Search results for " Spatial"

showing 10 items of 582 documents

Guinean and sahelian rainfall anomaly indices at annual and monthly scales (1933-1990)

1994

The annual and monthly rainfall variability in north tropical Africa are analysed by principal component analysis in order to detect the main coherent modes. The Sahel constitutes the first mode, although it is divided close to 1O"W into an Atlantic section and a Continental section. The Guinean zone is less coherent, and is divided into distinct modes. The subequatorial area never formed a distinct mode. Rainfall variability for the coherent areas is constructed from rainfall anomaly indices (RAI), based on the coherent areas, and a rainfall typology taking into account the spatial pattern of the rainfall anomaly fields and the intensity of the anomaly. Their evolution (mainly since 1950) …

[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean AtmosphereAtmospheric SciencePrincipal Component Analysis010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAnomaly (natural sciences)Spatial degrees of freedom0207 environmental engineeringMode (statistics)North africa02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesGeography13. Climate actionClimatologyPrincipal component analysisCommon spatial patternAnnual variation020701 environmental engineeringScale (map)0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Prévision et spatialisation des concentrations en ozone troposphérique en Bourgogne

2006

This PhD done in the Centre de Recherche de Climatologie, UMR 5210 CNRS of University of Burgundy has been supported by the Conseil Régional de Bourgogne, and the AASQA of Burgundy (Atmosf'Air). The ozone, a poison gas, is the core of this research because it is considered as one of the major worrying atmospheric pollutants in this region. We have conducted a study focused on hourly concentrations of measured ozone over several years for 12 stations. Their spatial and temporal variability are related to some features outside of the region (ground-level ozone, synoptic-scale conditions) and inside of the region (physical properties, land cover, meteorological features and precursor potential…

[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere[ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmospheretropospheric ozoneprévision statistico-dynamiqueanalyse et statistique spatialesstatistico-dynamical forecastspatial analysis[SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean AtmosphereBourgogneBurgundyOzone troposphérique
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Modélisation de paysages agricoles pour la simulation et l'analyse de processus

2017

L’objet de ce colloque est de partager des connaissances, expériences et outils autour de la modélisation des paysages agricoles, de leur structure et de leur dynamique en considérant la modélisation de la structure physique du paysage agricole et celle des processus socio-techniques qui gouvernent les usages des éléments le constituant (parcelles, fossés, etc.). Par ailleurs, les paysages agricoles sont le support de processus biotiques et abiotiques spatialisés. Les processus biotiques incluent par exemple les dynamiques d’organismes d’importance en agriculture – ravageurs et auxiliaires – ou contribuant à la biodiversité patrimoniale ou ordinaire. Les processus abiotiques incluent par ex…

[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment[STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP]partage de connaissance[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]outildynamique de paysagemodèle[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Societyvariable spatiale[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment[STAT.AP] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[INFO]Computer Science [cs][INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation[SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society[MATH]Mathematics [math][SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecologyprocessus socio-techniquepaysage agricolemodélisation
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Indicators of agricultural intensity and intensification: a review of the literature

2015

Since the 1960s, research has dealt with agricultural intensification (AI) as a solution to ensure global food security. Recently, sustainable intensification (SI) has increasingly been used to describe those agricultural and farming systems that ensure adequate ecosystem service provision. Studies differ in terms of the application scales and methodologies, thus we aim to summarize the main findings from the literature on how AI and SI are assessed, from the farm to global levels. Our literature review is based on 7865 papers selected from the Web of Science database and analysed using CorText software. A further selection of 105 relevant papers was used for an in-depth full-text analysis …

[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesagriculture intensiveAgronomia[SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy01 natural sciencesEcosystem servicesmedia_common2. Zero hungerFood securityIntensive farmingAgriculturaEnvironmental resource managementspatial scales[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesAgroécologiesustainabilityAgricultural sciencesindicateur de rechercheéchelle spatialeGeographyLand use intensity;ecosystem services;farming systems;indicators;spatial scales;sustainabilitymedia_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:Plant cultureEconomiaécosystèmelcsh:AgricultureLand use intensitysustainability.[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystemssystème agricolelcsh:SB1-1110farming systemsAgricultural productivity0105 earth and related environmental sciencesétat de l'artbusiness.industrylcsh:S[SDV.SA.AEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture economy and politics15. Life on land[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and SocietyindicatorsAgricultureSustainability040103 agronomy & agriculturedéveloppement agricole durable0401 agriculture forestry and fisherieslittératureMonocultureecosystem servicesbusinessAgronomy and Crop ScienceSciences agricolesDiversity (politics)Italian Journal of Agronomy
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Etude de la variabilité des propriétés physiques et hydrodynamiques d'un sol argileux sous l'effet de conduites en protection intégrée contre les adv…

2015

Integrated weed management (IWM)-based cropping systems are of great interest due to their significant reduction of herbicide inputs by using a complex combination of agricultural techniques. The main objective of our work was to contribute to the environmental dimension of the multi-criteria evaluation of IWM-based cropping systems which were set up since 2000 on the experimental domain of the National Institute for Agronomical Research (INRA) to Bretenière (France). The variability of physical and hydrodynamic soil properties involved in the transfer of water through the vadose zone was studied for the 5 cropping systems present on the experimental site (1 reference cropping system and 4 …

[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciencesHydraulic conductivityTravail du solIntegrated weed managementWater retentionTillageCaractérisation in situDynamique de l’eauProtection intégrée des cultures contre les adventicesSwelling soilConductivité hydraulique[ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciencesHydraulic potential[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciencesVariabilité spatiale et temporelleSol argilo-limoneux gonflantRétention de l’eauIn situ characterizationSilty clay loam soilProfil hydriqueSoil hydraulic profileSpatial and temporal variabilitySystème de culturePotentiel matricielWater dynamicsCropping system
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How to explain the introduction of common ragweed into Europe during the XIXth century?

2012

EA EcolDur (équipe CAPA) CT3; Various reasons can explain the success of A. artemisiifolia in France and in Europe :* introduction of plants from various sources (in space and time)* strong variability (morphology, size, etc.) * ecological plasticityDifferent situations across areas and countriesThe dominant habitats and the spread vector can differPotentially strong effects of the landscape (soil use)

[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciencesgeographical originbotanical gardenBiologie du développementdistribution spatialeambrosia artemisiifoliainsectainvasionDevelopment BiologyconsequenceAgricultural sciencesambrosia artemisiifolia;original presence;botanical garden;geographical origin;invasion;ragweed;consequenceoriginal presence[SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology[ SDV.BDD ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology[SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biologyragweed[ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciencesSciences agricoles
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Biogeography of microorganisms in grassland

2011

[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences[SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciencesécologie microbiennesolvariabilité spatialebiogéographie[ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences
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Comment représenter la dispersion des adventices dans les modèles : comparaison par analyse de sensibilité

2017

Prod?EASPEGESTAD INRA; L’utilisation de modèles est une approches pertinente pour identifier des agencements d’habitats semi-naturels dans le paysage qui permettent à la fois de maîtriser les abondances d’adventices et de préserver leur rôle dans les services écosystémiques. La prise en compte de l’échelle du paysage nécessite d’inclure dans ces modèles la représentation du processus de dispersion de ces espèces. L’objectif de ce travail était d’explorer le comportement d’un modèle spatial à cette représentation de la dispersion par différentes courbes de dispersion. La variation des sorties de modèles a été analysée pour déterminer les effets relatifs des systèmes de culture, de la composi…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]dispersionadventicespaysagemodèle spatial
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Spatial distribution of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea across a 44-hectare farm related to ecosystem functioning

2011

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental SciencesECOSYSTEMNITRITECHARACTERIZATION SPATIAL PATERNSMICROBIAL COMMUNITIESAMMONIA OXIDIZING BACTERIAFUNCTIONALFARM
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Détection non supervisée des adventices par drone : résultats et limites

2019

Dans un cadre de diminution des produits phytosanitaires, l'agriculture de précision est une solution technique pour diminuer l'impact environnemental de l'agriculture sans transformer les systèmes de production actuels. La démocratisation des drones aériens pour l'agriculture permet leur utilisation afin de discriminer culture et adventices au sein de parcelles cultivées. Nous avons développé et testé des algorithmes non supervisés (ne nécessitant pas l’intervention d’un humain) combinant l'information spatiale et spectrale pour réaliser cette discrimination. Cette présentation sera l'occasion de revenir sur les résultats de ces algorithmes et de présenter également les limites rencontrées…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciences[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologytraitement d’images[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologydiscrimination culture/adventicesinformation spatiale et spectralealgorithme non supervisé
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