Search results for " Small Interfering"

showing 10 items of 211 documents

MUC4 is overexpressed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and collaborates with transforming growth factor β inducing fibrotic responses.

2021

Several mucins are implicated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); however, there is no evidence regarding the role of MUC4 in the development of IPF. Here we demonstrated that MUC4 was overexpressed in IPF patients (n = 22) compared with healthy subjects (n = 21) and located in pulmonary arteries, bronchial epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and hyperplastic alveolar type II cells. Decreased expression of MUC4 using siRNA–MUC4 inhibited the mesenchymal/myofibroblast transformations of alveolar type II A549 cells and lung fibroblasts, as well as cell senescence and fibroblast proliferation induced by TGF-β1. The induction of the overexpression of MUC4 increased the effects of TGF-β1 on mesen…

0301 basic medicineImmunologyCellRespiratory Mucosa03 medical and health sciencesIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis0302 clinical medicineTransforming Growth Factor betaImmunology and AllergyMedicineHumansMolecular Targeted TherapySmad3 ProteinRNA Small InterferingFibroblastLungCellular SenescenceA549 cellLungMucin-4business.industryMesenchymal stem cellrespiratory systemFibroblastsmedicine.diseaseIdiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosisrespiratory tract diseasesUp-RegulationGene Expression Regulation Neoplastic030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureA549 CellsCancer researchsense organsbusinessMyofibroblast030215 immunologyTransforming growth factorSignal TransductionMucosal immunology
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1b deficiency protects against hepatic fibrosis by modulating nadph oxidases

2019

Inflammation is typically associated with the development of fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The key role of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in inflammatory responses has focused this study in understanding its implication in liver fibrosis. Here we show that hepatic PTP1B mRNA expression increased after bile duct ligation (BDL), while BDL-induced liver fibrosis was markedly reduced in mice lacking Ptpn1 (PTP1B−/−) as assessed by decreased collagen deposition and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression. PTP1B−/− mice also showed a significant increase in mRNA levels of key markers of monocytes recruitment (Cd68, Adgre1 and Ccl2) compared to their wild-type (PTP1B+…

0301 basic medicineLiver CirrhosisMaleClinical BiochemistryGene ExpressionApoptosisBiochemistryMice0302 clinical medicineFibrosisTransforming Growth Factor betaRNA Small Interferinglcsh:QH301-705.5Liver injuryProtein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1lcsh:R5-920NADPH oxidaseProtein tyrosine phosphatase 1BbiologyChemistryNOX4Bile duct ligationImmunohistochemistry3. Good healthNOX1Femalelcsh:Medicine (General)hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsResearch PaperBone marrow transplantationKupffer CellsLiver fibrosisdigestive systemCell LineBile Acids and Salts03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHepatic Stellate CellsAnimalsInflammationOrganic Chemistrymedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyTransplantationDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)Culture Media ConditionedNADPH oxidasesHepatic stellate cellbiology.proteinHepatocytesHepatic fibrosisReactive Oxygen Species030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiomarkersRedox Biology
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In Vivo siRNA Delivery to Immunosuppressive Liver Macrophages by alpha-Mannosyl-Functionalized Cationic Nanohydrogel Particles

2020

Macrophages are the front soldiers of the innate immune system and are vital for immune defense, tumor surveillance, and tissue homeostasis. In chronic diseases, including cancer and liver fibrosis, macrophages can be forced into an immunosuppressive and profibrotic M2 phenotype. M2-type macrophages overexpress the mannose receptor CD206. Targeting these cells via CD206 and macrophage repolarization towards an immune stimulating and antifibrotic M1 phenotype through RNA interference represents an appealing therapeutic approach. We designed nanohydrogel particles equipped with mannose residues on the surface (ManNP) that delivered siRNA more efficiently to M2 polarized macrophages compared t…

0301 basic medicineLiver CirrhosissiRNA deliveryTHP-1 Cellsmedicine.medical_treatmentmannose targetingMice0302 clinical medicineDrug Delivery SystemsFibrosisMacrophageM2 macrophagesRNA Small Interferinglcsh:QH301-705.5Tissue homeostasisMice Inbred BALB CChemistryHydrogelsGeneral MedicineHep G2 CellsLiver030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleimmunotherapyMannose receptorMannose ReceptorReceptors Cell Surfacegene knock-downArticlenanohydrogels03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemIn vivomedicineImmune ToleranceAnimalsHumanscancerLectins C-TypeInnate immune systemMacrophagesfibrosisImmunotherapyMacrophage Activationmedicine.disease030104 developmental biologyMannose-Binding LectinsRAW 264.7 Cellslcsh:Biology (General)Cancer researchNanoparticlesMannose
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Amphiregulin contained in NSCLC-exosomes induces osteoclast differentiation through the activation of EGFR pathway

2017

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The majority of patients are diagnosed in advanced disease stage. Bone metastasis is the most frequent complication in NSCLC resulting in osteolytic lesions. The perfect balance between bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts activity is lost in bone metastasis, inducing osteoclastogenesis. In NSCLC, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway is constitutively activated. EGFR binds Amphiregulin (AREG) that is overexpressed in several cancers such as colon, breast and lung. Its levels in plasma of NSCLC patients correlate with poor prognosis and AREG was recently …

0301 basic medicineLung NeoplasmsCellular differentiationAmphiregulin exosomes NSCLC EGFROsteoclastsExosomes NSCLC AmphiregulinNSCLCExosomesMice0302 clinical medicineSettore BIO/13 - Biologia ApplicataCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungMedicineEpidermal growth factor receptorRNA Small InterferingMultidisciplinarybiologyQProteolytic enzymesRBone metastasisCell Differentiation3. Good healthErbB ReceptorsGene Expression Regulation Neoplasticmedicine.anatomical_structureRANKL030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMedicineEngineering sciences. TechnologySciencePrimary Cell CultureBone NeoplasmsAmphiregulinArticle03 medical and health sciencesAmphiregulinOsteoclastCell Line TumorAnimalsHumansbusiness.industryRANK LigandBiological Transportmedicine.diseaseMicrovesiclesCoculture Techniquesrespiratory tract diseases030104 developmental biologyRAW 264.7 CellsImmunologybiology.proteinCancer researchbusiness
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Noncanonical GLI1 signaling promotes stemness features and in vivo growth in lung adenocarcinoma

2016

Aberrant Hedgehog/GLI signaling has been implicated in a diverse spectrum of human cancers, but its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is still under debate. We show that the downstream effector of the Hedgehog pathway, GLI1, is expressed in 76% of LACs, but in roughly half of these tumors, the canonical pathway activator, Smoothened, is expressed at low levels, possibly owing to epigenetic silencing. In LAC cells including the cancer stem cell compartment, we show that GLI1 is activated noncanonically by MAPK/ERK signaling. Different mechanisms can trigger the MAPK/ERK/GLI1 cascade including KRAS mutation and stimulation of NRP2 by VEGF produced by the cancer cells themselves in an autocrin…

0301 basic medicineMAPK/ERK pathwayCancer ResearchLung NeoplasmsPyridinesPyridineMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinaseMice SCIDMiceCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungRNA Small InterferingNon-Small-Cell LungMolecular Biology; Genetics; Cancer ResearchTumorbiologyintegumentary systemHedgehog signaling pathwayCell biologyNeoplastic Stem CellsFemaleRNA InterferenceOriginal ArticleHumanXenograft Model Antitumor AssayAdenocarcinomaSCIDSmall InterferingZinc Finger Protein GLI1Cell LineProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Carcinoma Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Line Tumor; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mice SCID; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Neuropilin-2; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Pyridines; Pyrimidines; RNA Interference; RNA Small Interfering; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Zinc Finger Protein GLI1; Molecular Biology; Genetics; Cancer Research03 medical and health sciencesParacrine signallingGeneticSettore MED/04 - PATOLOGIA GENERALEstem cellsCancer stem cellGLI1Cell Line TumorGeneticsAnimalsHumansAutocrine signallingMolecular BiologyMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesSettore MED/06 - ONCOLOGIA MEDICAAnimalCarcinomaXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysNeuropilin-2Lung Neoplasmlung cancer030104 developmental biologyPyrimidinesPyrimidineCancer cellbiology.proteinRNANeoplastic Stem CellSmoothened
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PTEN status is a crucial determinant of the functional outcome of combined MEK and mTOR inhibition in cancer

2017

AbstractCombined MAPK/PI3K pathway inhibition represents an attractive, albeit toxic, therapeutic strategy in oncology. Since PTEN lies at the intersection of these two pathways, we investigated whether PTEN status determines the functional response to combined pathway inhibition. PTEN (gene, mRNA, and protein) status was extensively characterized in a panel of cancer cell lines and combined MEK/mTOR inhibition displayed highly synergistic pharmacologic interactions almost exclusively in PTEN-loss models. Genetic manipulation of PTEN status confirmed a mechanistic role for PTEN in determining the functional outcome of combined pathway blockade. Proteomic analysis showed greater phosphoprote…

0301 basic medicineMAPK/ERK pathwayPTENRNA interferenceprotein Kinase inhibitorsRNA Small InterferinghumansPhosphoinositide-3 Kinase InhibitorsAnimals; cell line tumor; drug synergism; everolimus; female; humans; Janus Kinase 1; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; mice; neoplastic stem cells; PTEN phosphohydrolase; phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; protein Kinase inhibitors; proto-oncogene Proteins c-akt; Pyridones; Pyrimidinones; RNA Interference; RNA Small Interfering; STAT3 Transcription Factor; TOR Serine-Threonine KinasesMultidisciplinaryMAPK/PI3K pathway inhibitiononcology MAPK/PI3K pathway inhibitionTOR Serine-Threonine Kinasescell lineMAPK/PI3K inhibition oncology. inhibition. PTEN gene mRNA cancer cell lines MEK/mTORMAP Kinase Kinase KinasesfemaleoncologymTORRNA InterferenceSTAT3 Transcription FactortumormicePyridonesMice NudePyrimidinonesBiologyphosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesSmall InterferingArticle03 medical and health sciencesMediatorSettore MED/04 - PATOLOGIA GENERALECell Line TumormedicinePTENAnimalsPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwaydrug synergismSettore MED/06 - ONCOLOGIA MEDICAneoplastic stem cellsRPTORCancerJanus Kinase 1medicine.diseaseeverolimusproto-oncogene Proteins c-aktBlockade030104 developmental biologyCancer researchbiology.proteinRNAPTEN phosphohydrolase
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Unusual roles of caspase-8 in triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231

2015

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a clinically aggressive form of breast cancer that is unresponsive to endocrine agents or trastuzumab. TNBC accounts for ~10-20% of all breast cancer cases and represents the form with the poorest prognosis. Patients with TNBC are at higher risk of early recurrence, mainly in the lungs, brain and soft tissue, therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapies. The present study was carried out in MDA-MB-231 cells, where we assessed the role of caspase-8 (casp-8), a critical effector of death receptors, also involved in non‑apoptotic functions. Analysis of casp-8 mRNA and protein levels indicated that they were up-regulated with respect to the normal…

0301 basic medicineMDA-MB-231 cellCancer ResearchDown-RegulationTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsTransfectionResting Phase Cell Cycle03 medical and health sciencesKruppel-Like Factor 40302 clinical medicineHMGA2Breast cancerCell Line TumormedicineHumansRNA Small InterferingCaspase-8 unusual roleTriple-negative breast cancerCaspase 8Triple-negative breast cancer cellbiologyOncogeneCaspase-8 knockdownCell CycleG1 PhaseCancerCell cyclemedicine.diseaseMolecular medicineKLF4Invasivity and metastasi030104 developmental biologyOncologyKLF4030220 oncology & carcinogenesisbiology.proteinCancer researchFemaleCell cycle regulator
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NUPR1, a new target in liver cancer: implication in controlling cell growth, migration, invasion and sorafenib resistance

2016

AbstractSorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, is the only approved agent for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its benefits are modest, and as its mechanisms of action remain elusive, a better understanding of its anticancer effects is needed. Based on our previous study results, we investigated here the implication of the nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) in HCC and its role in sorafenib treatment. NUPR1 is a stress-inducible protein that is overexpressed in various malignancies, but its role in HCC is not yet fully understood. We found that NUPR1 expression was significantly higher in primary human HCC samples than in the normal liver. Knockdown of NUPR1 signi…

0301 basic medicineMaleCancer ResearchHepatocellular carcinomaCore Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit0302 clinical medicineCell MovementBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription FactorsMolecular Targeted TherapyRNA Small InterferingRegulation of gene expressionAged 80 and overGene knockdownRELBLiver NeoplasmsMiddle AgedSorafenib3. Good healthNeoplasm ProteinsSorafenib.Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic030220 oncology & carcinogenesisGene Knockdown TechniquesOriginal ArticleFemalemedicine.drugSorafenibNiacinamideCarcinoma HepatocellularRUNX2 GeneCell SurvivalIER3ImmunologyDown-RegulationBiology03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceYoung AdultmedicineGene silencingHumansNeoplasm InvasivenessGene SilencingneoplasmsAgedCell ProliferationCell growthGene Expression ProfilingPhenylurea CompoundsTranscription Factor RelBComputational BiologyMembrane ProteinsCell BiologyNuclear protein-1digestive system diseases030104 developmental biologyDrug Resistance NeoplasmCancer researchApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsTranscriptomeCell Death & Disease
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Brief Report: Functional Interaction of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 2 and HLA-B27 Activates the Unfolded Protein Response.

2017

Objective: The basic mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remain unresolved. We previously reported an association of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2549782 in the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 gene (ERAP2) with AS. It is known that patients homozygous for the G allele (GG) of another ERAP2 SNP, rs2248374, lack expression of ERAP2 (ERAP2 null). The present study utilized this information to study the impact of ERAP2 deficiency on HLA–B27 expression in patients with AS, specifically focusing on the functional interaction of ERAP2 and HLA–B27 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with AS and assessing the effects …

0301 basic medicineMaleX-Box Binding Protein 1Aminopeptidases0302 clinical medicineImmunology and AllergyRNA Small InterferingEndoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiPHLA-B27 AntigenHeat-Shock ProteinsAlleleBlottingReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionHeat-Shock ProteinSingle NucleotideMiddle AgedFlow CytometryCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein3. Good healthUp-RegulationFemaleWesternHumanAnkylosingAdultAminopeptidaseMononuclearImmunologyBlotting WesternSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyMajor histocompatibility complexSmall InterferingPolymorphism Single NucleotideAdult; Alleles; Aminopeptidases; Blotting Western; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; Cell Line; Female; Flow Cytometry; HLA-B27 Antigen; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Leukocytes Mononuclear; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; RNA Small Interfering; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Spondylitis Ankylosing; Unfolded Protein Response; Up-Regulation; X-Box Binding Protein 1; Immunology and Allergy; Rheumatology; ImmunologyCell Line03 medical and health sciencesDownregulation and upregulationRheumatologyHumansSpondylitis AnkylosingAllelePolymorphismAlleles030203 arthritis & rheumatologySpondylitiHLA-B27LeukocyteEndoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2X-Box Binding Protein 1Molecular biologySettore MED/16 - Reumatologia030104 developmental biologyUnfolded protein responsebiology.proteinCCAAT-Enhancer-Binding ProteinsLeukocytes MononuclearUnfolded Protein ResponseRNAArthritisrheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
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Bovine piRNA-like RNAs are associated with both transposable elements and mRNAs.

2017

PIWI proteins and their associated piRNAs have been the focus of intensive research in the past decade; therefore, their participation in the maintenance of genomic integrity during spermatogenesis has been well established. Recent studies have suggested important roles for the PIWI/piRNA system outside of gametogenesis, based on the presence of piRNAs and PIWI proteins in several somatic tissues, cancers, and the early embryo. Here, we investigated the small RNA complement present in bovine gonads, gametes, and embryos through next-generation sequencing. A distinct piRNA population was present in the testis as expected. However, we also found a large population of slightly shorter, 24–27 n…

0301 basic medicineMaleendocrine systemEmbryologySmall RNAPopulationPiwi-interacting RNABiologyTranscriptome03 medical and health sciencesEndocrinologyTestisAnimalsRNA MessengerSmall nucleolar RNARNA Small InterferingeducationSpermatogenesisAU-rich elementeducation.field_of_studyurogenital systemObstetrics and GynecologyRNACell BiologyFold changeCell biology030104 developmental biologyReproductive MedicineDNA Transposable ElementsOocytesCattleFemaleTranscriptomeReproduction (Cambridge, England)
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