Search results for " Simulation"

showing 10 items of 4034 documents

Testing for homogeneity in meta-analysis I. The one-parameter case: standardized mean difference.

2010

Meta-analysis seeks to combine the results of several experiments in order to improve the accuracy of decisions. It is common to use a test for homogeneity to determine if the results of the several experiments are sufficiently similar to warrant their combination into an overall result. Cochran's Q statistic is frequently used for this homogeneity test. It is often assumed that Q follows a chi-square distribution under the null hypothesis of homogeneity, but it has long been known that this asymptotic distribution for Q is not accurate for moderate sample sizes. Here, we present an expansion for the mean of Q under the null hypothesis that is valid when the effect and the weight for each s…

Statistics and ProbabilityBiometryModels StatisticalGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyApplied MathematicsHomogeneity (statistics)Pearson's chi-squared testAsymptotic distributionGeneral MedicineGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologysymbols.namesakeF-testMeta-Analysis as TopicData Interpretation StatisticalStatisticsTest statisticNull distributionsymbolsChi-square testZ-testComputer SimulationGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesEpidemiologic MethodsAlgorithmsMathematicsBiometrics
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Other 2N− 2 parameters solutions of the NLS equation and 2N+ 1 highest amplitude of the modulus of theNth order AP breather

2015

In this paper, we construct new deformations of the Akhmediev-Peregrine (AP) breather of order N (or APN breather) with real parameters. Other families of quasirational solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation are obtained. We evaluate the highest amplitude of the modulus of the AP breather of order N; we give the proof that the highest amplitude of the APN breather is equal to . We get new formulas for the solutions of the NLS equation, which are different from these already given in previous works. New solutions for the order 8 and their deformations according to the parameters are explicitly given. We simultaneously get triangular configurations and isolated rings. Moreover,…

Statistics and ProbabilityBreatherMathematical analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyModulusStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsConcentric ringNonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsAmplitudeModeling and SimulationsymbolsOrder (group theory)Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsMathematical PhysicsSchrödinger's catMathematicsJournal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical
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Breathers and solitons of generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations as degenerations of algebro-geometric solutions

2011

We present new solutions in terms of elementary functions of the multi-component nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations and known solutions of the Davey-Stewartson equations such as multi-soliton, breather, dromion and lump solutions. These solutions are given in a simple determinantal form and are obtained as limiting cases in suitable degenerations of previously derived algebro-geometric solutions. In particular we present for the first time breather and rational breather solutions of the multi-component nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations.

Statistics and ProbabilityBreatherMathematics::Analysis of PDEsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSchrödinger equationsymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEsSimple (abstract algebra)[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]0103 physical sciencesFOS: MathematicsElementary function[MATH.MATH-MP] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]010306 general physicsNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsMathematical PhysicsMathematical physicsPhysics[ MATH.MATH-MP ] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Statistical and Nonlinear PhysicsLimitingMathematical Physics (math-ph)Mathematics::Spectral TheoryNonlinear systemNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsModeling and SimulationsymbolsAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Multiple testing in candidate gene situations: a comparison of classical, discrete, and resampling-based procedures.

2011

In candidate gene association studies, usually several elementary hypotheses are tested simultaneously using one particular set of data. The data normally consist of partly correlated SNP information. Every SNP can be tested for association with the disease, e.g., using the Cochran-Armitage test for trend. To account for the multiplicity of the test situation, different types of multiple testing procedures have been proposed. The question arises whether procedures taking into account the discreteness of the situation show a benefit especially in case of correlated data. We empirically evaluate several different multiple testing procedures via simulation studies using simulated correlated SN…

Statistics and ProbabilityCandidate geneContrast (statistics)computer.software_genrePolymorphism Single NucleotideSet (abstract data type)Computational MathematicsSample size determinationResamplingData Interpretation StatisticalSample SizeStatisticsMultiple comparisons problemGeneticsCochran–Armitage test for trendRange (statistics)HumansComputer SimulationDiseaseData miningMolecular BiologycomputerGenetic Association StudiesMathematicsStatistical applications in genetics and molecular biology
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A Stochastic Approach to Quantum Statistics Distributions: Theoretical Derivation and Monte Carlo Modelling

2009

Abstract. We present a method aimed at a stochastic derivation of the equilibrium distribution of a classical/quantum ideal gas in the framework of the canonical ensemble. The time evolution of these ideal systems is modelled as a series of transitions from one system microstate to another one and thermal equilibrium is reached via a random walk in the single-particle state space. We look at this dynamic process as a Markov chain satisfying the condition of detailed balance and propose a variant of the Monte Carlo Metropolis algorithm able to take into account indistinguishability of identical quantum particles. Simulations performed on different two-dimensional (2D) systems are revealed to…

Statistics and ProbabilityCanonical ensemblePhysicsclassical Monte Carlo simulations quantum Monte Carlo simulations stochastic particle dynamics (theory)Monte Carlo methodStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMarkov chain Monte CarloIdeal gasMicrostate (statistical mechanics)symbols.namesakeThermodynamic limitDynamic Monte Carlo methodsymbolsStatistical physicsStatistics Probability and UncertaintyQuantum statistical mechanics
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TiFoSi: an efficient tool for mechanobiology simulations of epithelia

2020

[Motivation]: Emerging phenomena in developmental biology and tissue engineering are the result of feedbacks between gene expression and cell biomechanics. In that context, in silico experiments are a powerful tool to understand fundamental mechanisms and to formulate and test hypotheses.

Statistics and ProbabilityCell signalingCell divisionComputer scienceSystems biologyIn silicoCellBiophysicsMorphogenesisVertex ModelContext (language use)Computational biologyCleavage (embryo)BiochemistryEpitheliumFeedbackMechanobiologyEpithelia Simulation03 medical and health sciencesParacrine signallingMechanobiologyTissue engineeringMorphogenesismedicineComputer SimulationCellular dynamicsMolecular Biology030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesSystems Biology030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyComputational BiologyCell cycleTissue SimulationJuxtacrine signallingComputer Science ApplicationsComputational Mathematicsmedicine.anatomical_structureComputational Theory and MathematicsDevelopmental biologyCell DivisionSoftwareDevelopmental BiologyBioinformatics
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Morphology changes induced by intercellular gap junction blocking: A reaction-diffusion mechanism.

2021

Complex anatomical form is regulated in part by endogenous physiological communication between cells; however, the dynamics by which gap junctional (GJ) states across tissues regulate morphology are still poorly understood. We employed a biophysical modeling approach combining different signaling molecules (morphogens) to qualitatively describe the anteroposterior and lateral morphology changes in model multicellular systems due to intercellular GJ blockade. The model is based on two assumptions for blocking-induced patterning: (i) the local concentrations of two small antagonistic morphogens diffusing through the GJs along the axial direction, together with that of an independent, uncouple…

Statistics and ProbabilityCell signalingModels BiologicalGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyDiffusionMorphogenesisAnimalsBlocking (linguistics)IonsNeurotransmitter AgentsbiologyMechanism (biology)ChemistryApplied MathematicsGap junctionGap JunctionsGeneral MedicinePlanariansbiology.organism_classificationPlanariaMulticellular organismIntercellular JunctionsModeling and SimulationBiophysicsReprogrammingAlgorithmsMorphogenSignal TransductionBio Systems
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Hölder Continuity up to the Boundary of Minimizers for Some Integral Functionals with Degenerate Integrands

2007

We study qualitative properties of minimizers for a class of integral functionals, defined in a weighted space. In particular we obtain Hölder regularity up to the boundary for the minimizers of an integral functional of high order by using an interior local regularity result and a modified Moser method with special test function.

Statistics and ProbabilityClass (set theory)Article Subjectlcsh:MathematicsApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisDegenerate energy levelsBoundary (topology)Hölder conditionlcsh:QA1-939Modeling and SimulationTest functions for optimizationlcsh:QHigh orderlcsh:ScienceWeighted spaceMathematicsJournal of Applied Mathematics and Stochastic Analysis
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Opportunities and challenges of combined effect measures based on prioritized outcomes

2013

Many authors have proposed different approaches to combine multiple endpoints in a univariate outcome measure in the literature. In case of binary or time-to-event variables, composite endpoints, which combine several event types within a single event or time-to-first-event analysis are often used to assess the overall treatment effect. A main drawback of this approach is that the interpretation of the composite effect can be difficult as a negative effect in one component can be masked by a positive effect in another. Recently, some authors proposed more general approaches based on a priority ranking of outcomes, which moreover allow to combine outcome variables of different scale levels. …

Statistics and ProbabilityClinical Trials as TopicEpidemiologyUnivariatecomputer.software_genreOutcome (game theory)Treatment OutcomeRankingScale (social sciences)Component (UML)Outcome Assessment Health CareMultiple comparisons problemHumansComputer SimulationData miningcomputerProportional Hazards ModelsMathematicsStatistical hypothesis testingEvent (probability theory)Statistics in Medicine
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Sparse relative risk regression models

2020

Summary Clinical studies where patients are routinely screened for many genomic features are becoming more routine. In principle, this holds the promise of being able to find genomic signatures for a particular disease. In particular, cancer survival is thought to be closely linked to the genomic constitution of the tumor. Discovering such signatures will be useful in the diagnosis of the patient, may be used for treatment decisions and, perhaps, even the development of new treatments. However, genomic data are typically noisy and high-dimensional, not rarely outstripping the number of patients included in the study. Regularized survival models have been proposed to deal with such scenarios…

Statistics and ProbabilityClustering high-dimensional dataComputer sciencedgLARSInferenceScale (descriptive set theory)BiostatisticsMachine learningcomputer.software_genreRisk Assessment01 natural sciencesRegularization (mathematics)Relative risk regression model010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciencesNeoplasmsCovariateHumansComputer Simulation0101 mathematicsOnline Only ArticlesSurvival analysis030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesModels Statisticalbusiness.industryLeast-angle regressionRegression analysisGeneral MedicineSurvival AnalysisHigh-dimensional dataGene expression dataRegression AnalysisArtificial intelligenceStatistics Probability and UncertaintySettore SECS-S/01 - StatisticabusinessSparsitycomputerBiostatistics
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