Search results for " Spatial"
showing 10 items of 582 documents
Le processus de diffusion du football en Franche-Comté
2006
This paper seeks to demonstrate, from a geographical viewpoint, how football, a sport that was fairly undeveloped at the beginning of the 20th century, has become a major element in daily life. Taking the region of Franche-Comté (population: 1.1 million) as an example, the spatialisation of the diffusion cycle of the sport is shown (introduction into the territory, growth, then saturation). The territorial dimension of football is thus analysed.
Probabilité d'apparition d'un phénomène parasitaire et choix de modèles de régression logistique
2007
Epidemiological processes are now using spatial statistics and modelling tools. The main objective of most health risks studies consists in identifying potential contamination sources and factors capable of explaining their localization. Health data often prove binary (typically presence/absence) and specific methods such as binary logistic regression have to be used. This method's output consists in a probability for the pathogen of interest. A posterior classification of each sample is then conducted using a probability threshold. The method used to maximize this threshold is called the ROC curve which consists in giving a representation of the behaviour of the model and then to choose th…
A spiking network for spatial memory formation: Towards a fly-inspired ellipsoid body model
2013
Neural centers devoted to spatial memory and path integration were largely studied in rats and in different insect species like ants and bees. In this paper a neural-based model for the formation of a spatial working memory is proposed mirroring some peculiarities of the Drosophila central brain and in particular the ellipsoid body. Simulation results are reported opening the way to applications on roving platforms.
Residential satisfaction and spatial configurations in a periurban area
2011
Since the 1960s, French cities are concerned with an urban sprawl process. This urban sprawl leads to the emergence of a particular space located at the interface between the city and the countryside: the periurban. The social, morphological or the spatial practices of its inhabitants give the suburban a particular singularity and specificity. It is a space of contradiction that attracts both because of the "natural" living environment that it provides to households, but also because of its proximity to the city and the opportunities related to accessibility to various urban amenities.To understand more precisely this enthusiasm for periurban areas, this thesis proposes to explore the indiv…
Taking care of everyone’s business: interpreting Sicilian Mafia embedment through spatial network analysis
2022
Mafia-type organisations often have a strong geographical and cultural entrenchment in the territory they belong. However, their analysis as a spatially networked social structure is still missing. A combined socio-spatial network analysis is presented here, through the demise of a large police operation called Operazione Perseo in 2008. This approach is developed in two ways. At first, a visual representation of the social network of this large group of mafiosi embedded in a geographical space is presented. Three main salient territorial features of the network are thus highlighted. A high density of links in some neighbourhoods, as well as connections across different Mandamenti, the terr…
A Territorial Contradiction
2014
Spatial planning and environmental restoration are essential corollaries to the management of protected natural areas; however, without a sound awareness of the evolutionary consistency of biocoenoses, the harmonious integration between human activities and ecosystem preservation remains an unattainable utopia. The theorisation of a balanced welfare, inspired by the universal tendency of ecosystems to reach a steady state, has to go along with the defection from any economic greed. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.
Community action and planning. Contexts, drivers and outcomes
2014
With trust in top-down government faltering, community-based groups around the world are displaying an ever-greater appetite to take control of their own lives and neighbourhoods. Government, for its part, is keen to embrace the projects and the planning undertaken at this level, attempting to regularise it and use it as a means of reconnecting to citizens and localising democracy. This unique book analyses the contexts, drivers and outcomes of community action and planning in a selection of case studies in the global north: from emergent neighbourhood planning in England to the community-based housing movement in New York, and from active citizenship in the Dutch new towns to associative a…
Assessing daily actual evapotranspiration through energy balance: an experiment to evaluate the selfpreservation hypothesis with acquisition time
2013
An operational use of the actual evapotranspiration estimates requires the integration from instantaneous to daily values. This can commonly be achieved under the hypothesis of daytime self-preservation of the evaporative fraction. In this study, it has been evaluated the effect of this assumption on the assessment of daily evapotranspiration from proximity sensing images acquired at hourly intervals over a homogeneous olive groove. Results have been validated by comparison with observations made by a micrometeorological (EC-flux tower) and an eco-physiological (sap flux) sensor. SEBAL model has been applied to thermal and multispectral images acquired during a clear day on August 2009 trou…
Changes in Onset of Vegetation Growth on Svalbard, 2000–2020
2022
The global temperature is increasing, and this is affecting the vegetation phenology in many parts of the world. The most prominent changes occur at northern latitudes such as our study area, which is Svalbard, located between 76°30′N and 80°50′N. A cloud-free time series of MODIS-NDVI data was processed. The dataset was interpolated to daily data during the 2000–2020 period with a 231.65 m pixel resolution. The onset of vegetation growth was mapped with a NDVI threshold method which corresponds well with a recent Sentinel-2 NDVI-based mapping of the onset of vegetation growth, which was in turn validated by a network of in-situ phenological data from time lapse cameras. The results show th…
Towards a Deep Integration of Socio-Economic Action and Spatial Planning
2012
It is now time to recognize that self-organizing socio-economic actors can and must act directly on the pursuit of territorial development and cohesion or, in other words, that the broadest possible number of socio-economic actors must be involved, to this end, in co-creating products, services and innovative content. ICTs can greatly help to go forward in this direction, allowing the merging of regulation, implementation of policies and spontaneous transformation, thanks to their interactivity and their potential of diffusion of “usable knowledge” (Lindblom and Cohen, 1979). The proposed approach relies on the notion of Living Labs (LLs), or better on that of “Territorial Living Labs” (TLL…