Search results for " Stig"

Vecāku priekšstatu veidošanās par bērna uzmanības deficīta un hiperaktivitātes sindromu

2016

Bakalaura darbs „Vecāku priekšstatu veidošanās par bērna uzmanības deficīta un hiperaktivitātes sindromu” ir pētījums par to, kas veido vecāku, kuru bērnam diagnosticēts uzmanības deficīta un hiperaktivitātes sindroms, pieredzi un līdz ar to priekšstatus par šo diagnozi. Izmantojot diagnostiskas un stigmatizācijas konceptus, tiek skatīts vecāku pieredzes naratīvs. Pētījuma rezultāti norāda, ka vecākiem un bērniem nākas sastapties ar dažāda veida stigmatizāciju gan skolā, gan ārpus tās. Stigmatizējoša attieksme vērojama arī starp vecākiem, kas izvēlas nedot bērniem UDHS medicīnas līdzekļus, un tiem, kas tos izvēlas lietot. Stigmatizāciju lielā mērā veicina sabiedrības neinformētība, kā arī U…

Validation of the Italian version of the Devaluation consumers' Scale and the Devaluation Consumers Families Scale

2016

Objectives This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Italian versions of the Devaluation of Consumers Scale (DCS) and the Devaluation of Consumer Families Scale (DCFS), twoshort-scales examining public stigma towards people with mental disorders and their relatives. Methods The scales were administered to 117 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of affective or non-affective psychoses (ICD 10 criteria F20-29, F30-33). Translation procedures were carried out according to accepted standards. Internal reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Convergent validity was evaluated in terms of correlation with the Global Functioning Scale (GAF) and with the Qu…

Early motherhood: voices from female adolescents in the Hohoe Municipality, Ghana—a qualitative study utilizing Schlossberg’s Transition Theory

2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: Using Schlossberg’s Transition Theory, this study explored the lived experiences of pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers coping strategies during their transition to motherhood. Methods: Based on a phenomenological perspective, this qualitative study used in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) to answer the research aim. The process of data gathering included 8 FGDs and 12 IDIs held with adolescent mothers and pregnant adolescents. Audio recordings were transcribed and imported into MAXQDA 2018 for analysis. Results: Applying the interpretative phenomenologial analysis (IPA), four key themes emerged. This included: news of pregnancy; adolescen…

‘You play like a Woman!’ Effects of gender stereotype threat on Women's performance in physical and sport activities: A meta-analysis

2018

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this quantitative review was to provide an estimation of the effect of stereotype threat on women's performance in sport. Design This review employed a meta-analytic technique. Method a meta-analysis with random effects model was performed on 24 effects. Publication bias was tested through funnel plots and Egger's regression test. Results Findings show a symmetric distribution of effects, making it possible to conclude that no file-drawer problem affected the collected sample of effects. Aggregating the results of the reviewed studies, a medium effect of stereotype threat manipulation on women's sport performances emerged (d = 0.33). Collected studies were…

Psychosocial aspects of haemophilia: a systematic review of methodologies and findings

2011

Psychosocial factors have a significant impact on quality of life for patients with chronic diseases such as haemophilia. Interventions to support the psychosocial needs of patients and their families, such as offering information and assistance, clarifying doubts, and teaching coping strategies to minimize the impact of disabilities, may help to maximize patient outcomes and improve quality of life for their families. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current literature on psychosocial aspects of haemophilia. Literature searches were performed using the PubMed database to identify studies evaluating psychosocial stressors in persons with haemophilia. Articles pertaining to the HIV …

2021

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Recent years have witnessed a medicalization of obesity, promoting a classification as a disease or disability in order to reduce or protect against weight stigma and discrimination. This study sought to investigate the public understanding of the disability and disease concepts in obesity, their acceptance, and association with weight stigma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a representative German population sample (<i>n</i> = 2,524), public views of obesity as a disease or disability were assessed via a self-report questionnaire. For the assessment of weight stigma, the Weight Control/Blame subscale from the…

Perceived public stigma towards schizophrenia among healthcare students: The relationship with diagnostic labelling and contact with people with schi…

2021

Objectives This study aimed at investigating the relationship between perceived public stigma towards people with schizophrenia (PWS) and their family members in a large sample of medical and psychology students. We hypothesised that: a) schizophrenia labelling would be related to greater perceived public stigma; b) contact with PWS would be related with lower perceived stigma; c) perceived public stigma would be similar between medical and psychology students and would be higher among students attending the clinical stage compared to their pre-clinical colleagues. Methods Participants were 592 students attending either the pre-clinical or clinical stage of coursework in Medicine and Psycho…

Determinants of patient and health system delay among Italian and foreign-born patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a multicentre cross-sectional st…

2018

ObjectivesThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify key factors associated with patient delay (PD), health system delay (HSD) and total delay (TOTD) in patients with tuberculosis (TB) to inform control programmes.SettingThe study was conducted in four Italian regions in 2014–2016. Data were obtained using a questionnaire including: sociodemographic and lifestyle data, TB comorbidities, patient knowledge and attitudes towards TB, stigma, access to TB care and health-seeking behaviours.ParticipantsPatients’ inclusion criteria were being diagnosed as a new smear positive pulmonary TB case and living in one of the participating Italian regions. Overall, 344 patients from 30 healthca…

Knowledge, stigma, health seeking behaviour and its determinants among patients with post kalaazar dermal leishmaniasis, Bihar, India

2018

Background Lesishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease endemic in Bihar, India. Inappropriate health seeking behaviour of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) patients may increase the disease duration, severity and transmissibility. Simultaneously, lack of knowledge and perceived stigma may also increase the length of delay in receiving treatment. This ultimately effects the kala-azar elimination program. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in 120 confirmed PKDL patients, aged 18 years and older. Data related to knowledge and health seeking behaviour was collected by a pre-tested questionnaire. EMIC stigma scale was used for assessing the perceived stigma. Patients were …

How is weight stigma related to children's health-related quality of life? A model comparison approach

2018

Purpose. Obesity is a highly stigmatizing condition for both adults and children, and both obesity and stigma experiences are negatively related with Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). However, the relations among these constructs have been modeled in different and sometimes inconsistent terms in past research, and have been the object of surprisingly few studies in pediatric populations. The present study addresses this gap by comparing, in a sample of pre-adolescent children, four competing models (i.e., additive, mediation, moderation, and moderated-mediation models) accounting for the role of stigma experiences in the concurrent relation between body weight and HRQoL. Methods: A co…