Search results for " Thermodynamics"

showing 10 items of 288 documents

An energy residual-based approach to gradient effects within the mechanics of generalized continua

2012

AbstractGeneralized continua exhibiting gradient effects are addressed through a method grounded on the energy residual (ER)-based gradient theory by the first author and coworkers. A main tool of this theory is the Clausius-Duhem inequality cast in a form differing from the classical one only by a nonstandard extra term, the (nonlocality) ER, required to satisfy the insulation condition (its global value has to vanish or to take a known value). The ER carries in the nonlocality features of the mechanical problem through a strain-like rate field, being the specific nonlocality source, and a concomitant higher-order long-range stress (or microstress) field. The thermodynamic restrictions on …

PhysicsGradient plasticitycosserat continuaMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Mechanicsgeneralized continuaResidualgradient plasticityMechanics of MaterialsTJ1-1570nonlocal continuum thermodynamicsMechanical engineering and machinerygradient elasticityEnergy (signal processing)Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials
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Hawking Radiation by Kerr Black Holes and Conformal Symmetry

2010

The exponential blueshift associated with the event horizon of a black hole makes conformal symmetry play a fundamental role in accounting for its thermal properties. Using a derivation based on two-point functions, we show that the full spectrum of thermal radiation of scalar particles by Kerr black holes can be explicitly derived on the basis of a conformal symmetry arising in the wave equation near the horizon. The simplicity of our approach emphasizes the depth of the connection between conformal symmetry and black hole radiance.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryAstrofísicaEvent horizonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaConformal anomalyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyPartícules (Física nuclear)Black holeMicro black holeGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Conformal symmetryQuantum mechanicsExtremal black holeCamps Teoria quàntica deBlack hole thermodynamicsHawking radiation
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Quantum Gravity Effects in the Kerr Spacetime

2010

We analyze the impact of the leading quantum gravity effects on the properties of black holes with nonzero angular momentum by performing a suitable renormalization group improvement of the classical Kerr metric within Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG). In particular we explore the structure of the horizons, the ergosphere, and the static limit surfaces as well as the phase space avilable for the Penrose process. The positivity properties of the effective vacuum energy momentum tensor are also discussed and the "dressing" of the black hole's mass and angular momentum are investigated by computing the corresponding Komar integrals. The pertinent Smarr formula turns out to retain its classical f…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsGeneral relativityAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaKerr metricFOS: Physical sciencesPenrose processBlack holeGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyClassical mechanicsRotating black holeHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Total angular momentum quantum numberSemiclassical gravityBlack hole thermodynamics
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Quantum evolution of near-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes

2000

We study the near-horizon AdS_2\timesS^2 geometry of evaporating near-extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes interacting with null matter. The non-local (boundary) terms t_{\pm}, coming from the effective theory corrected with the quantum Polyakov-Liouville action, are treated as dynamical variables. We describe analytically the evaporation process which turns out to be compatible with the third law of thermodynamics, i.e., an infinite amount of time is required for the black hole to decay to extremality. Finally we comment briefly on the implications of our results for the information loss problem.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsNull (mathematics)FOS: Physical sciencesBoundary (topology)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Information lossAction (physics)Quantum evolutionGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyPartícules (Física nuclear)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Effective field theoryCamps Teoria quàntica deQuantumThird law of thermodynamicsMathematical physics
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Entropy function from toric geometry

2021

It has recently been claimed that a Cardy-like limit of the superconformal index of 4d $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM accounts for the entropy function, whose Legendre transform corresponds to the entropy of the holographic dual AdS$_5$ rotating black hole. Here we study this Cardy-like limit for $\mathcal{N}=1$ toric quiver gauge theories, observing that the corresponding entropy function can be interpreted in terms of the toric data. Furthermore, for some families of models, we compute the Legendre transform of the entropy function, comparing with similar results recently discussed in the literature.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciQuiverFOS: Physical sciencesToric varietyBlack hole entropy Black hole microstates superconformal index AdS/CFTQC770-798Binary entropy functionLegendre transformationEntropy (classical thermodynamics)symbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Rotating black holeNuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivitysymbolsLimit (mathematics)Gauge theoryMathematical physicsNuclear Physics B
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Nonequilibrium dressing in a cavity with a movable reflecting mirror

2017

We consider a movable mirror coupled to a one-dimensional massless scalar field in a cavity. Both the field and the mirror's mechanical degrees of freedom are described quantum-mechanically, and they can interact each other via the radiation pressure operator. We investigate the dynamical evolution of mirror and field starting from a nonequilibrium initial state, and their local interaction which brings the system to a stationary configuration for long times. This allows us to study the time-dependent dressing process of the movable mirror interacting with the field, and its dynamics leading to a local equilibrium dressed configuration. Also, in order to explore the effect of the radiation …

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryQuantum Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesHarmonic potential01 natural sciencesVacuum fluctuations. Energy density. Dynamical Casimir effectMassless particlesymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsRadiation pressureHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Bounded function0103 physical sciencessymbols010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Scalar fieldQuantum
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Flavor vacuum entanglement in boson mixing

2021

Mixing transformations in quantum field theory are non-trivial, since they are intimately related to the unitary inequivalence between Fock spaces for fields with definite mass and fields with definite flavor. Considering the superposition of two neutral scalar (spin-0) bosonic fields, we investigate some features of the emerging condensate structure of the flavor vacuum. In particular, we quantify the flavor vacuum entanglement in terms of the von Neumann entanglement entropy of the reduced state. Furthermore, in a suitable limit, we show that the flavor vacuum has a structure akin to the thermal vacuum of Thermo Field Dynamics, with a temperature dependent on both the mixing angle and the…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryQuantum PhysicsField (physics)Scalar (physics)FOS: Physical sciencesQuantum entanglement01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasFock spaceEntropy (classical thermodynamics)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesQuantum field theoryQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsMixing (physics)Boson
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Real-time switching between multiple steady-states in quantum transport

2010

Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0.

PhysicsHistoryCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsBistabilityBandwidth (signal processing)FOS: Physical sciencesNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsModel systemBiasing02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaComputer Science ApplicationsEducationQuantum transportMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesTime switchingStatistical physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Black hole entropy in loop quantum gravity

2012

4 pags., 2 figs. -- Loops 11: Non-Perturbative / Background Independent Quantum Gravity 23–28 May 2011, Madrid, Spain

PhysicsHistoryEvent horizonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaWhite holeImmirzi parameterComputer Science ApplicationsEducationGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyMicro black holeClassical mechanicsExtremal black holeddc:530Black hole thermodynamicsBlack hole complementarityHawking radiation
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Loop quantum gravity and Planck-size black hole entropy

2007

The Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) program is briefly reviewed and one of its main applications, namely the counting of black hole entropy within the framework is considered. In particular, recent results for Planck size black holes are reviewed. These results are consistent with an asymptotic linear relation (that fixes uniquely a free parameter of the theory) and a logarithmic correction with a coefficient equal to -1/2. The account is tailored as an introduction to the subject for non-experts.

PhysicsHistoryLogarithmFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Loop quantum gravityLinear-quadratic-Gaussian controlGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyComputer Science ApplicationsEducationsymbols.namesakeTheoretical physicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologysymbolsLinear relationPlanckBlack hole thermodynamicsFree parameter
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