Search results for " Skin."

Chemosensory signalling pathways involved in sensing of amino acids by the ghrelin cell

2015

AbstractTaste receptors on enteroendocrine cells sense nutrients and transmit signals that control gut hormone release. This study aimed to investigate the amino acid (AA) sensing mechanisms of the ghrelin cell in a gastric ghrelinoma cell line, tissue segments and mice. Peptone and specific classes of amino acids stimulate ghrelin secretion in the ghrelinoma cell line. Sensing of L-Phe occurs via the CaSR, monosodium glutamate via the TAS1R1-TAS1R3 while L-Ala and peptone act via 2 different amino acid taste receptors: CaSR & TAS1R1-TAS1R3 and CaSR & GPRC6A, respectively. The stimulatory effect of peptone on ghrelin release was mimicked ex vivo in gastric but not in jejunal tissue …

Aspects of disordered eating continuum in elite high-intensity sports

2010

Dieting is an important risk factor for disordered eating and eating disorders. Disordered eating occurs on a continuum from dieting and restrictive eating, abnormal eating behavior, and finally clinical eating disorders. The prevalence of eating disorders is increased in elite athletes and for this group the cause of starting to diet is related to (a) perception of the paradigm of appearance in the specific sport, (b) perceived performance improvements, and (c) sociocultural pressures for thinness or an "ideal" body. Athletes most at risk for disordered eating are those involved in sports emphasizing a thin body size/shape, a high power-to-weight ratio, and/or sports utilizing weight categ…

STAT3 ‐mutated hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome with perianal skin tags and erosions: A case report

2020

Lipid Activates mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the Absorption of Dietary Triglycerides

2018

Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses amino acids; however, its role in lipid metabolism is less established. Organismal lipid requirements are largely met through dietary intake. How nutrient sensing mechanisms in gut interface with dietary fat remains unclear. Here we reveal fundamental and cooperative roles for mTOR complexes 1 and 2 (mTORC1/2) in absorption of dietary triglycerides. Dietary lipid activates mTORC1/2 signaling in gut. Hyperactivating mTORC1 by deleting Tsc1 is sufficient to promote triglyceride absorption and metabolic disease in high fat-fed mice. Conversely, blocking mTORC1/2 by deleting Raptor or Rictor each decreases triglyceride absorption. Loss of Raptor seq…

Therapeutic laser guidelines: On the effects of laser radiation on human skin-fibroblast metabolism in culture

1989

A promising field of laser utilization is the modification of cell behaviour. Acting on cell biological functions it might be possible to use them to improve medical therapies. This possibility suggests investigation of dosimetry guidelines employing different wavelenghts, power and exposure durations for future potential use of lasers in medicine.

Norwegian (crusted) scabies of glans penis in an immunocompetent patient

2009

Histologische und histoautoradiographische Untersuchungen zur Wanddicke und zum Zellumsatz am interponierten Hundedünndarm nach totaler Gastrektomie

1979

Total gastrectomy was performed on purebred beagle dogs and a 30--40 cm jejunal segment was grafted isoperistaltically between oesophagus and duodenum. Histological and histoautoradiographical examinations were carried out and the wall-thickness and the cell-transformation rate in the interponate determined. Despite the isoperistaltic substitute-stomach a muscular wall-hypertrophy of 140% of the interponated jejunum was found. The reason for this hypertrophy is thought to be the result of adhesions and the functional mechanical demands. Histoautoradiographical examinations confirmed that the regeneration time in the substitute-stomach decreased by 70% compared with the normal jejunum. The d…

Bowel ultrasonography in acute abdomen: beyond acute appendicitis.

2021

Acute abdomen is a common reason for consultation in the emergency department. A broad spectrum of entities, including diverse diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, can cause acute abdomen. Although computed tomography is the technique most widely used to evaluate acute abdomen in the emergency department, abdominal ultrasound is often performed first and allows bowel disease to be suspected. This article describes the ultrasound features of diverse bowel diseases that can cause acute abdomen, such as acute diverticulitis, bowel obstruction, gastrointestinal perforation, bowel ischemia, intraabdominal fat necrosis, and miscellaneous processes such as endometriosis, foreign bodies, or vasc…

Etiology of burning mouth syndrome : a review and update

2010

Introduction: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by an oral burning sensation in the absence of any organic disorders of the oral cavity. Although the cause of BMS is not known, a complex association of biological and psychological factors has been identified, suggesting the existence of a multifactorial etiology. Material and Method: A PubMed/Medline search was used to identify articles describing the different hypotheses regarding the etiology of BMS, as well as the psychological and anatomical data upon which such hypotheses are fundamented. Results: A review and update was made of the different hypotheses relating to the etiology of BMS (psychogenic factors, hormone disorders…

Eating-related Environmental Factors in Underweight Eating Disorders and Obesity: Are There Common Vulnerabilities During Childhood and Early Adolesc…

2012

Objective This study aimed to examine whether there is an association between individual, social and family influences and dysfunctional eating patterns early in life and the likelihood of developing a subsequent underweight eating disorder (ED) or obesity. Method The total sample comprised 152 individuals (underweight ED, n = 45; obese patients, n = 65; healthy controls; n = 42) from Barcelona, Spain. The Cross-Cultural Questionnaire (CCQ) was used to assess early eating influences as well as individual and family eating patterns and attitudes towards food. Results Even though a few shared eating influences emerged for both groups, unique factors were also observed. Whereas relationship wi…