Search results for " Security"
showing 10 items of 1419 documents
An Actuarial Balance Model for DB PAYG Pension Systems with Disability and Retirement Contingencies
2012
In this paper we develop a theoretical basis for drawing up a “Swedish” type actuarial balance sheet for a defined benefit pay-as-you-go (DB PAYG) scheme with retirement and disability benefits. Our model enables us to obtain the system's expected average turnover duration, measure the scheme's solvency and explore the phenomenon identified as “pension reclassification”, a widespread practice that masks the system's real status unless further pension information becomes available. The model is clearly linked to actuarial practice in social security and gives partial support to the practical adaptation of Swedish methodology carried out by OSFI (2012) in applying the concept of the contribut…
Selection of Large Sub-Samples from the Continuous Sample of Working Lives Representative of the Benefits Provided by the Spanish Public Pension Syst…
2016
The Continuous Sample of Working Lives (CSWL) is a set of anonymized microdata with information about individuals taken from Spanish Social Security records. It provides very valuable information, which is used in many studies on labor economics and in the analysis of the Spanish public pension system. This article presents two major contributions: The first is an analysis of how representative CSWL is of the population of pensioners for the period 2005-2013. It is concluded that the CSWL does not follow the same distribution as the population with respect to some types of benefits, and that this happens in most waves. One of the reasons is that it is obtained by simple random sampling, so …
Macro-regional Strategies, Cohesion Policy and Regional Cooperation in the European Union: Towards a Research Agenda
2018
Since 2009, the European Union has developed strategies for the Baltic Sea, Danube, Adriatic-Ionian and Alpine macro-regions. These macro-regional strategies represent a new tool of European Union governance that seeks to combine the community’s territorial cooperation and cohesion policy repertoire with intergovernmental ‘regional cooperation’ involving European Union member and partner countries. By establishing comprehensive governance architectures for cross-sectoral and trans-boundary policy coordination in areas such as transport infrastructure and environmental protection, macro-regional strategies seek to mobilise European Union member and non-member states alike in promoting and h…
From fringe to fringe: the shift from the clericalist League of Polish Families to the anticlericalist Palikot Movement 2001–2015
2017
The period between 2001 and 2015 brought two events in Poland that deserve to be called phenomena. In 2001 the rightist, clericalist League of Polish Families entered the Sejm. Ten years later, the leftist, anticlericalist Palikot Movement achieved spectacular success in the 2011 elections. These events give a picture of a radical shift in the Polish political scene: a rightist clericalist party disappeared from the right flank of the political scene, while a new, leftist-anticlericalist formation appeared. The article makes reference to a set of five explanations on both the causes and consequences (and permanence) of the observed changes. I argue that only a concurrence of a number of com…
Motives, Roles, Effectiveness and the Future of the EU as an International Mediator
2018
AbstractThis article concludes this special issue on the European Union as international mediator that set out to advance our theoretical and empirical knowledge aboutEUmediation. Providing a comprehensive reflection ofEUmediation activities and the diverse settings where they take place, this concluding article identifies some connection points between the articles and discusses their findings on the motives/drivers, roles/strategies, effectiveness and institutional capacities ofEUmediation. It discusses the implications of these findings for policymaking, focusing on the conditions forEUmediation effectiveness, the advantages of the multi-layered nature ofEUmediation and the need for flex…
Implementing cloud ERP solutions: a review of sociotechnical concerns
2018
Abstract Cloud ERP solutions allow organizations of all sizes to support and coordinate key business processes by leveraging virtualization. Nevertheless, the implementation of cloud ERPs is not straightforward and there are significant issues that need to be taken into account when launching cloud ERP initiatives. To explore these issues, we conducted an in-depth systematic review of related research literature. We identified six key issues related to cloud ERP implementation: a) functionality fit, b) integration, c) data migration, d) organizational change, e) data security, and f) reliability. Furthermore, we mapped these issues to the different sizes of organizations. Based on this revi…
Ecotoxicological Effects of Ibuprofen on Plant Growth of Vigna unguiculata L.
2020
Despite the prevalence of the common pharmaceutical ibuprofen (IBU) in water and sediments worldwide, the effects of IBU on plants are largely unknown. This study was designed to assess the ecotoxicological effects of emerging pharmaceutical pollutant IBU on plant growth and development in a series of toxicity experiments using cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Plant growth parameters (morphological and physicochemical) were investigated under a series of IBU concentrations (0, 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 ppm IBU). IBU exposure reduced the shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, leaf area, and chlorophyll a and b, carotenoid, total chlorophyll, mineral (K and Mg), glutathione reductase, and…
Learning temporal patterns for anomaly intrusion detection
2002
For the last decade an explosive spread of computer systems and computer networks has resulted in a society that is increasingly dependent on information stored on these systems. A computer system connected to the network is accessible from another computer in this network regardless of its geographical position. Along with providing many benefits for legitimate users this technology creates almost unlimited opportunities for malicious persons, which using software vulnerabilities may successfully penetrate the networked computer systems. In order to eliminate potential devastating consequences caused by breaches in computer systems, more and more attention is drawn to the information secur…
Honeypot Utilization for Network Intrusion Detection
2018
For research purposes, a honeypot is a system that enables observing attacker’s actions in different phases of a cyberattack. In this study, a honeypot called Kippo was used to identify attack behavior in Finland. The gathered data consisted of dictionary attack login attempts, attacker location, and actions after successful login. From the data, attacker behavior was analyzed. Differentiating bots from human actors, linking scanning activity to further attack steps, and identifying malware and tracking malware sites were all done. The knowledge gained could be used to enhance an organization’s cyber resiliency by identifying attacker motivations and the tools used. Automating analysis of h…
Mobile Security with Location-Aware Role-Based Access Control
2012
Published version of an article from the book: Security and privacy in mobile information and communication systems. Also available on SpringerLink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30244-2_15 This paper describes how location-aware Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) can be implemented on top of the Geographically eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (GeoXACML). It furthermore sketches how spatial separation of duty constraints (both static and dynamic) can be implemented using GeoXACML on top of the XACML RBAC profile. The solution uses physical addressing of geographical locations which facilitates easy deployment of authorisation profiles to the mobile device. Location-aware RBAC c…