Search results for " Schizophrenia"
showing 10 items of 81 documents
Savoxepine: invalidation of an "atypical" neuroleptic response pattern predicted by animal models in an open clinical trial with schizophrenic patien…
1991
The new tetracyclic compound savoxepine exhibits potent antidopaminergic effects with preferential activity in the hippocampus as compared to striatum in rat brain. As a result of behavioural animal models and regional differences in dopamine receptor binding characteristics, it has been suggested to possess an "atypical" neuroleptic response pattern. In an open clinical trial, savoxepine was administered to 12 in-patients suffering from paranoid schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder (DSM-III). Eight patients were treated with a stable dose of 0.5 mg per day throughout the study, while in the remaining patients higher doses up to 20 mg/day were administered. Mean total BPRS scores and…
Prediction of acute clinical response following a first episode of non affective psychosis: results of a cohort of 375 patients from the Spanish PAFI…
2013
Abstract Objective Predicting response to antipsychotic treatment might optimize treatment strategies in early phases of schizophrenia. We aimed to investigate sociodemographic, premorbid and clinical predictors of response to antipsychotic treatment after a first episode of non-affective psychosis. Method 375 (216 males) patients with a diagnosis of non affective psychosis entered the study. The main outcome measure was clinical response at 6 weeks and variables at baseline were evaluated as predictors of response. ANOVA for continuous and chi-square for categorical data were used to compare responders and non-responders. Multivariate logistic regression was used to establish a prediction …
The relevance of cognitive, clinical and premorbid variables in predicting functional outcome for individuals with first-episode psychosis: A 3 year …
2013
Real-world functional deficits are common and persistent in individuals with psychosis. Cognitive deficits have been shown to compromise functioning. We aimed to study the predictive values of premorbid, sociodemographic, and baseline clinical and neurocognitive factors on long-term functional outcome for individuals with first episode non-affective psychosis. We failed to demonstrate a significant relationship between cognitive deficits at baseline and functional disability at 3 year follow-up. Diagnosis of schizophrenia (OR=2.457, p=0.011), shorter education (OR=1.177, p=0.005) and poor premorbid social adjustment (OR=1.628, p=0.013) emerged as the strongest predictors for the 114 subject…
Detection of Depression in Acute Schizophrenia: Sensitivity and Specificity of 2 Standard Observer Rating Scales
2006
Objective: To compare the psychometric properties of the Calgary Depression Rating Scale (CDRS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) for severity assessment of depression in acute schizophrenia. Method: During clinical routine treatment, we investigated 119 inpatients with acute schizophrenia, using the CDRS, the HDRS, and a global 4-point Depression Severity Scale (DEP-SEV). We compared CDRS and HDRS sum scores regarding their diagnostic accuracy, with global severity of depression as the criterion. We estimated sensitivity and specificity on the basis of receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: According to global clinical ratings (DEP-SEV), 31% of patients had no dep…
A SCAN-SADS comparison study of psychotic subjects and their first-degree relatives
1993
Two diagnostic interviews, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (lifetime version) (SADS-LA) and the Schedule for the Clinical Assessment of Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) were compared for main diagnoses and for their acceptibility to psychotic subjects and their psychiatrically well relatives. Broad agreement for DSM-III, DSM-III-R and draft ICD-10 diagnoses was good, although there were areas of disagreement between the two interviews which are discussed.
Morbid risks for major disorders and frequencies of personality disorders among spouses of psychiatric inpatients and controls
1993
Three hundred fifty-three psychiatric inpatients and their 192 living spouses and 98 control subjects and their 54 living spouses were examined and interviewed for affective, schizoaffective, schizophrenic (Research Diagnostic Criteria [RDC]), and personality disorders (DSM-III-R) using the Lifetime Version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS-L) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-Personality Disorders (SCID). The morbid risks of spouses for unipolar depression were between .15 and .25, and those for other major disorders were below .03. The morbid risks of spouses of bipolar patients for unipolar depression exceeded those of other spouses by 50% wi…
The distinction of bipolar II disorder from bipolar I and recurrent unipolar depression: results of a controlled family study.
1993
The aim of the study was to differentiate bipolar II, bipolar I and recurrent unipolar depression by their familial load for affective disorders. Eighty bipolar, 108 unipolar, 80 control subjects and interviewed first-degree relatives were diagnosed according to Research Diagnostic Criteria using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia – lifetime version. The morbid risks for bipolar I disorder were equivalent in relatives of bipolar I (3.6%) and bipolar II (3.5%) subjects and lower in relatives of unipolar subjects (1.0%). The morbid risks of relatives for bipolar II disorder distinguished bipolar II subjects (6.1%) from bipolar I subjects (1.8%), from unipolar depressives (…
Perceptual Pseudoneglect in Schizophrenia: Candidate Endophenotype and the Role of the Right Parietal Cortex
2013
Several contributions have reported an altered expression of pseudoneglect in psychiatric disorders, highlighting the existence of an anomalous brain lateralization in affected subjects. Surprisingly, no studies have yet investigated pseudoneglect in first-degree relatives (FdR) of psychiatric patients. We investigated performance on “paper and pencil” line bisection (LB) tasks in 68 schizophrenic patients (SCZ), 42 unaffected FdR, 41 unipolar depressive patients (UP), and 103 healthy subjects (HS). A subgroup of 20 SCZ and 16 HS underwent computerized LB and mental number line bisection (MNL) tasks requiring judgment of prebisected lines and numerical intervals. Moreover, we evaluated, in …
Personality disorders among the relatives of schizophrenia patients.
1994
In light of current linkage studies in schizophrenia, research on the "schizophrenia spectrum" deserves increased attention for an exact determination of the affected phenotype: Those disorders that have a much higher prevalence among biological relatives of schizophrenia patients are supposed to share common etiological factors with "core" schizophrenia. However, there is controversy over which of the DSM-III-R personality disorders should be included in the spectrum. In a controlled family study of inpatients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of schizophrenia (n = 101), schizophreniform and schizoaffective disorders (n = 69), and unipolar major depression (n = 160), familial rates of personality…
Gender-specific associations of depression with positive and negative symptoms in acute schizophrenia
2006
This clinical study analyzed gender-specific relationships of depression with other psychopathological and clinical variables in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. During clinical routine treatment 119 inpatients with acute schizophrenia (DSM-IV) were investigated with the Calgary Depression Rating Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Depression scores of 77 male and 42 female patients (mean age 31.6+/-10.3 years) were related to background variables and to positive and negative symptom scores. Mean CDSS (5.8+/-5.6) and PANSS scores (total 76.9+/-22.1, positive symptoms 17.6+/-7.6, negative sympto…