Search results for " Scientific knowledge"
showing 10 items of 53 documents
The Role of Second-language Learning in diagnosing Students Gaps of Knowledge. Towards a symptomatic Use of Interdisciplinarity
2012
Abstract This discussion-paper aims to present a concrete, albeit untested, hypothesis regarding how second-language learning lessons could prove useful in diagnosing essential signs of confusion, misunderstanding, or of any other kind of cognitive blunder which affects the scientific knowledge of late primary-education students (aged 10-12). In opposition to the somewhat rigid means of evaluation normally employed in content-oriented subjects, such as History, Biology, etc. —exams, tests and written assignments, carried out, as a rule, in the children‘s native language—, this discussion-paper defends that the accuracy of the student's knowledge may also, though not only, be evaluated by pa…
Sociology of Education and Construction of Educational Policies : From the Theory to the Practice
2020
A crescente complexidade no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas traduziu-se pelo aumento significativo no envolvimento de especialistas, muitos deles cientistas. Esse envolvimento é expresso de várias maneiras, seja através de solicitações de estudos preliminares, processos de planeamento ou avaliações da implementação e do impacto de medidas políticas. O desenvolvimento da relação entre os campos científico e político desafia o papel dos cientistas como especialistas e do uso do conhecimento científico, bem como as relações de poder entre políticos e cientistas. A sociologia da educação em Portugal tem uma longa tradição de interação com o campo político, não apenas em estudos relacionad…
Structural Correspondence Between Organizational Theories
2021
AbstractOrganizational research constitutes a differentiated, complex and fragmented field with multiple contradicting and incommensurable theories that make fundamentally different claims about the social and organizational reality. In contrast to natural sciences, the progress in this field can’t be attributed to the principle of truthlikeness where theories compete against each other and only best theories survive and prove they are closer to the truth and thus demonstrate scientific knowledge accumulation. We defend the structural realist view on the nature of organizational theories in order to demonstrate that despite the multiplicity of isolated and competing explanations of organiza…
Social, health and rehabilitation sector educators’ competence in evidence-based practice : A cross-sectional study
2021
Aim: The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the characteristic profiles of evidence-based practice competence of educators in the social, health and rehabilitation sectors and to establish relevant background factors. Design: This study was carried out as a descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected from social, health and rehabilitation sector educators working in the 21 Finnish universities of applied sciences and seven vocational colleges (n = 422; N = 2,330). A self-assessment instrument measuring evidence-based practice competence was used. Competence profiles were formed using a K-cluster grouping analysis. Results: Three distinct competence profile…
Modern civilization and scientific knowledge
1972
(1972). Modern civilization and scientific knowledge. The Philosophy Forum: Vol. 12, No. 3-4, pp. 217-243.
Relativism and Realism in the Philosophy of Science
2020
The philosophy of science is an important field of philosophy, where relativism and realism meet. The philosophy of science studies the nature of scientific knowledge, general justifications and scientific activity. Many of the things I have discussed in the previous chapters are also relevant for the philosophy of science. Scientific realism has been one of the most significant movements in the philosophy of science. However, its problems have paved the way for perspectivism, according to which perspectives (points of view) are a part of all scientific activity, from observations to theoretical assumptions. I will show that scientific realism could not be defended using a Tarskian semantic…
Conceptualizing nature-based science tourism: a case study of Seili Island, Finland
2021
Nature-based tourism has been widely addressed, yet research on nature-based science tourism, founded on science, scientific knowledge, and/or engagement in scientific research, is still scarce. Drawing on tourist motivation, nature-based tourism, special interest tourism, and science tourism, a novel theoretical conceptualization of nature-based science tourism was developed. The framework identified three categories of science tourism with intensifying levels of tourists’ interest in scientific knowledge and tourist engagement: tourism based on scientific knowledge, tourism with scientific adventure or volunteering, and scientific research tourism. In the empirical part, the framework was…
Generating students' information seeking questions in the scholar lab: what benefits can we expect from inquiry teaching approaches?
2013
ABSTARCT: Physics teachers use experimental devices to show students how scientific concepts, principles, and laws are applied to understand the real world. This paper studies question generation of secondary and under-graduate university students when they are confronted with experimental devices in different but usual teaching situations: reading about devices while studying still images or diagrams, watching an experimental demonstration, and handling the devices in the laboratory. The influence of the prior scientific knowledge on the questions asked is also analysed. Inquiry learning environments, involving lab projects, seemed to stimulate more inferences addressed to causality when s…
Misconceptions of the p-value among Chilean and Italian academic psychologists
2016
Common misconceptions of p-values are based on certain beliefs and attributions about the significance of the results. Thus, they affect the professionals' decisions and jeopardize the quality of interventions and the accumulation of valid scientific knowledge. We conducted a survey on 164 academic psychologists (134 Italian, 30 Chilean) questioned on this topic. Our findings are consistent with previous research and suggest that some participants do not know how to correctly interpret p-values. The inverse probability fallacy presents the greatest comprehension problems, followed by the replication fallacy. These results highlight the importance of the statistical re-education of researche…
Teaching mechanical oscillations using an integrate curriculum
1997
Abstract A set of teaching materials dealing with harmonic oscillations was developed as part of a research project investigating the influence of different pedagogical tools on physics learning. The materials incorporate simulation software and laboratory activities associated with Teacher and Student Units. The project involved research groups at seven Italian universities and the materials have been trialled in high schools nation‐wide. This paper describes the experimental protocol for the use of these materials in pilot classes and the evaluation of student learning and teacher training results. The intervention was found to improve physics education at school praxis level and to promo…