivityMicroscopeChemistryScanning electron microscopeScanning tunneling spectroscopyAnalytical chemistrysuperconductivity organic materialsBEDT-TTF Organic superconductors Scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy Abrikosov Gorkov theoryGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionOrganic superconductorsTunnel effectScanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopylawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityDensity of statesGeneral Materials ScienceScanning tunneling microscopeBEDT-TTFQuantum tunnellingSolid State Sciences
researchProduct

Supercritical fluid crystallization of adipic acid using urea as habit modifier

2008

The crystal morphology of adipic acid mediated by the action of urea as additive has been investigated using the supercritical antisolvent precipitation (SAS). The process was performed using acetone and carbon dioxide as solvent and antisolvent, respectively. The effect of urea concentration in the liquid solution and of precipitation pressure on the crystal habit was investigated; the products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). Urea was found to be very effective in modifying the crystal habit of adipic acid from needle-like shape with a length of several hun…

Supercritical fluidsadipic acidAdipic acidcrystallizationChemistryPrecipitation (chemistry)General ChemistryCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsSupercritical fluidlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyDifferential scanning calorimetrylawUreaGeneral Materials ScienceCrystal habitCrystallizationNuclear chemistry
researchProduct

Optical near-field microscopy of light focusing through a photonic crystal flat lens

2008

We report here the direct observation by using a scanning near-field microscopy technique of the light focusing through a photonic crystal flat lens designed and fabricated to operate at optical frequencies. The lens is fabricated using a III-V semiconductor slab, and we directly visualize the propagation of the electromagnetic waves by using a scanning near-field optical microscope. We directly evidence spatially, as well as spectrally, the focusing operating regime of the lens. At last, in light of the experimental scanning near-field optical microscope pictures, we discuss the lens ability to focus light at a subwavelength scale.

SuperlensMaterials sciencebusiness.industryFlat lensNear-field opticsPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsLens (optics)Optical axis[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]Opticslaw0103 physical sciencesMicroscopyOptoelectronicsNear-field scanning optical microscope010306 general physicsbusinessPhotonic crystal
researchProduct

In vitro performances and cellular uptake of clarithromycin nanocrystals produced by media milling technique

2018

Abstract Nanocrystal technology is one of a promising approach used to improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. In this study, media milling technique was used to produce clarithromycin nanocrystals via a bead milling machine. Various sizes of clarithromycin nanocrystals (250 nm–1 μm) were prepared using different milling times. The polymorphism and crystallinity of nanocrystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The results indicated no polymorphic change after the milling process. However, the crystallinity of the obtained nanocrystals slightly decreased upon the milling time. The kinetic saturation solubili…

SupersaturationMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical Engineering02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology030226 pharmacology & pharmacy03 medical and health sciencesCrystallinity0302 clinical medicineDifferential scanning calorimetryChemical engineeringNanocrystalMonolayerParticle sizeSolubility0210 nano-technologyDissolutionPowder Technology
researchProduct

Near‐field optical addressing of single molecules in coplanar geometry: a theoretical study

2001

Photonic transfer through elongated optical structures of submicrometre section microfabricated at the surface of dielectric or semiconductor samples can be enhanced by an appropriate structuring of the local refraction index. We show from computerized simulations that both the light localization and the spectroscopic properties of such structures can be used to selectively excite, in coplanar geometry, individuals molecules located in the near-field.

Surface (mathematics)HistologyMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsNear and far fieldGeometryDielectricPathology and Forensic MedicineOpticsSemiconductorMoleculeNear-field scanning optical microscopePhotonicsbusinessRefractive indexComputer Science::DatabasesJournal of Microscopy
researchProduct

3D shape extraction of internal and external surfaces of glass objects

2013

Three-dimensional (3D) digitization of manufactured objects has been investigated for several years and consequently, many techniques have been proposed. Even if some techniques have been successfully commercialized, most of them assume a diffuse or near diffuse reflectance of the object’s surface, and difficulties remain for the acquisition of “optically non cooperative” surfaces, such as transparent or specular ones. To address such surfaces, we propose a non conventional technique, called “Scanning from Heating” (SfH). In contrast to classical active triangulation techniques that acquire the reflection of visible light, we measure the thermal emission of the heated surface. The aim of th…

Surface (mathematics)Materials science[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformbusiness.industry[INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingMeasure (physics)[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Triangulation (computer vision)transparent objects[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Optics[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV][INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processingglass depthReflection (physics)Diffuse reflectionSpecular reflection3D scanningbusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSVisible spectrum[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
researchProduct

Application of fractal geometry to dissolution kinetic study of a sweetener excipient

2001

Abstract In the context of relationship study between dissolution kinetic and particle morphology using the fractal geometry tool, we use a commercially available quality of saccharin powder. The characterization of molecular feature and image analysis study allows us to conclude to the statistic self-similarity of particles of four sieved particles size fractions, permitting the fractal approach. Calculation of reactive fractal dimension is performed using two forms of mass transfer equation: −d Q /d t = kQ D R /3 Δ C and −d Q /d t = k′R D R −3 Δ C , with Δ C ={ C f /[ln  C s /( C s − C f )]}. Based on comparison of the surface fractal dimension D S on the two values of reactive fractal di…

Surface (mathematics)Surface Properties[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringPharmaceutical ScienceThermodynamicsMineralogyContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyKinetic energyFractal dimensionExcipientsFractalSaccharin020401 chemical engineeringX-Ray DiffractionMass transfer[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering0204 chemical engineeringParticle SizeDissolutionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSChemistry[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFractalsMicroscopy Electron ScanningParticle0210 nano-technology
researchProduct

A refined range image registration technique for multi-stripe laser scanner

2006

Nowadays, visual inspection is very important in the quality control for many industrial applications. However, the complexity of most 3D objects constrains the registration of range images; a complete surface is required to compare the acquired surface to the model. Range finders are very used to digitalize free form shape objects with large resolutions. Moreover, one single view is not enough to reconstruct the whole surface due to occlusions, shadows, etc. In these situations, the motion between reconstructed partial views are required to integrate all surfaces in a single model. However, the use of positioning systems is not always available or adequate due mainly to the size of the obj…

Surface (mathematics)Visual inspectionRange (mathematics)Laser scanningComputer sciencebusiness.industryShadowImage registrationComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessMotion (physics)SPIE Proceedings
researchProduct

Systematic Error Correction of a 3D Laser Scanning Measurement Device

2011

International audience; Non-contact measurement techniques using laser scanning have the advantage of fast acquiring large numbers of points. However, compared to their contact-based counterparts, these techniques are known to be less accurate. The work presented in this paper aims at improving the accuracy of these techniques through an error correction procedure based on an experimental process that concerns mechanical parts. The influence of the three parameters defining the relative position and the orientation between the sensor and the surface is studied. The process used to build an experimental global model of error is presented and applied to a typical part composed of planes or sk…

Surface (mathematics)[ SPI.MECA.GEME ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph]0209 industrial biotechnologyWork (thermodynamics)Laser scanningComputer science[PHYS.MECA.GEME]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph]02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 optics3D inspection020901 industrial engineering & automationOpticsPosition (vector)0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringLaser scanningOrientation (computer vision)business.industryMechanical EngineeringProcess (computing)uncertaintieserrors correctionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials[SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph][ PHYS.MECA.GEME ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph]Measurement uncertaintyError detection and correctionbusinessAlgorithm
researchProduct

Chitosomes as drug delivery systems for C-phycocyanin: preparation and characterization.

2010

The aim of this work was to investigate chitosomes, i.e. liposomes coated by a polyelectrolyte complex between chitosan (CH) and xantan gum (XG), as potential delivery system for oral administration of the protein C-phycocyanin. To this purpose several CH-XG-microcomplexes were prepared in aqueous lactic acid at different chitosan-xanthan gum percent ratios and rheological properties of the microcomplexes were studied to analyse the contribution of chitosan and xanthan gum in the reaction of microcomplexation. After establishing the best microcomplexes, chitosomes were prepared by coating C-phycocyanin loaded liposomes with the CH-XG hydrogels using spray-drying or freeze-drying. The chitos…

Surface PropertiesDrug CompoundingPharmaceutical Sciencemacromolecular substancesPharmacologyIn Vitro TechniquesModels BiologicalChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsZeta potentialmedicineAnimalsIntestinal MucosaParticle SizeRats WistarActive ingredientLiposomeChitosanPolysaccharides BacterialPhycocyaninHydrogelsElasticityRatschemistryChemical engineeringSolubilityDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug deliverySelf-healing hydrogelsLiposomesMicroscopy Electron ScanningSwellingmedicine.symptomRheologyXanthan gummedicine.drugTabletsInternational journal of pharmaceutics
researchProduct