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showing 10 items of 806 documents

Non-Linear Hysteretic Instability in Rotating Machinery

2013

The destabilizing influence of the shaft hysteresis on the supercritical whirl of rotating machines can be efficiently counterbalanced by proper external dissipative sources in the supports and/or anisotropic suspension systems. The hysteretic effect may be treated either by dry or viscous models obtaining different but somehow similar results in the hypothesis of small dissipation levels. Thus the linear viscous assumption is often accepted as a crude approximation for a straightforward analysis of the whirling instability. Nevertheless the internal friction should be regarded most likely as non-linear and could be approximated for example by Coulombian models taking thus into account also the releasing effect of some shrink-fit coupling present in the mechanical assembly.
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L'ecomuseo del grano e del pane: un percorso progettuale centrato sul design

2018

La festa di S. Giuseppe, oltre che un’importante e sentita ricorrenza religiosa, è a Salemi soprattutto la “festa dei pani”; bellissime realizzazioni di alto artigianato artistico, la cui sapienza si tramanda nelle famiglie e nelle associazioni di donne che per mesi lavorano alla produzione dell’enorme quantità delle piccole e grandi forme di pane, per rivestire le costruzioni votive che accolgono il rito della cena. Nasce quindi l’idea di proporre un “Ecomuseo del grano e del pane” nel Collegio dei Gesuiti, valorizzando e riaprendo al pubblico uno spazio di grande interesse storico-architettonico. Nell’ambito della consolidata collaborazione del Comune di Salemi con il Dipartimento di Arch…

The feast of St. Joseph as well as an important and heartfelt religious celebration is in Salemi above all the "feast of the loaves"beautiful achievements of high artistic craftsmanship whose wisdom is handed down in the families and in the associations of women who for many months work to produce the enormous quantity of small and large forms of bread to cover the votive constructions that welcome the ritual of dinner.Thus the idea of proposing an "Ecomuseum of wheat and bread" in the Jesuit College was born enhancing and re-opening a space of great historical-architectural interest to the public. As part of the consolidated collaboration of the Municipality of Salemi with the Department of Architecture professors and students worked on a strategic design project for museum set-up and communication also open forms of participation and sharing with the various territorial actors in a sort of 'social conversation' with the protagonists and skills in the field. A collaboration with Polimi Desis_Lab of the Milan Polytechnic concerning the contribution of the 'design of services for social innovation' was also initiated on these aspects.Settore ICAR/13 - Disegno Industriale
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DECORIN EFFECTS ON PROTEOMIC PROFILING OF BREAST CANCER CELLS: AN UPDATED STUDY

2015

The malignant carcinomas are characterized by several capabilities acquired by the neoplastic cells, among which the ability to invade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to establish a crosstalk with several ECM components. Under this respect, the extracellular microenvironment is an entity extraordinarily rich of information with opposite signals. Our group has long undertaken the study of the effects of ECM molecules on the behavior of cancer cells in vitro. Among the studied molecules, the decorin was found to exert a non-permissive effect on the growth and motility of the transfected tumor cells. The decorin, belongs to the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) and is involv…

The malignant carcinomas are characterized by several capabilities acquired by the neoplastic cells among which the ability to invade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to establish a crosstalk with several ECM components. Under this respect the extracellular microenvironment is an entity extraordinarily rich of information with opposite signals. Our group has long undertaken the study of the effects of ECM molecules on the behavior of cancer cells in vitro. Among the studied molecules the decorin was found to exert a non-permissive effect on the growth and motility of the transfected tumor cells. The decorin belongs to the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) and is involved physiologically in the fibrillogenesis of collagen. In the last few year a new anti-oncogenic role has been proposed for decorin1. This study aimed to implement the knowledge on the effects of ectopic decorin on breast cancer cells using as a reference point the results already achieved by our research group2 on the experimental model format. By breast cancer cell line 8701-BC and its transfected clone DEC-C2. The extension of the proteomic analysis combined with the mass spectrometry allowed to triplicate the number of identified proteins in our model. Among the newly identified proteins were members of the classes of metabolic enzymes S100 family and cell motility proteins which revealed a net decrease in the decorin transfected cells. Of considerable importance is the observation that these classes of proteins are the most involved in metastatic progression. These results confirm and reinforce the anti-oncogenic role hypothesized for decorin. The work was co-funded by the Italian 5x1000 to COBS.DECORIN
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Profilin1 regulates sternum development and endochondral bone formation.

2012

Bone development is a dynamic process that requires cell motility and morphological adaptation under the control of actin cytoskeleton. This actin cytoskeleton system is regulated by critical modulators including actin-binding proteins. Among them, profilin1 (Pfn1) is a key player to control actin fiber structure, and it is involved in a number of cellular activities such as migration. During the early phase of body development, skeletal stem cells and osteoblastic progenitor cells migrate to form initial rudiments for future skeletons. During this migration, these cells extend their process based on actin cytoskeletal rearrangement to locate themselves in an appropriate location within mic…

Time FactorsGenotypeMice Transgenicmacromolecular substancesBiologyTransfectionBiochemistryBone and BonesMiceProfilinsCell MovementOsteogenesisBone cellAnimalsProgenitor cellRNA Small InterferingCytoskeletonMolecular BiologyActinAllelesCytoskeletonMice KnockoutOsteoblastsMesenchymal stem cellGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell migrationMesenchymal Stem CellsCell BiologyX-Ray MicrotomographyActin cytoskeletonCell biologyCartilageImmunologyNIH 3T3 CellsStem cellDevelopmental BiologyThe Journal of biological chemistry
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Role of SIRT1 and FOXO factors in eNOS transcriptional activation by resveratrol.

2013

Many of the cardiovascular protective effects of resveratrol are attributable to an enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Resveratrol has been shown to enhance eNOS gene expression as well as eNOS enzymatic activity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the molecular mechanisms of eNOS transcriptional activation by resveratrol. Treatment of human EA.hy 926 endothelial cells with resveratrol led to a concentration-dependent upregulation of eNOS expression. In luciferase reporter gene assay, resveratrol enhanced the activity of human eNOS promoter fragments (3500, 1600, 633 and 263bp in length, respectively), indicating that the proximal promot…

Transcriptional ActivationCancer Researchendocrine system diseasesNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryFOXO1ResveratrolBiochemistryCell LineTransactivationchemistry.chemical_compoundSirtuin 1EnosStilbenesHumansRNA Small Interferingskin and connective tissue diseasesPromoter Regions GeneticTranscription factorGene knockdownAnalysis of VariancebiologySirtuin 1Chemistryorganic chemicalsfood and beveragesForkhead Transcription Factorsbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyUp-RegulationNitric oxide synthaseResveratrolGene Knockdown Techniquesbiology.proteinhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsNitric oxide : biology and chemistry
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Melatonin induces transcriptional regulation of Bim by FoxO3a in HepG2 cells

2012

Background: Melatonin induces apoptosis in many different cancer cell lines, including hepatocellular carcinoma cells. However, the responsible pathways have not been clearly elucidated. A member of the forkhead transcription factors' family, FoxO3a, has been implicated in the expression of the proapoptotic protein Bim (a Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death). In this study, we used human HepG2 liver cancer cells as an in vitro model to investigate whether melatonin treatment induces Bim through regulation by the transcription factor FoxO3a. Methods: Cytotoxicity of melatonin was compared in HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells and primary human hepatocytes. Proapoptotic Bim expression was analys…

Transcriptional ActivationCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyProgrammed cell deathSmall interfering RNACarcinoma HepatocellularTranscription GeneticApoptosisFoxO3amelatoninBiologyGenetics & GenomicsMelatoninDownregulation and upregulationCell Line TumorProto-Oncogene ProteinsInternal medicinemedicineTranscriptional regulationHumansGene silencingBimPhosphorylationRNA Small InterferingPromoter Regions GeneticTranscription factorBinding SitesBcl-2-Like Protein 11Forkhead Box Protein O3Membrane ProteinsForkhead Transcription FactorsHep G2 Cellshepatocellular carcinomaCell biologyEndocrinologyOncologyHepatocytesRNA Interferencebiological phenomena cell phenomena and immunityApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsChromatin immunoprecipitationProtein Bindingmedicine.drugBritish Journal of Cancer
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Epigenetic activation of a cryptic TBC1D16 transcript enhances melanoma progression by targeting EGFR

2015

Metastasis is respoMetastasis is responsible for most cancer-related deaths, and, among common tumor types, melanoma is one with great potential to metastasize. Here we study the contribution of epigenetic changes to the dissemination process by analyzing the changes that occur at the DNA methylation level between primary cancer cells and metastases. We found a hypomethylation event that reactivates a cryptic transcript of the Rab GTPase activating protein TBC1D16 (TBC1D16-47 kDa; referred to hereafter as TBC1D16-47KD) to be a characteristic feature of the metastatic cascade. This short isoform of TBC1D16 exacerbates melanoma growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. By combining imm…

Transcriptional ActivationGTPase-activating proteinImmunoprecipitationMice NudeEditorials: Cell Cycle FeaturesBiologyBioinformaticsMethylationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyEpigenesis GeneticMetastasisMetastasisEpigènesiMetàstasiCell Line TumormedicineAnimalsImmunoprecipitationProtein IsoformsRNA MessengerEpigeneticsNeoplasm MetastasisRNA Small InterferingPromoter Regions GeneticProteïnes supressores de tumorsProtein Kinase InhibitorsMelanomaMelanomaGTPase-Activating ProteinsGeneral MedicineMethylationDNA MethylationPrognosismedicine.diseaseTumor suppressor proteinErbB ReceptorsMolecular WeightTreatment Outcomerab GTP-Binding ProteinsDNA methylationDisease ProgressionCancer researchRabMetilacióProtein BindingSignal TransductionEpigenesisNature Medicine
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Role of reactive oxygen species in the regulation of HIF-1 by prolyl hydroxylase 2 under mild hypoxia

2012

The function and survival of eukaryotic cells depends on a constant and sufficient oxygen supply. Cells recognize and respond to hypoxia by accumulation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), composed of an oxygen-sensitive HIF-1α and a constitutive HIF-1β subunit. Besides physiology, HIF-1 induction is involved in major pathological processes such as cardiovascular disease, inflammation and cancer, which are associated with the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS have been reported to affect HIF-1 activity but the role for ROS in regulating HIF-1 has not been definitely settled. In order to shed light on the redox-regulation of HIF-1 by ROS, we studied …

Transcriptional ActivationProcollagen-Proline DioxygenaseMedizinBiologyTransfectionBiochemistryHypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline DioxygenasesTransactivationCell Line TumormedicineHumansRNA Small InterferingTranscription factorchemistry.chemical_classificationRegulation of gene expressionReactive oxygen speciesGene knockdownGeneral MedicineTransfectionHydrogen PeroxideHypoxia (medical)Cell HypoxiaCell biologyHypoxia-inducible factorschemistryBiochemistryHypoxia-Inducible Factor 1medicine.symptomReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidation-Reduction
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Protease-mediated processing of Argonaute proteins controls small RNA association

2020

SummarySmall RNA pathways defend the germlines of animals against selfish genetic elements and help to maintain genomic integrity. At the same time, their activity needs to be well-controlled to prevent silencing of ‘self’ genes. Here, we reveal a proteolytic mechanism that controls endogenous small interfering (22G) RNA activity in the Caenorhabditis elegans germline to protect genome integrity and maintain fertility. We find that WAGO-1 and WAGO-3 Argonaute (Ago) proteins are matured through proteolytic processing of their unusually proline-rich N-termini. In the absence of DPF-3, a P-granule-localized N-terminal dipeptidase orthologous to mammalian DPP8/9, processing fails, causing a cha…

Transposable elementSmall RNAanimal structuresDNA damageBiologyDipeptidyl peptidaseSubstrate Specificity03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAnimalsGene silencingRNA MessengerRNA Small InterferingCaenorhabditis elegansCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsDipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-PeptidasesMolecular BiologyGeneCaenorhabditis elegans030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesWild typeRNACell BiologyArgonautebiology.organism_classificationCell biologyFertilityArgonaute ProteinsProteolysisRNA HelminthProtein Processing Post-Translational030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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piRNAclusterDB 2.0: update and expansion of the piRNA cluster database.

2021

Abstract PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and their partnering PIWI proteins defend the animal germline against transposable elements and play a crucial role in fertility. Numerous studies in the past have uncovered many additional functions of the piRNA pathway, including gene regulation, anti-viral defense, and somatic transposon repression. Further, comparative analyses across phylogenetic groups showed that the PIWI/piRNA system evolves rapidly and exhibits great evolutionary plasticity. However, the presence of so-called piRNA clusters as the major source of piRNAs is common to nearly all metazoan species. These genomic piRNA-producing loci are highly divergent across taxa and critically…

Transposable elementSmall RNAendocrine systemAcademicSubjects/SCI00010Sequencing dataPiwi-interacting RNADatasets as TopicBiologycomputer.software_genreGermlineEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDatabases GeneticGeneticsAnimalsCluster AnalysisHumansDatabase IssueRNA Small InterferingPhylogeny030304 developmental biologyRegulation of gene expression0303 health sciencesInternetGenomePhylogenetic treeDatabaseurogenital systemGenetic LociArgonaute ProteinsDNA Transposable Elementscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgerySoftwareNucleic acids research
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