Search results for " TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACEUTICS"

showing 10 items of 461 documents

COVID-19, Cation Dysmetabolism, Sialic Acid, CD147, ACE2, Viroporins, Hepcidin and Ferroptosis: A Possible Unifying Hypothesis.

2022

Background: iron and calcium dysmetabolism, with hyperferritinemia, hypoferremia, hypocalcemia and anemia have been documented in the majority of COVID-19 patients at later/worse stages. Furthermore, complementary to ACE2, both sialic acid (SA) molecules and CD147 proved relevant host receptors for SARS-CoV-2 entry, which explains the viral attack to multiple types of cells, including erythrocytes, endothelium and neural tissue. Several authors advocated that cell ferroptosis may be the core and final cell degenerative mechanism. Methods: a literature research was performed in several scientific search engines, such as PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Chemical Abstract Service. More than 5…

General Immunology and MicrobiologySARS-CoV-2virusesvirus diseasesCOVID-19Endothelial CellsGeneral Medicinebiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyN-Acetylneuraminic AcidViroporin ProteinsHepcidinsCationsferroptosis cations sialic acid iron ferritin calcium viroporins voltage-gated calcium channels cell membrane CD147 ACE2 hepcidin red blood cells hemoglobin mitochondriaFerroptosisHumansAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2General Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsF1000Research
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Perceived stress, sources of stress and coping strategies among undergraduate medical students of Nepal: a cross-sectional study

2022

Background: Medical students are subjected to various stressors throughout their training, which has a considerable impact on their physical and mental health. Some students have positive ways of coping, while others take to maladaptive coping measures. This study aims to assess severity, sources of stress, and coping strategies among medical students of a non-Western low-income country from South Asia. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was carried out. Demographic variables were collected and stress level was assessed using PSS 14 (Perceived Stress Scale 14). The sources of stress were assessed using MSSQ (Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire) and cop…

General Immunology and MicrobiologyviruseseducationGeneral Medicinebiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyF1000Research
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Molecular studies on the toxifying effects by genetically engineered cytochromes P450.

1999

After almost two decades, it is now evident that methodology based on molecular biology and gene technology has dramatically changed the way basic and applied toxicology is being performed. It star...

Genetically engineeredComputational biologyV79 cellsBiologyCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemCricetinaeEnzyme InductionGene technologyAnimalsPharmacology (medical)sense organsGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsGenetic EngineeringDrug metabolism reviews
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Fluorine Scan of Inhibitors of the Cysteine Protease Human Cathepsin L: Dipolar and Quadrupolar Effects in the π-Stacking of Fluorinated Phenyl Rings…

2016

The π-stacking of fluorinated benzene rings on protein backbone amide groups was investigated, using a dual approach comprising enzyme-ligand binding studies complemented by high-level quantum chemical calculations. In the experimental study, the phenyl substituent of triazine nitrile inhibitors of human cathepsin L (hCatL), which stacks onto the peptide amide bond Gly67-Gly68 at the entrance of the S3 pocket, was systematically fluorinated, and differences in inhibitory potency were measured in a fluorimetric assay. Binding affinity is influenced by lipophilicity (clog P), the dipole and quadrupole moments of the fluorinated rings, but also by additional interactions of the introduced fluo…

HalogenationNitrileStereochemistryCathepsin LStackingSubstituentchemistry.chemical_elementPeptideCysteine Proteinase InhibitorsMolecular Dynamics SimulationLigands010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundAmideDrug DiscoveryHumansPeptide bondFluorometryGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsTriazinePharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationBinding SitesTriazines010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryFluorineAmidesProtein Structure Tertiary0104 chemical sciencesKineticschemistryFluorineQuantum TheoryMolecular MedicineHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsChemMedChem
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Herbalists, traditional healers and pharmacists: a view of the tuberculosis in Ghana

2014

This paper is the result of a visit by Brazilian researchers to Ghana, with the aim of improving understanding of the relationship between traditional healers and conventional health practices, specifically in relation to tuberculosis. Through this exploratory visit, this group of researchers promoted by the Edital Pro Africa (CNPq) had an opportunity to learn about, reflect on, and discuss the different social, economic and cultural realities and contexts that have led to the different health conditions and forms of healthcare in Ghana. Besides the direct relationship between the social and economic conditions of the country and the health of its population, it was also concluded that ther…

Healersmedicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisDistancingPopulationAlternative medicineHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)lcsh:RS1-441medicine.disease_causeGhanalcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all)Health caremedicineTuberculosisGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticseducationHerbalistseducation.field_of_studyTraditional medicinebusiness.industryWestern medicineTraditional medicinePublic relationsmedicine.diseasebusinessDeveloped countryWestern medicine
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Prevalence of influenza vaccination among nurses and ancillary workers in Italy: Systematic review and meta analysis

2011

Italian Ministry of Health recommends vaccination for seasonal influenza to all healthcare workers (HCW), particularly to nurses who have an important interaction with patients. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review in order to estimate the pooled prevalence of influenza vaccinations among nurses and ancillary workers in Italy and analyze the enhancing and hindering factors. Results: The review was performed using 15 articles, 6 containing the prevalence of vaccination for nurses and ancillary workers, while the others qualitative analysis. In all the selected articles the score calculation has been performed by using a protocol for observational studies. The nurses and an…

Health Knowledge Attitudes PracticePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyHealth PersonnelImmunologyMEDLINENursesInfluenza vaccination Italy helthcare workers nurses ancillary workersSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataInfluenza vaccinationsinfluenza vaccination; nurses; healthcare workers; ancillary workers; italyQualitative analysisEnvironmental healthInfluenza HumanHealth careMedical StaffHumansMedicineGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceuticshealthcare workersbusiness.industryVaccinationancillary workersinfluenza vaccinationHospitalsVaccinationItalyInfluenza VaccinesMeta-analysisChristian ministryObservational studybusinessHuman Vaccines
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hMG altamente purificada (hMG-HP) versus FSH + LH recombinantes en ciclos de fecundaciòn in vitro: estudio econòmico

2005

El aumento de las parejas que necesitan tratamientos de reproduccion asistida conlleva actualmente implicaciones en los sistemas de salud, y por lo tanto la necesidad de realizar estudios de coste-beneficio. Frente al desarrollo de las gonadotropinas recombinantes, los preparados de origen urinario ofrecen costes mas economicos. En el presente estudio se comparan los resultados en terminos de coste-efectividad por gestacion evolutiva de ciclos de fecundacion in vitro en los que se empleo hMG altamente purificada (hMG-HP) frente a una combinacion de FSH y LH recombinantes. Dicho analisis se ha realizado en ciclos con agonistas y con antagonistas de la GnRH.

Health PolicyPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)PharmacoEconomics Spanish Research Articles
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An Analysis of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Spheroids from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

2023

Aims Current methods to induce tolerance following allotransplantation or in autoimmunity carry significant morbidity, and research is very active in investigating alternative methods which could minimize toxicity. Spheroids from adipose stem cells (SASCs) are increasingly gaining interest, they hold a great proliferative and differentiating potential. An immunomodulatory effect has not been investigated on SASCs yet. In this study, we analysed the immunomodulatory properties of SASCs and compared them to ADSCs. Main methods Adipose stem cells (SASCs and ADSCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from healthy individuals. We analysed the cytokine production and pro…

HistoryPolymers and PlasticsGeneral MedicineGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsBusiness and International ManagementImmunosuppression Adipose tissue Spheroids of adipose stem cell Cell therapyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringSSRN Electronic Journal
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New European legislation on pharmacovigilance

2011

TheEuropeanParliament and theCouncil of the EuropeanUnion have recently adoptedRegulation (EU) No 1235/20101 and Directive 2010/84/EU2 concerning the pharmacovigilance of medicinal products for human use. These and other European institutions have been laying down rules on the subject for decades, but this is the first time they have enacted legislation specifically and (almost) exclusively regulating pharmacovigilance. This paper analyzes the context, causes, objectives, key points and challenges of the new legislation.

Human useHealth PolicyPolitical sciencePharmacovigilanceLegislationContext (language use)Subject (documents)Public administrationDirectivePharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)Pharmaceuticals, Policy and Law
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Hyperhomocysteinemia and Cardiovascular Risk: Effect of Vitamin Supplementation in Risk Reduction

2010

Abstract Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing aminoacid produced during metabolism of methionine. Since 1969 the relationship between altered homocysteine metabolism and both coronary and peripheral atherotrombosis has been known; in recent years experimental evidences have shown that elevated plasma levels of homocysteine are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular ischemic events. Several mechanisms by which elevated homocysteine impairs vascular function have been proposed, including impairment of endothelial function, production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and consequent oxidation of low-density lipids. Folic acid and B vitamins, required for remethyl…

Hyperhomocysteinemiamedicine.medical_specialtyHomocysteineHyperhomocysteinemiachemistry.chemical_compoundFolic AcidRisk FactorsInternal medicinehomocysteine MTHFR cardiovascular disease folate B vitaminsmedicineAnimalsHumansPharmacology (medical)General Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsVitamin supplementationchemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesMethioninebusiness.industryRisk effectGeneral MedicineMetabolismmedicine.diseaseVitamin B 6Vitamin B 12B vitaminsEndocrinologychemistryCardiovascular DiseasesVitamin B ComplexbusinessRisk Reduction BehaviorCurrent Clinical Pharmacology
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