Search results for " T-Lymphocytes"
showing 10 items of 495 documents
A New Clinical and Immunovirological Score for Predicting the Risk of Late Severe Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: The CLIV Score
2020
Abstract Background We aimed at constructing a composite score based on Epstein-Barr virus DNAemia (EBVd) and simple clinical and immunological parameters to predict late severe infection (LI) beyond month 6 in solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients. Methods Kidney and liver transplant recipients between May 2014 and August 2016 at 4 participating centers were included. Serum immunoglobulins and complement factors, peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations, and whole blood EBVd were determined at months 1, 3, and 6. Cox regression analyses were performed to generate a weighted score for the prediction of LI. Results Overall, 309 SOT recipients were followed-up for a median of 1000 da…
Monitoring of Trough Plasma Ganciclovir Levels and Peripheral Blood Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-Specific CD8 + T Cells To Predict CMV DNAemia Clearance in …
2014
ABSTRACT It is uncertain whether monitoring plasma ganciclovir (GCV) levels is useful in predicting cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia clearance in preemptively treated allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients. In this observational study, including 13 episodes of CMV DNAemia treated with intravenous (i.v.) GCV or oral valganciclovir, we showed that monitoring trough plasma GCV levels does not reliably predict response to therapy. Rather, immunological monitoring (pp65 and immediate-early [IE]-1-specific gamma interferon [IFN-γ]-producing CD8 + T cells) appeared to perform better for this purpose.
Preferential splenic CD8+ T-cell activation in rituximab-nonresponder patients with immune thrombocytopenia
2013
The pathogenic role of B cells in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has justified the therapeutic use of anti-CD20 antibodies such as rituximab (RTX). However, 60% of ITP patients do not respond to RTX. To decipher the mechanisms implicated in the failure of RTX, and because the spleen plays a well-recognized role in ITP pathogenesis, 12 spleens from ITP patients who had been nonresponders to RTX therapy were compared with 11 spleens from RTX-untreated ITP patients and 9 controls. We here demonstrate that in RTX-nonresponder ITP patients, preferential Th1 and Tc1 T lymphocyte polarizations occur, associated with an increase in splenic effector memory CD8(+) T-cell frequency. Moreover, in the RT…
Vaccination with Mage-3a1 Peptide–Pulsed Mature, Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Expands Specific Cytotoxic T Cells and Induces Regression of Some M…
1999
Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered to be promising adjuvants for inducing immunity to cancer. We used mature, monocyte-derived DCs to elicit resistance to malignant melanoma. The DCs were pulsed with Mage-3A1 tumor peptide and a recall antigen, tetanus toxoid or tuberculin. 11 far advanced stage IV melanoma patients, who were progressive despite standard chemotherapy, received five DC vaccinations at 14-d intervals. The first three vaccinations were administered into the skin, 3 × 106 DCs each subcutaneously and intradermally, followed by two intravenous injections of 6 × 106 and 12 × 106 DCs, respectively. Only minor (less than or equal to grade II) side effects were observed. Immunity t…
TpF1 from Treponema pallidum Activates Inflammasome and Promotes the Development of Regulatory T Cells
2011
Abstract Human syphilis is a multistage disease, with diverse and wide-ranging manifestations caused by Treponema pallidum. Despite the fact that a cell-mediated immune response takes part in the course of syphilis, T. pallidum often manages to evade host immunity and, in untreated individuals, may trigger chronic infection. With this study, we demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that Treponema pallidum induces a regulatory T (Treg) response in patients with secondary syphilis and we found that the miniferritin TpF1, produced by the bacterium, is able to expand this response and promote the production of TGF-β. Accordingly, TpF1 stimulates monocytes to release IL-10 and TGF-β,…
Characterization of the Microenvironment in Positive and Negative Sentinel Lymph Nodes from Melanoma Patients
2015
Melanomas are aggressive skin tumors characterized by high metastatic potential. Our previous results indicate that Natural Killer (NK) cells may control growth of melanoma. The main defect of blood NK cells was a decreased expression of activating NCR1/NKp46 receptor and a positive correlation of NKp46 expression with disease outcome in stage IV melanoma patients was found. In addition, in stage III melanoma patients, we identified a new subset of mature NK cells in macro-metastatic Lymph nodes (LN). In the present studies, we evaluated the numbers of NK cells infiltrating primary cutaneous melanoma and analyzed immune cell subsets in a series of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN). First, we show …
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy is characterized by a specific Th1-M1 polarized immune profile.
2012
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is considered one of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, comprising dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and inclusion body myositis. The heterogeneous group of necrotizing myopathies shows a varying amount of necrotic muscle fibers, myophagocytosis, and a sparse inflammatory infiltrate. The underlying immune response in necrotizing myopathy has not yet been addressed in detail. Affected muscle tissue, obtained from 16 patients with IMNM, was analyzed compared with eight non-IMNM (nIMNM) tissues. Inflammatory cells were characterized by IHC, and immune mediators were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. We demonstrate that immune- and non–immune-…
Functional profile of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD8+ T cells and kinetics of NKG2C+ NK Cells associated with the resolution of CMV DNAemia in al…
2011
Immune mechanisms involved in control of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in the allogeneic stem cell transplantation setting have not been fully disclosed. CMV pp65 and IE-1-specific CD8(+) T cells expressing IFN-γ, TNF-α, and CD107a, alone or in combination, and NKG2C(+) NK cells were prospectively enumerated during 13 episodes of CMV DNAemia. The expansion of monofunctional and polyfunctional CD8(+) T cells was associated with CMV DNAemia clearance. The size and functional diversity of the expanding CD8(+) T-cell population was greater in self-resolved episodes than in episodes treated with antivirals. These differences were related to the magnitude of expansion of cognate antigen IFN-γ C…
Accumulation of dysfunctional effector CD8+T cells in the liver of patients with chronic HCV infection
2005
Background/Aims Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes a chronic infection that can lead to fibrosis and carcinoma. Immune responses mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) could be involved in viral clearance or persistence, and therefore in determining the course of the disease. Methods Intrahepatic and peripheral blood CD8+T cells were obtained from 32 HCV-chronically infected patients and analysed by flow-cytometry for surface markers of differentiation, IFNγ and TNFα production, degranulation capacity and perforin content, after CD3 triggering. Results were compared with those obtained from 13 patients with a non-viral liver disease. Results Intrahepatic CD8+T cells of HCV-infected patients…
Budesonide increases TLR4 and TLR2 expression in Treg lymphocytes of allergic asthmatics
2015
Abstract Background Reduced innate immunity responses as well as reduced T regulatory activities characterise bronchial asthma. Objectives In this study the effect of budesonide on the expression of TLR4 and TLR2 in T regulatory lymphocyte sub-population was assessed. Methods TLR4 and TLR2 expression in total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), in CD4+/CD25+ and in CD4+/CD25− was evaluated, by flow cytometric analysis, in mild intermittent asthmatics (n = 14) and in controls (n = 11). The in vitro effects of budesonide in modulating: TLR4 and TLR2 expression in controls and in asthmatics; IL-10 expression and cytokine release (IL-6 and TNF-α selected by a multiplex assay) in asthmati…