Search results for " TOXICITY"

Acute toxicity of several pesticides to rotifer (Brachionus calyciflorus).

1992

Association of Marginal Leaf Scorch with Sodium Accumulation in Salt-stressed Peach

2000

The effect of specific ion toxicity during salt stress was tested in the present study. The experiment was repeated twice, in 1996 and 1998, with `Nemaguard' peach seedlings and rooted cuttings grown in hydroponics under two NaCl concentrations (50 and 30 mm). Foliage was separated in symptomatic and symptomless leaves and the amount of sodium (Na+) and chloride (C1–) was determined. Significantly higher Na+ content was found in symptomatic than in symptomless leaves in both experiments, whereas in only two of the six cases was Cl– content higher in symptomatic than in symptomless leaves. The Na+ threshold for leaf scorch was somewhere between 4 and 6 mg·g–1 dry weight. Results indicated th…

Ecotoxicological studies with the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus II. An assessment of the chronic toxicity of lindane and 3,4-dichloroani…

1993

The effects of chronic exposure of the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus to the toxicants lindane and 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA), were evaluated. The parameters used to determine the toxicity on these compounds were the age-specific and fertility, and the demographic parameters: intrinsic rate of natural increase (r), generation time (T), net reproductive rate (Ro), reproductive value (Vx) and life expectancy (eo). All the demographic parameters studied decreased with increasing toxicant concentrations. The use of life tables techniques with B. calyciflorus as a test method for the determination of chronic toxicity of xenobiotics is discussed.

Tellurite-dependent blackening of bacteria emerges from the dark ages

2019

Environmental contextAlthough tellurium is a relatively rare element in the earth’s crust, its concentration in some niches can be naturally high owing to unique geology. Tellurium, as the oxyanion, is toxic to prokaryotes, and although prokaryotes have evolved resistance to tellurium, no universal mechanism exists. We review the interaction of tellurite with prokaryotes with a focus on those unique strains that thrive in environments naturally rich in tellurium. AbstractThe timeline of tellurite prokaryotic biology and biochemistry is now over 50 years long. Its start was in the clinical microbiology arena up to the 1970s. The 1980s saw the cloning of tellurite resistance determinants whil…

PATIENT’S COMPLIANCE TO INTRAVESCICAL BCG IN ROUTINE CLINICAL PRACTICE, RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 411 CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS.

2014

Aim of the study BCG maintenance for at least one year is advocated by urological guidelines as the best intravesical regimen in high-risk non muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), conservatively treated. Noteworthy, a relevant percentage of patients does not complete the planned treatment even if toxicity accounted for less that 10% of drop outs in recent multi-institutional trials. The aim of this study was to analyze the reasons for treatment interruption in everyday clinical practice. Materials and methods Consecutive patients affected by T1HG NMIBC undergoing conservative management with adjuvant BCG entered the study. The Connaught BCG strain was administered intravesically, at the …

CORRELATION BETWEEN FIBRONECTIN GENE EXPRESSION AND LOCAL TOXICITY INDUCED BY ADJUVANT INTRAVESICAL THERAPY

2015

Toxicity test of a dental commercial composite

2015

BACKGROUND: International rules must be followed for testing biosecurity in dental materials. A new brand of restorative material appeared in the market and regulations indicated that it should be tested for toxicity. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the 90-day sub chronic toxicity of one triethylene glycol dimethacrylate containing composite (MEDENTAL Light-Cure Composite™) orally administered to rats according to Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development no. 48 guidelines and the requirements specified in the ISO 10993-11. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Wistar rats ate the polymerized composite during 90 days and were observed to determine changes in their behavior, …

Role of biomarkers in monitoring antiblastic cardiotoxicity

2016

Early detection of anticancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity (CTX) has been evaluated by most international scientific cardiology and oncology societies. High expectations have been placed on the use of specific biomarkers. In recent years, conventional biomarkers and molecules of more recent interest have been tested and compared in the context of anticancer drug-related CTX. Encouraging results were obtained from studies on molecules of myocardial damage, such as troponin and markers of myocardial wall stress, including circulating natriuretic peptides, as well as from the assessment of the products of inflammation or circulating levels of free radicals. However, clear guidelines on their se…

Hsp60 Protects against Amyloid β Oligomer Synaptic Toxicity via Modification of Toxic Oligomer Conformation

2019

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. While the etiology of AD remains uncertain, neurotoxic effects of amyloid beta oligomers (Aβo) on synaptic function, a well-established early event in AD, is an attractive area for the development of novel strategies to modify or cease the disease's progression. In this work, we tested the protective action of the mitochondrial chaperone Hsp60 against Aβo neurotoxicity, by determining the direct effect of Hsp60 in changing Aβo toxic conformations and thus reducing their dysfunctional synaptic binding and consequent suppression of long-term potentiation. Our data suggest that Hsp60 has a direct impact on Aβo, resulting in a…

ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 1-Methyl-5- [substituted-4(3H)-oxo-1,2,3-benzotriazin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-acetic Aci…

2010

Abstract Several new 1-methyl-5-[substituted-4-oxo-1,2,3-benzotriazin-3-yl]-1H-pyrazole-4-acetic acids and their ethyl ester derivatives were prepared. The compounds were tested for analgesic and antiinflammatory activities, acute toxicity, ulcerogenic effect, and as in vitro inhibitors of 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α-HSD), since it is claimed that the inhibition of such an enzyme predicts in vivo antiinflammatory activity. Some compounds were more active than phenylbutazone in the phenylbenzoquinone and acetic acid peritonitis tests, and equiactive to the same drug in the carrageenin paw edema test. All the compounds inhibited the 3α-HSD, but no correlation was observed with the paw…