Search results for " Soft"

showing 10 items of 1710 documents

Oral Rhabdomyosarcoma: a review

2012

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm comprised of cells derived from the primitive mesen¬chyme. About 35% of RMS arises in the head and neck, are are classified as parameningeal and non-parameningeal forms. These are the most common soft tissue sarcoma of the children, adolescents and young adults. Their etiopathogenesis and its molecular relevance have been emphasized. The first line of treatment is radical excision and this is usually supplemented by radiotherapy. It is believed that adjunct combination chemotherapy may greatly improve the prognosis. Inadequately treated tumours grow in an infiltrative manner and recur in a high percentage of cases. Bone does no…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyOral Medicine and Pathologybusiness.industryFirst linemedicine.medical_treatmentSoft tissue sarcomaCombination chemotherapyMalignant Soft Tissue NeoplasmParameningealOdontologíaReviewmedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludRadiation therapyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASMedicinebusinessHead and neckRhabdomyosarcomaGeneral Dentistry
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A maChine and deep Learning Approach to predict pulmoNary hyperteNsIon in newbornS with congenital diaphragmatic Hernia (CLANNISH): Protocol for a re…

2021

Introduction Outcome predictions of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) still have some limitations in the prenatal estimate of postnatal pulmonary hypertension (PH). We propose applying Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL) approaches to fetuses and newborns with CDH to develop forecasting models in prenatal epoch, based on the integrated analysis of clinical data, to provide neonatal PH as the first outcome and, possibly: favorable response to fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO), need for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), survival to ECMO, and death. Moreover, we plan to produce a (semi)automatic fetus lung segmentation system in Magnetic Resonanc…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_treatmentretrospective studyDiagnostic RadiologyCohort StudiesStudy ProtocolMathematical and Statistical TechniquesPregnancyMedicine and Health SciencesLung volumesMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testRadiology and ImagingStatisticsQRSoftware EngineeringMagnetic Resonance ImagingPulmonary Imagingmachine learningObstetric ProceduresPhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologyMedicineFemaleCohort studyComputer and Information Sciencesmedicine.medical_specialtyImaging TechniquesHypertension PulmonaryScienceSurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresResearch and Analysis MethodsPulmonary hypertensionComputer SoftwareDiagnostic MedicineArtificial IntelligenceCongenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Pulmonary Ipertension Deep Learning protocolmedicineExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationHumansHerniaStatistical MethodsRetrospective StudiesFetal surgerybusiness.industrydiaphragmatic herniasegmentationInfant NewbornBiology and Life SciencesNeonatesCongenital diaphragmatic herniadeep learningRetrospective cohort studyMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseaseSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Hernias Diaphragmatic CongenitalbusinessMathematicsDevelopmental BiologyForecasting
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Phase behavior of flexible and semiflexible polymers in solvents of varying quality.

2019

The interplay of nematic order and phase separation in solutions of semiflexible polymers in solvents of variable quality is investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We studied coarse-grained models, with a bond-angle potential to control chain stiffness, for chain lengths comparable to the persistence length of the chains. We varied both the density of the monomeric units and the effective temperature that controls the quality of the implicit solvent. For very stiff chains, only a single transition from an isotropic fluid to a nematic is found, with a phase diagram of "swan-neck" topology. For less stiff chains, however, also unmixing between…

Persistence lengthMaterials science010304 chemical physicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMolecular dynamicsCritical point (thermodynamics)Liquid crystalPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Ising modelDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhase diagramThe Journal of chemical physics
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Scattering function of semiflexible polymer chains under good solvent conditions

2012

Using the pruned-enriched Rosenbluth Monte Carlo algorithm, the scattering functions of semiflexible macromolecules in dilute solution under good solvent conditions are estimated both in $d=2$ and $d=3$ dimensions, considering also the effect of stretching forces. Using self-avoiding walks of up to $N = 25600$ steps on the square and simple cubic lattices, variable chain stiffness is modeled by introducing an energy penalty $\epsilon_b$ for chain bending; varying $q_b=\exp (- \epsilon_b/k_BT)$ from $q_b=1$ (completely flexible chains) to $q_b = 0.005$, the persistence length can be varied over two orders of magnitude. For unstretched semiflexible chains we test the applicability of the Krat…

Persistence lengthPhysicsCharacteristic lengthScatteringGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterSquare (algebra)Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Mattersymbols.namesakeChain (algebraic topology)Quantum mechanicsKuhn lengthsymbolsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Debye functionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMonte Carlo algorithm
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Stretching semiflexible polymer chains: Evidence for the importance of excluded volume effects from Monte Carlo simulation

2011

Semiflexible macromolecules in dilute solution under very good solvent conditions are modeled by self-avoiding walks on the simple cubic lattice ($d=3$ dimensions) and square lattice ($d=2$ dimensions), varying chain stiffness by an energy penalty $\epsilon_b$ for chain bending. In the absence of excluded volume interactions, the persistence length $\ell_p$ of the polymers would then simply be $\ell_p=\ell_b(2d-2)^{-1}q_b^{-1}$ with $q_b= \exp(-\epsilon_b/k_BT)$, the bond length $\ell_b$ being the lattice spacing, and $k_BT$ is the thermal energy. Using Monte Carlo simulations applying the pruned-enriched Rosenbluth method (PERM), both $q_b$ and the chain length $N$ are varied over a wide r…

Persistence lengthPhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesWork (thermodynamics)PolymersMonte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterSquare latticeCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterBond lengthLattice constantChain (algebraic topology)Excluded volumeSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryMonte Carlo MethodMathematical physicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Breakdown of the Kratky-Porod Wormlike Chain Model for Semiflexible Polymers in Two Dimensions

2011

By large-scale Monte Carlo simulations of semiflexible polymers in $d=2$ dimensions the applicability of the Kratky-Porod model is tested. This model is widely used as "standard model" for describing conformations and force versus extension curves of stiff polymers. It is shown that semiflexible polymers in $d=2$ show a crossover from hard rods to self-avoiding walks, the intermediate Gaussian regime (implied by the Kratky-Porod model) is completely absent. Hence the latter can also describe force versus extension curves only if the contour length is only a few times larger than the persistence length. Consequences for experiments on biopolymers at interfaces are briefly discussed.

Persistence lengthchemistry.chemical_classificationPhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesChain modelGaussianMonte Carlo methodCrossoverGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPolymerCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterRodCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Mattersymbols.namesakechemistrysymbolsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Statistical physicsStandard model (cryptography)
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Universal monomer dynamics of a two dimensional semi-flexible chain

2013

We present a unified scaling theory for the dynamics of monomers for dilute solutions of semiflexible polymers under good solvent conditions in the free draining limit. Our theory encompasses the well-known regimes of mean square displacements (MSDs) of stiff chains growing like t^{3/4} with time due to bending motions, and the Rouse-like regime t^{2 \nu / (1+ 2\nu)} where \nu is the Flory exponent describing the radius R of a swollen flexible coil. We identify how the prefactors of these laws scale with the persistence length l_p, and show that a crossover from stiff to flexible behavior occurs at a MSD of order l^2_p (at a time proportional to l^3_p). A second crossover (to diffusive moti…

Persistence lengthchemistry.chemical_classificationPhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesScale (ratio)CrossoverFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolymerBendingRadiusCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterchemistryChain (algebraic topology)Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)ExponentSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Statistical physicsPhysics - Biological Physics
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Semiflexible polymers under good solvent conditions interacting with repulsive walls.

2016

Solutions of semiflexible polymers confined by repulsive planar walls are studied by density functional theory and Molecular Dynamics simulations, to clarify the competition between the chain alignment favored by the wall and the depletion caused by the monomer-wall repulsion. A coarse-grained bead-spring model with bond bending potential is studied, varying both the contour length and the persistence length of the polymers, as well as the monomer concentration in the solution (good solvent conditions are assumed throughout, and solvent molecules are not included explicitly). The profiles of monomer density and pressure tensor components near the wall are studied, and the surface tension of…

Persistence lengthchemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesMaterials scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyRadiusPolymerCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesGyration0104 chemical sciencesSurface tensionCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMolecular dynamicschemistryLiquid crystalChemical physicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Density functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyThe Journal of chemical physics
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Child–display interaction:Lessons learned on touchless avatar-based large display interfaces

2020

AbstractDuring the last decade, touchless gestural interfaces have been widely studied as one of the most promising interaction paradigms in the context of pervasive displays. In particular, avatars and silhouettes have proved to be effective in making the touchless capacity of displays self-evident. In this paper, we focus on a child–display interaction approach to avatar-based touchless gestural interfaces. We believe that large displays offer an opportunity to stimulate children’s experiences and engagement; for instance, learning about art is very engaging for children but can bring a number of challenges. Our study aims to contribute to the literature on both pervasive displays and chi…

Pervasive displayAvatarsUbiquitous computingUbiquitous computingComputer scienceInterface (computing)Mobile computingContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyManagement Science and Operations ResearchLibrary and Information SciencesChild–computer interaction; Gesture-based interfaces; Avatars; Pervasive displays; Ubiquitous computingPervasive displaysHuman–computer interaction0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGesture-based interface0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAffordance050107 human factorsAvatarSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniFocus (computing)RecallChild–computer interaction05 social sciencesComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING020207 software engineeringAvatarComputer Science ApplicationsGesture-based interfacesHardware and Architecture
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A software receiver phase lock loop analysis and design to implement adaptive phase tracking using a finite impulse response loop filter

2009

In this paper we analyze the design of a digital Phase Lock Loop (PLL) for a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) software receiver. Even if the topic of phase tracking has been widely studied, we found it useful to provide a short walkthrough for the design of a PLL in a real software receiver, avoiding to introduce the common theoretical phase-based model and aiming to the practical implementation of a system that deals with frequencies. Nonetheless, our analysis and design will grow away from the canonical approach, in the way that we will not resort to analog filter theory. The result is a PLL which is more reactive than the ones usually found in literature and that implements a si…

Phase lock loop software receiver trackingSettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniGNSS PLL
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