Search results for " Statistical"

showing 10 items of 1649 documents

Flexible statistical models provided new insights into the role of quantitative prognostic factors for mortality in gastric cancer.

2007

Abstract Objectives To reassess the effects of prognostic factors on mortality in gastric cancers, and to illustrate the advantages of flexible modeling. Study Design and Setting A prospective population-based cohort of persons diagnosed with gastric cancers in 1976 to 1995 in Burgundy, France, was followed for 5 years since diagnosis. Multivariable survival analyses, stratified by cancer stage, involved both conventional Cox's model and its flexible generalization, which permitted testing the underlying assumptions and accounting for changes over time in the effects of prognostic factors. Results Conventional assumptions of proportional hazards (PH) (P = 0.003) and linear increase in risk …

OncologyMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologyPopulationStomach NeoplasmsInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineHumansProspective StudieseducationStomach cancerProspective cohort studySurvival analysisAgedNeoplasm StagingProportional Hazards Modelseducation.field_of_studyModels Statisticalbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelAge FactorsCancerMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisSurvival AnalysisCohortFemaleFrancebusinessDemographyJournal of clinical epidemiology
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Quantum and classical integrability: new approaches in statistical mechanics

1991

Abstract The present status of the statistical mechanics (SM), quantum and classical, of integrable models is reviewed by reporting new results for their partition functions Z obtained for anyon type models in one space and one time (1 + 1) dimensions. The methods of functional integration developed already are extended further. Bose-Fermi equivalence and anyon descriptions are natural parts of the quantum theory and the anyon phase is quantised. The classical integrability is exploited throughout and both classical and quantum integrability theory are reviewed this way, and related to underlying algebraic structures - notably the Hopf algebras (“quantum groups”). A new “ q -boson” lattice …

Open quantum systemQuantum processQuantum dynamicsAnyonStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsQuantum algorithmCondensed Matter PhysicsQuantum statistical mechanicsQuantum dissipationQuantum chaosMathematical physicsMathematicsPhysica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
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Statistical analysis when dealing with astigmatism: assessment of different spherocylindrical notations.

2001

Ophthalmic epidemiological studies frequently deal with ocular refractive errors, which are commonly expressed in the form sphere/cylinder x axis. However, this representation has been shown not to be the most suitable one for performing statistical analysis. Although alternative analytical and graphic methods to represent this kind of data have been developed, these formalisms have often gone unnoticed by researchers, despite their usefulness and versatility. Besides, there has been no discussion of how each of them fits in with a particular type of study. In this paper, several mathematical representations of dioptric power are revisited in a comprehensive way. The aim is to encourage res…

Optics and PhotonicsModels StatisticalEpidemiologybusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectAstigmatismAstigmatismmedicine.diseaseNotationRefraction OcularRotation formalisms in three dimensionsOphthalmologyData Interpretation StatisticalCalculusMedicineHumansStatistical analysisSimplicityRepresentation (mathematics)businessMathematicsmedia_commonOphthalmic epidemiology
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Simultaneous remote extraction of multiple speech sources and heart beats from secondary speckles pattern

2009

The ability of dynamic extraction of remote sounds is very appealing. In this manuscript we propose an optical approach allowing the extraction and the separation of remote sound sources. The approach is very modular and it does not apply any constraints regarding the relative position of the sound sources and the detection device. The optical setup doing the detection is very simple and versatile. The principle is to observe the movement of the secondary speckle patterns that are generated on top of the target when it is illuminated by a spot of laser beam. Proper adaption of the imaging optics allows following the temporal trajectories of those speckles and extracting the sound signals ou…

Optics and PhotonicsSound SpectrographyTime FactorsBackscatterComputer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage processingBlind signal separationSpeech AcousticsSpeckle patternOpticsPosition (vector)HumansScattering RadiationComputer SimulationModels StatisticalFourier AnalysisPixelbusiness.industrySignal Processing Computer-AssistedEquipment DesignMyocardial ContractionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNeural Networks ComputerbusinessPhase modulationAlgorithmsSoftwareOptics Express
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Adaptive design optimization: a mutual information-based approach to model discrimination in cognitive science.

2010

Discriminating among competing statistical models is a pressing issue for many experimentalists in the field of cognitive science. Resolving this issue begins with designing maximally informative experiments. To this end, the problem to be solved in adaptive design optimization is identifying experimental designs under which one can infer the underlying model in the fewest possible steps. When the models under consideration are nonlinear, as is often the case in cognitive science, this problem can be impossible to solve analytically without simplifying assumptions. However, as we show in this letter, a full solution can be found numerically with the help of a Bayesian computational trick d…

Optimal designCognitive scienceModels StatisticalArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryCognitive NeuroscienceDesign of experimentsBayesian probabilityPosterior probabilityStatistical modelBayes TheoremMutual informationDensity estimationCognitionDiscrimination PsychologicalArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Nonlinear DynamicsResearch DesignHumansComputer SimulationArtificial intelligencebusinessMathematicsNeural computation
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Multidimensional scaling and stock location assignment in a warehouse: an application

1999

By means of an application, in the present paper, the suitability of a multivariate statistical methodology, as multidimensional scaling (MDS), to solve an optimization problem is shown. In particular, considering the stock location assignment problem in the warehouse of a supermarket chain, the solution gained by applying MDS to a set of seven variables is compared with the one obtainable by considering the usual techniques applied in this context. A wide discussion of results is reported. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Optimization problemComputer scienceModeling and SimulationData miningMultidimensional scalingManagement Science and Operations ResearchMultivariate statisticalcomputer.software_genreGeneral Business Management and AccountingAssignment problemcomputerStock (geology)WarehouseApplied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry
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Correlation, hierarchies, and networks in financial markets

2010

We discuss some methods to quantitatively investigate the properties of correlation matrices. Correlation matrices play an important role in portfolio optimization and in several other quantitative descriptions of asset price dynamics in financial markets. Specifically, we discuss how to define and obtain hierarchical trees, correlation based trees and networks from a correlation matrix. The hierarchical clustering and other procedures performed on the correlation matrix to detect statistically reliable aspects of the correlation matrix are seen as filtering procedures of the correlation matrix. We also discuss a method to associate a hierarchically nested factor model to a hierarchical tre…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementEconomics and EconometricsPhysics - Physics and SocietyCorrelation based networkKullback–Leibler divergenceStability (learning theory)FOS: Physical sciencesKullback–Leibler distancePhysics and Society (physics.soc-ph)computer.software_genreHierarchical clusteringFOS: Economics and businessCorrelationMultivariate analysis Hierarchical clustering Correlation based networks Bootstrap validation Factor models Kullback–Leibler distancePortfolio Management (q-fin.PM)Bootstrap validationQuantitative Finance - Portfolio ManagementMathematicsFactor analysisStatistical Finance (q-fin.ST)Covariance matrixMultivariate analysiQuantitative Finance - Statistical FinanceHierarchical clusteringFactor modelTree (data structure)Physics - Data Analysis Statistics and ProbabilityData miningPortfolio optimizationcomputerData Analysis Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
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Determinants of maxillary canine impaction : retrospective clinical and radiographic study

2017

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate determinants of maxillary canine impaction taking into account both canine position related variables and the pattern of facial growth. Material and Methods: A retrospective clinical and radiographic analysis was carried out on 109 patients aged between 9 and 10 years at the time of first evaluation. At baseline, SN-GoMe angle, the interincisal angle, the canine angle a and the canine distance d were used to characterize canine location and vertical facial growth. At the end of a two years follow up period the eruption state of each canine of each patient was recorded and accordingly classified as erupted or impacted on a clinical and radiogr…

OrthodonticsImpactionbusiness.industryRadiographyResearchDeterminantMaxillary canineUnivariateCanine impaction; Determinants; Facial growthOrthodontics030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCanine impactionFacial growthUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASMedicineMultivariate statisticalbusinessGeneral Dentistry030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDeterminants
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Influence of follicle rupture and uterine contractions on intrauterine insemination outcome: a new predictive model.

2014

Objective To correlate the detection of follicle rupture and the number of uterine contractions per minute with the outcome of IUI and to build a predictive model for the outcome of IUI including these parameters. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Fertility clinic. Patient(s) We analyzed data from 610 women who underwent homologous or donor double IUI from 2005 to 2010 and whose data of uterine contractions or follicle rupture were recorded. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Live-birth rate. Result(s) Nine hundred seventy-nine IUI cycles were included. The detection of follicle rupture (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–3.01) and the number of ut…

Ovulationmedicine.medical_specialtyTime Factorsmedia_common.quotation_subjectInseminationUterine contractionFollicleUterine ContractionOvarian FolliclePregnancymedicineOdds RatioHumansOvarian follicleOvulationmedia_commonInsemination Artificial HomologousRetrospective StudiesGynecologyPregnancyChi-Square DistributionModels Statisticalbusiness.industryObstetrics and GynecologyRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalmedicine.anatomical_structureLogistic ModelsTreatment OutcomeReproductive MedicineMultivariate AnalysisInsemination Artificial HeterologousFemalemedicine.symptombusinessLive BirthFertility and sterility
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Trends of organochlorine compounds in Finnish inland waters

2001

Caged common lake mussels (Anodonta piscinalis) have been used in the monitoring of organochlorine compounds in pulp and paper mill recipient watercourses of Finland annually from 1984 to 1998. Statistically significant decreasing trends of chlorophenols and chloroguaiacols originating from chlorobleaching were observed in all recipients in parallel with the decreasing discharges from the mills. Metabolites of chlorophenols, chloroanisoles and chloroveratroles had no or slightly increasing trends. Elevated PCB concentrations were measured in four watercourses. In two areas, PCBs were found to be significantly increasing, in two other cases they showed no trend. A mill producing recycled pap…

PaperAnodontaWater flowHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisFresh WaterAnisolesWaste Disposal FluidDDTAnimalsIndustryEnvironmental ChemistryEcotoxicologyLongitudinal StudiesOrganic ChemicalsIncubationFinlandbiologyChemistrybusiness.industryfood and beveragesPaper millGeneral MedicineMusselbiology.organism_classificationPolychlorinated BiphenylsPollutionBivalviaData Interpretation StatisticalEnvironmental chemistrySuspended matterChlorine CompoundsbusinessHexachlorocyclohexaneWater Pollutants ChemicalChlorophenolsEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental Science and Pollution Research
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