Search results for " Thermal"

showing 10 items of 492 documents

Evaluation of the ERA5 reanalysis-based Universal Thermal Climate Index on mortality data in Europe

2021

Air temperature has been the most commonly used exposure metric in assessing relationships between thermal stress and mortality. Lack of the high-quality meteorological station data necessary to adequately characterize the thermal environment has been one of the main limitations for the use of more complex thermal indices. Global climate reanalyses may provide an ideal platform to overcome this limitation and define complex heat and cold stress conditions anywhere in the world. In this study, we explored the potential of the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) based on ERA5 – the latest global climate reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) – as a h…

Distributed lagPercentileHot TemperatureClimateMeteorologi och atmosfärforskning610 Medicine & healthReanalysisThermal stressWind010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesBiochemistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine360 Social problems & social servicesERA5-HEAT030212 general & internal medicineMean radiant temperatureCities610 Medicine & health0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceCold; ERA5; ERA5-HEAT; Heat; Reanalysis; Thermal stress; UTCI; Cities; Europe; Wind; Climate; Hot TemperatureThermal comfortClimate indexHeatEuropeMortality dataMeteorology and Atmospheric SciencesAir temperatureClimatologyUTCIEnvironmental scienceERA5Metric (unit)Cold ; Era5 ; Era5-heat ; Heat ; Reanalysis ; Thermal Stress ; Utci360 Social problems & social servicesCold
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From the Golgi-Cajal mapping to the transmitter-based characterization of the neuronal networks leading to two modes of brain communication: Wiring a…

2007

After Golgi-Cajal mapped neural circuits, the discovery and mapping of the central monoamine neurons opened up for a new understanding of interneuronal communication by indicating that another form of communication exists. For instance, it was found that dopamine may be released as a prolactin inhibitory factor from the median eminence, indicating an alternative mode of dopamine communication in the brain. Subsequently, the analysis of the locus coeruleus noradrenaline neurons demonstrated a novel type of lower brainstem neuron that monosynaptically and globally innervated the entire CNS. Furthermore, the ascending raphe serotonin neuron systems were found to globally innervate the forebrai…

DopamineTortuosityBrain functionWiring transmissionSynaptic TransmissionDiffusionDual probe microdialysisMicrofluorimetrychemistry.chemical_compoundCatecholaminesPressure gradientsVolume transmissionHistofluorescenceLocus coeruleusExtracellular spaceNeurological and mental disordersNeurotransmitterNeuronsNeurotransmitter AgentsGeneral NeuroscienceBrain5-HydroxytryptamineAmygdalamedicine.anatomical_structure5-Hydroxytryptamine; Amygdala; Brain function; Brain uncoupling protein-2; Catecholamines; CA turnover; Clearance; Diffusion; Dopamine; Dorsal raphe; Dual probe microdialysis; Extracellular space; Extrasynaptic receptors; Histofluorescence; Local circuits; Locus coeruleus; Mapping of monoamine neurons; Microdensitometry; Microfluorimetry; Neurological and mental disorders; Noradrenaline; Nucleus accumbens; Pressure gradients; Receptor mosaics; Receptor–receptor interactions; Substantia nigra; Thermal gradients; Tortuosity; Transmitter–receptor mismatches; Volume fraction; Volume transmission; Wiring transmissionClearanceNucleus accumbensCA turnoverLocal circuitsReceptor–receptor interactionsSilver StainingMapping of monoamine neuronsModels NeurologicalNeurotransmissionBiologySerotonergicSubstantia nigramedicineBiological neural networkAnimalsHumansThermal gradientsTransmitter–receptor mismatchesVolume fractionExtrasynaptic receptorsMonoamine neurotransmitterchemistryReceptor mosaicsForebrainNoradrenalineLocus coeruleusBrain uncoupling protein-2Neurology (clinical)NeuronNerve NetMicrodensitometry5-Hydroxytryptamine Amygdala Brain function Brain uncoupling protein-2 Catecholamines CA turnover Clearance DiffusionNeuroscienceDorsal raphe
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A novel approach to prevent graphene oxide re-aggregation during the melt compounding with polymers

2015

Abstract The technology for the preparation of polymer-GO nanocomposites was investigated by studying the structure-properties relationships of two different systems, based on PA6 and EVA, fabricated by using different preparation methods, i.e. melt mixing, wet phase inversion, and the combination of the two. The morphology of nanocomposites resulted dramatically influenced by the technique adopted and showed to be the critical variable affecting the physical properties of the materials. Finally, the mechanical and dynamic-mechanical of the nanocomposites were improved by using the hybrid technique combining the two procedures.

Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA); Graphene; Interphase; Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); Raman spectroscopy; Engineering (all); Ceramics and CompositesPolymer-matrix composites (PMCs)Materials scienceOxidelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeEngineering (all)lawComposite materialInterphasechemistry.chemical_classificationDynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA)NanocompositeMelt mixingGrapheneGeneral EngineeringPolymerSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryCompoundingRaman spectroscopyCeramics and CompositessymbolsGrapheneRaman spectroscopyPhase inversionComposites Science and Technology
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Analysis of Protected Accidental Transients in the EFIT Reactor With the RELAP5 Thermal-Hydraulic Code

2008

The European Facility for Industrial Transmutation (EFIT) is aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of transmutation process through the Accelerator Driven System (ADS) route on an industrial scale. The conceptual design of this reactor of about 400 MW thermal power is under development in the frame of the European EUROTRANS Integrated Project of the EURATOM Sixth Framework Program (FP6). EFIT is a pool-type reactor cooled by forced circulation of lead in the primary system where the heat is removed by steam generators installed inside the reactor vessel. The reactor power is sustained by a spallation neutron source supplied by a proton beam impinging on a lead target at the core centre. A …

EFIT reactor RELAP5 thermal-hydraulic code protected accidental transientsEngineeringNuclear transmutationWaste managementbusiness.industryNuclear engineeringThermal power stationHeat sinkThermal hydraulicsNatural circulationDecay heatbusinessReactor pressure vesselSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariThermal energyVolume 3: Thermal Hydraulics; Instrumentation and Controls
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Batch Methods for Resolution Enhancement of TIR Image Sequences

2015

Thermal infrared (TIR) time series are exploited by many methods based on Earth observation (EO), for such applications as agriculture, forest management, and meteorology. However, due to physical limitations, data acquired by a single sensor are often unsatisfactory in terms of spatial or temporal resolution. This issue can be tackled by using remotely sensed data acquired by multiple sensors with complementary features. When nonreal-time functioning or at least near real-time functioning is admitted, the measurements can be profitably fed to a sequential Bayesian algorithm, which allows to account for the correlation embedded in the successive acquisitions. In this work, we focus on appli…

Earth observationAtmospheric ScienceBayesian smoothing methodComputer scienceBayesian probabilityInterval (mathematics)Thermal imagecomputer.software_genreremote sensingComputers in Earth ScienceSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliComputer visionimage enhancementComputers in Earth SciencesImage resolutionThermal imagesbusiness.industrySettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaBayesian smoothing methodsinterpolationTemporal resolutioncloud detectionBatch processingBayesian smoothing methods; cloud detection; image enhancement; interpolation; remote sensing; Thermal images; Computers in Earth Sciences; Atmospheric ScienceData miningArtificial intelligencebusinessFocus (optics)computerSmoothingSettore ICAR/06 - Topografia E Cartografia
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Carbon dioxide diffuse emission and thermal energy release from hydrothermal systems at Copahue-Caviahue Volcanic Complex (Argentina)

2015

Fil: Chiodini, Giovanni. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Bologna. Bologna, Italia. Fil: Cardellini, Carlo. Università degli Studi di Perugia, Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia. Perugia, Italy. Fil: Lamberti, María C. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Agusto, Mariano. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Caselli, Alberto Tomás Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiología y Geología. Río Negro. Argentina. Fil: Liccioli, Caterina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Estudios Andinos. Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fil: Tambure…

Earth scienceGeochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementThermal energyCO2 DIFFUSETHERMAL ENERGYHydrothermal circulationCiencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio AmbienteCopahue Volcano CO2 Diffuse Degasingchemistry.chemical_compoundVulcanologíaGeochemistry and PetrologyCalderaCaviahue Calderageographygeography.geographical_feature_categorybusiness.industryFumaroleCopahue Volcano CO2 diffuse degasingSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaGeophysicschemistryVolcanoCAVIAHUE CALDERASoil waterCarbon dioxideCaviahue Caldera Copahue Volcano CO2 diffuse degasing Thermal energyCOPAHUE VOLCANObusinessCO2 fluxCarbonThermal energyGeologyCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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Energy management strategy to reduce pollutant emissions during the catalyst light-off of parallel hybrid vehicles

2020

Abstract The transportation sector is a major contributor to both air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Hybrid electric vehicles can reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions by optimizing the energy management of the powertrain. The purpose of this study is to examine the trade-off between regulated pollutant emissions and hybrid powertrain efficiency. The thermal dynamics of the three-way catalyst are taken into account in order to optimize the light-off. Experimental campaigns are conducted on a spark-ignition engine to introduce simplified models for emissions, exhaust gas temperature, catalyst heat transfers and efficiency. These models are used to determine the optimal distribut…

Electric motorEnergy managementPowertrain020209 energyENERGY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY02 engineering and technologyPOLLUTANT EMISSIONSManagement Monitoring Policy and LawEFFICACITE ENERGETIQUE7. Clean energyAutomotive engineering[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]020401 chemical engineeringCATALYST THERMAL BEHAVIOR0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering0204 chemical engineeringHeat engineFUEL CONSUMPTIONMechanical EngineeringExhaust gasBuilding and ConstructionHYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLEGeneral EnergyDYNAMIC PROGRAMMINGCONSOMMATION DE CARBURANT13. Climate actionGreenhouse gasFuel efficiencyPOLLUTION ATMOSPHERIQUEEnvironmental scienceDriving cycleVEHICULE HYBRIDE
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A weakly-interacting many-body system of Rydberg polaritons based on electromagnetically induced transparency

2020

We proposed utilizing a medium with a high optical depth (OD) and a Rydberg state of low principal quantum number, $n$, to create a weakly-interacting many-body system of Rydberg polaritons, based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We experimentally verified the mean field approach to weakly-interacting Rydberg polaritons, and observed the phase shift and attenuation induced by the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). The DDI-induced phase shift or attenuation can be viewed as a consequence of the elastic or inelastic collisions among the Rydberg polaritons. Using a weakly-interacting system, we further observed that a larger DDI strength caused a width of the mome…

Electromagnetically induced transparencyAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)QC1-999Inelastic collisionGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsAstrophysicsPhysics - Atomic Physicssymbols.namesakePrincipal quantum numberBose-Einstein condensation ; room-temperature ; single photons ; thermalization ; optics ; gasPolaritonPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum informationPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter::OtherPhysicsQB460-466Rydberg atomRydberg formulasymbolsRydberg stateAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Review of sustainable solar hydrogen production using photon fuel on artificial leaf

2017

Abstract Energy conversion from the renewable energy sources with suitable energy storage plays a vital role in the sustainable development. Sustainable hydrogen production from the solar energy is well suited for energy storage applications because of inherent high mass energy density of hydrogen. This manuscript reviewing the techniques required for the sustainable solar hydrogen production using photon fuel on artificial leaf, i.e. solar cell. The designing and assembling of artificial solar leaf, which is the replica of natural leaf and capable of harnessing full solar spectrum, are deliberated. This technology for sustainable solar hydrogen production will overlay a viable way for more…

Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesEnergy storagelaw.inventionlawSolar cellAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsEnergy transformationProcess engineeringHydrogen productionRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSolar energySolar fuel0104 chemical sciencesRenewable energyPhotovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectorFuel TechnologyPhysics::Space PhysicsEnvironmental science0210 nano-technologybusinessInternational Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Hidden energy and environmental loads of solar thermal collectors: A case study.

2001

The general aim of this work was to investigate a solar thermal collector and the energetic and environmental impacts related to this renewable technology. It was realised an eco-profile of an exemplary equipment, calculating the Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) and the Cumulative Emissions related to the production and use of a collector and the energy (or emissions) saved employing the renewable technology.

Energy demandWork (electrical)business.industryThermalEnvironmental scienceProduction (economics)Renewable technologiesProcess engineeringbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Uncertainty analysisSolar thermal collectorJournal of Advanced Science
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