Search results for " Surveillance."

S3-Leitlinie Gesundheitsüberwachung bei Beryllium-Exposition und diagnostisches Vorgehen bei berylliumassoziierter Erkrankung

2013

Current trends on the determination of organic UV filters in environmental water samples based on microextraction techniques – A review

2018

UV filters are a group of cosmetic ingredients commonly used in a wide variety of cosmetic products to protect users from UV solar radiation. They belong to different chemical families, such as benzophenones, p-aminobenzoates, salicylates, cinnamates, benzotriazoles, benzimidazoles, camphor derivatives, triazines, etc. These cosmetic ingredients are considered as emerging contaminants since they easily reach the aquatic environment, where they are accumulated causing harmful effects in the flora and fauna despite being present at the ng L-1 level. Therefore, the development of sensitive and selective analytical methods for their environmental surveillance monitoring is of high interest. In …

Use of Nanomaterial-Based (Micro)Extraction Techniques for the Determination of Cosmetic-Related Compounds

2020

The high consumer demand for cosmetic products has caused the authorities and the industry to require rigorous analytical controls to assure their safety and efficacy. Thus, the determination of prohibited compounds that could be present at trace level due to unintended causes is increasingly important. Furthermore, some cosmetic ingredients can be percutaneously absorbed, further metabolized and eventually excreted or bioaccumulated. Either the parent compound and/or their metabolites can cause adverse health effects even at trace level. Moreover, due to the increasing use of cosmetics, some of their ingredients have reached the environment, where they are accumulated causing harmful effec…

Antigens and immunoevasins: opponents in cytomegalovirus immune surveillance

2002

CD8+ T cells are the main effector cells for the immune control of cytomegaloviruses. To subvert this control, human and mouse cytomegaloviruses each encode a set of immune-evasion proteins, referred to here as immunoevasins, which interfere specifically with the MHC class I pathway of antigen processing and presentation. Although the concerted action of immunoevasins prevents the presentation of certain viral peptides, other viral peptides escape this blockade conditionally or constitutively and thereby provide the molecular basis of immune surveillance by CD8+ T cells. The definition of viral antigenic peptides that are presented despite the presence of immunoevasins adds a further dimens…

Mobilità, sicurezza e nuove frontiere tecnologiche

2018

Mobilità, sicurezza e nuove frontiere tecnologiche sono settori che hanno ormai assunto un ruolo trainante nell’evoluzione/trasformazione del diritto penale e processuale penale dei paesi occidentali, e segnatamente di quelli europei. Su di essi si è incentrato un Modulo Jean Monnet svolto, tra il 2015 e il 2018, presso il Dipartimento di Giurisprudenza dell’Università di Palermo, che ha visto alternarsi, in qualità di relatori, tanto esperti di caratura internazionale quanto giovani studiosi e dottorandi. Questo libro contiene alcuni dei loro contributi: una raccolta che, se certo non esaurisce la trattazione della varietà e complessità di profili che ciascuno dei tre ambiti problematici p…

Geochemical monitoring of groundwaters (1998-2001) at Vesuvius volcano (Italy)

2004

This work presents the results of hydrogeochemical studies carried out at Vesuvius during the period May 1998-December 2001, mostly focusing on compositional time variations observed during this time. Based on their chemistry, groundwater samples are distinguished into two groups, 1 and 2, representative of water circulation in the southern and northern sectors of the volcano, respectively. Waters from group 1 are typically more acidic, warmer, and more saline than those of group 2. They also have higher CO2 and CH4 contents, attributed to enhanced input of deep-rising volatiles and prolonged water-rock interactions. Time-series highlight the fairly constant chemical composition of the enti…

Stalemating a clever opportunist: lessons from murine cytomegalovirus.

2003

Abstract Cytomegaloviruses and their specific hosts have come to an arrangement that avoids disease but allows the viruses to persist in the individual host and to spread in the host species. Recent work has uncovered some of the molecular details of this evolutionary “contract for mutual survival.” Cytomegaloviruses encode proteins, referred to as “immunoevasins,” which are specifically committed to subvert the immune defense of the host for evading virus elimination. In reply, the hosts have evolved countermeasures to overcome the viral immunoevasins and present antigenic peptides to an extent that is sufficient for confining virus replication to below a harmful level. Accordingly, cytome…

Review of 8 years of experience with Infanrix hexa (DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib hexavalent vaccine).

2009

Combination vaccines that include multiple antigens within one formulation are now widely accepted as an effective means of eliciting protection against several diseases at the same time. Owing to improvements in quality and convenient modes of administration, they have become part of routine pediatric practice. Hexavalent vaccines, including diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b antigens represent the latest advance in the development of combination vaccines. Over 8 years since its first licensure, this review looks at the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety profile of the only hexavalent pediatric vaccine currently in use--Infanrix hexa (diph…

BlockSee: Blockchain for IoT video surveillance in smart cities

2018

The growing demand for safety in urban environments is supported by monitoring using video surveillance. The need to analyze multiple video-flows from different cameras deployed around the city by heterogeneous owners introduces vulnerabilities and privacy issues. Video frames, timestamps, and camera settings can be digitally manipulated by malicious users; the positions of cameras, their orientation and their mechanical settings can be physically manipulated. Digital and physical manipulations may have several effects, including the change of the observed scene and the potential violation of neighbors' privacy. To face these risks, we introduce BlockSee, a blockchain-based video surveillan…

Transmission Heterogeneity and Control Strategies for Infectious Disease Emergence

2007

Background The control of emergence and spread of infectious diseases depends critically on the details of the genetic makeup of pathogens and hosts, their immunological, behavioral and ecological traits, and the pattern of temporal and spatial contacts among the age/stage-classes of susceptible and infectious host individuals. Methods and Findings We show that failing to acknowledge the existence of heterogeneities in the transmission rate among age/stage-classes can make traditional eradication and control strategies ineffective, and in some cases, policies aimed at controlling pathogen emergence can even increase disease incidence in the host. When control strategies target for reduction…