Search results for " TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACEUTICS"

showing 10 items of 461 documents

Beclomethasone/formoterol fixed combination for the management of asthma: patient considerations.

2008

Gabriele Nicolini1, Nicola Scichilone2, Andrea Bizzi3, Alberto Papi4, Leonardo M Fabbri51Medical Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy; 2University of Palermo, DIMPEFINU, Palermo, Italy; 3Department of Scientific Affairs, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy; 4Research Center on Asthma and COPD, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; 5Section of Respiratory Diseases, University of Modena, Modena, ItalyAbstract: Drugs for asthma and other chronic obstructive diseases of the lungs should be preferably delivered by the inhalation route to match therapeutic effects with low systemic exposure. Inhaled drugs are delivered to the lungs via different devices, mainly metered dose inhalers and d…

medicine.medical_specialtyextrafinemoduliteformoterolFormotertolRM1-950ReviewSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioPharmacologybeclomethasoneModuliteExtrafineMedicineBeclomethasone; Extrafine; Formotertol; Modulite;Pharmacology (medical)In patientGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsIntensive care medicineAsthmaChemical Health and SafetyInhalationbusiness.industryInhalerTherapeutic effectBeclomethasoneGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesDry powderDrug deliveryasthma therapyTherapeutics. PharmacologyFormoterolbusinessSafety Researchmedicine.drug
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INT-009 Pharmacokinetics of linezolid and meropenem in intensive care unit patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy

2016

Background Intensive care unit (ICU) patients often suffer from infections and acute renal failure and might need continuous renal replacement therapy commonly applied by veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) or hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). In this case there are no dosage recommendations in the product informations of antibiotics and literature data are scarce. The risk for therapy failure, development of resistance and adverse drug effects is elevated. Purpose Aim of the presented study was to find out if standard therapy of Linezolid (LZ) and Meropenem (MP) results in adequate plasma levels in surgical ICU patients receiving CVVHD(F). Materials and Methods Surgical ICU patients receiving CVVHD…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrymedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentAntibioticsMeropenemIntensive care unitSurgerylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPharmacokineticslawTherapeutic drug monitoringAnesthesiaLinezolidmedicineRenal replacement therapyHemodialysisGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceuticsbusinessmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
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<p>Future perspectives of anticholinergics for the treatment of asthma in adults and children</p>

2019

Despite major advances in therapeutic interventions and the availability of detailed treatment guidelines, a high proportion of patients with symptomatic asthma remain uncontrolled. Asthma management is largely guided by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) strategy and is based on a backbone of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy with the use of additional therapies to achieve disease control. Inhaled long-acting bronchodilators alone and in combination are the preferred add-on treatment options. Although long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) are a relatively recent addition to disease management recommendations for asthma, tiotropium has been extensively studied in a large clinic…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classPsychological intervention030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAsthma managementPlacebo03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAnticholinergicMedicinePharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsDisease management (health)Intensive care medicineAsthmaChemical Health and Safetybiologybusiness.industryGeneral MedicineLamabiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesClinical trialbusinessSafety ResearchTherapeutics and Clinical Risk Management
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Managing Persistent Hypoxemia: what is new?

2017

Mechanical ventilation is the standard life-support technique for patients with severe acute respiratory failure. However, some patients develop persistent and refractory hypoxemia because their lungs are so severely damaged that they are unable to respond to the application of high inspired oxygen concentration and high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure. In this article, we review current knowledge on managing persistent hypoxemia in patients with injured lungs.

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentPhysiologyReviewmechanical ventilationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHypoxemia03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRefractorysevere acute respiratory failuremedicineAcute respiratory failureIn patientGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsIntensive care medicineMechanical ventilationInspired oxygen concentrationhypoxemiaGeneral Immunology and Microbiologypersistent hypoxemiabusiness.industry030208 emergency & critical care medicineGeneral MedicineArticlesrespiratory tract diseases030228 respiratory systemRespiratory Problems in Critical Caremedicine.symptombusinessF1000Research
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Clozapine-related drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome: a systematic review.

2020

The Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a severe, multiorganic, and potentially life-threatening drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction, linked to several common drugs, including antiepileptics, antibiotics, and several psychotropic drugs, including clozapine. Due to the importance of clozapine in the management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia, a systematic review and characterization of clozapine-related DRESS syndrome is long overdue.This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases were independently reviewed up to 1 November 2019 for articles reporting clozapine-relat…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentmacromolecular substances030226 pharmacology & pharmacyDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinehemic and lymphatic diseasesMedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)General Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsAntipsychoticClozapineClozapinebusiness.industrymusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseDermatologyHypersensitivity reactionnervous system030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDrug Hypersensitivity SyndromePolypharmacySchizophreniabusinessmedicine.drugAntipsychotic AgentsExpert review of clinical pharmacology
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Evaluation of Flavonoid Derivative and Doxorubicin Effects in Lung Cancer Cells (A549) Using Differential Pulse Voltammetry Method.

2018

Purpose: Electrochemical measurements have prompted the progress as a consequence of their affectability, cost-affectivity and comparatively short examination time. The aim of this study was the fast evaluation of the effect of chemotherapy compounds on the viability of lung cancer cells (A549) via electrochemical methods. Methods: Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used as a primary method to distinguish between electrochemical behavior of normal and lung cancer cells. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed as a complementary analyses method for the impact of doxorubicin (DOX) and Flavonoid modified drug (FMD) (US patent Application number: 62548886) on Lung cancer cells. Results: Only…

medicine.medical_treatmentFlavonoidPharmaceutical SciencePharmacology01 natural sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyLung neoplasmsElectrochemistrymedicineDoxorubicinGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsLung cancerVoltammetrychemistry.chemical_classificationChemotherapylcsh:RM1-950010401 analytical chemistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesmedicine.disease040401 food science0104 chemical scienceslcsh:Therapeutics. PharmacologychemistryDoxorubicinCancer cellVoltammetryDifferential pulse voltammetryCyclic voltammetryResearch Articlemedicine.drugAdvanced pharmaceutical bulletin
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Structural Manipulations of Marine Natural Products Inspire a New Library of 3-Amino-1,2,4-Triazine PDK Inhibitors Endowed with Antitumor Activity in…

2023

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the main aggressive types of cancer, characterized by late prognosis and drug resistance. Among the main factors sustaining PDAC progression, the alteration of cell metabolism has emerged to have a key role in PDAC cell proliferation, invasion, and resistance to standard chemotherapeutic agents. Taking into account all these factors and the urgency in evaluating novel options to treat PDAC, in the present work we reported the synthesis of a new series of indolyl-7-azaindolyl triazine compounds inspired by marine bis-indolyl alkaloids. We first assessed the ability of the new triazine compounds to inhibit the enzymatic activity of pyruvate de…

nortopsentin analoguespancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); nortopsentin analogues; antitumor activity; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs); cytotoxic activity; metabolic alterations; ligand-based homology modeling; KRASDrug Discoveryligand-based homology modelingKRASPharmaceutical Scienceantitumor activitymetabolic alterationspancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)cytotoxic activitypyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs)
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Synthesis and Molecular Modeling Studies of Derivatives of a Highly Potent Peptidomimetic Vinyl Ester as Falcipain-2 Inhibitors

2012

Herein we report the synthesis of a set of constrained peptidomimetics endowed with an electrophilic vinyl ester warhead and structurally related to a previously identified lead compound, a potent and irreversible inhibitor of falcipain-2 (FP-2). FP-2 is the main hemoglobinase of the malaria parasite P. falciparum. The new compounds were evaluated for their inhibition against FP-2, and the results were rationalized on the basis of docking experiments. These studies underscore the pivotal role of both the ester function at the P1' site and the trifluoromethyl group of the P3 side chain in determining the correct orientation of the Michael acceptor warhead in the catalytic site, and as a cons…

peptidomimeticdMolecular modelPeptidomimeticStereochemistryPlasmodium falciparumVinyl esterBiochemistrycysteine proteasesfalcipain-2 inhibitorsAntimalarialschemistry.chemical_compoundCatalytic DomainDrug DiscoverySide chainHumansEnzyme InhibitorsMalaria FalciparumGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsPharmacologyTrifluoromethylOrganic Chemistrydocking studiescysteine proteases; peptidomimeticd; docking studies; falcipain-2 inhibitorsMolecular Docking SimulationCysteine EndopeptidaseschemistryDocking (molecular)Michael reactionMolecular MedicinePeptidomimeticsLead compoundChemMedChem
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Pharmacy Practice and Education in Latvia

2018

Pharmacies in Bulgaria have a monopoly on the dispensing of medicinal products that are authorized in the Republic of Bulgaria, as well as medical devices, food additives, cosmetics, and sanitary/hygienic articles. Aptekari (pharmacists) act as responsible pharmacists, pharmacy owners, and managers. They follow a five year Masters of Science in Pharmacy (M.Sc. Pharm.) degree course with a six month traineeship. Pomoshnik-farmacevti (assistant pharmacists) follow a three year degree with a six month traineeship. They can prepare medicines and dispense OTC medicines under the supervision of a pharmacist. The first and second year of the M.Sc. Pharm. degree are devoted to chemical sciences, ma…

pharmacymedicine.medical_specialtyHigher educationPharmacistlcsh:RS1-441PharmacyArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicapharmacy; education; practice; Latvia; European Unionmedicinemedia_common.cataloged_instancePharmacology (medical)BulgarianEuropean UnionGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsEuropean unionmedia_commoneducationbusiness.industryRedactionLatviapracticelanguage.human_languagePharmaceutical careFamily medicinelanguagePharmacy practicebusinessPharmacy
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Lessons learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic: results of EAHP survey on the future crisis preparedness of hospital pharmacies

2021

Aim The present survey aimed to collect information on the lessons learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic by hospital pharmacists. It focused on the shortages of health goods and the experiences of hospitals during the first phase of the crisis. Methods A 17-question survey was conducted by EAHP, looking at the experiences of hospital pharmacists during the COVD-19 pandemic. The survey ran from 16 September to 23 December 2020. Statistical analysis included backward stepwise logistic regression (BSLR), Pearson’s χ2 test, t-test and one-way ANOVA, as appropriate; p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results 1466 hospital pharmacists answered the survey fully. 58%, 63% and 69% of them …

pharmacymedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationPharmacyHealth carePandemicmedicineHumansGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsHospital pharmacyhospitaleducationSurveyPersonal protective equipmentPandemicsPharmacieseducation.field_of_studyeducationbusiness.industryPublic healthpublic healthCOVID-19Hospitalscritical carepharmacy servicePreparednessFamily medicinebusinessDisinfectantsEuropean Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
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