Search results for " Trade"

Desertions in nineteenth-century shipping: modelling quit behaviour

2013

Ship jumping in foreign ports was widespread throughout the age of sail. Desertion by seamen was illegal, it occurred abroad, and men who deserted only seldom returned home. We analyse desertion quantitatively and link it to the broader question of quit behaviour and labour turnover. Though the better wages paid at the foreign ports were the main reason for desertion, the regression model of the determinants of desertion indicates that outside opportunities, such as migration, and monetary incentives played a significant role in the nineteenth-century labour market, characterized by rather strict control over labour supply, working conditions, and terms of trade. Copyright , Oxford Universi…

Assessing commodity price risks and terms of trade exposures in emerging and developing countries

2020

This paper provides novel evidence on commodity exposure (impacts of commodity price and terms of trade fluctuations) amongst 46 emerging and developing countries (EMDCs) in Africa, Asia and the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region. We focus on the exposures of six macroeconomic variables to the commodity prices and terms of trade, based on the real business cycle (RBC) theory. Our empirical results indicate that, overall, about 10% of the macroeconomic variation amongst the EMDCs is due to commodity market-related exposures. The Asian and LAC economies are especially sensitive to changes in commodity prices. The changes in the prices of world trade have an imminent impact on non-commo…

Stakeholder relations as social capital in early modern international trade

2008

Stakeholder relations that are available through networks of various sorts are one benefit from social capital. According to the stakeholder approach to organisations, those relationships that contain most of the important attributes – such as power, legitimacy, frequency of contact and urgency – hypothetically dominate the business environment. This has caused modern corporations to view chiefly the dominant stakeholders as important. This study tests the importance of these attributes in early modern international trade; in other words, which attributes played a major role in the relations between Finnish tradesmen and their foreign contacts? The archives of two major Finnish trading hous…

Capilaridad de la manufactura textil en la Plana de Castelló. El caso de Onda en el siglo XV

2010

Onda, a locality with an oscillating population between 300 and 600 dwellings in the 15th century and with Moslems and Jews in the local work, becomes a new piece of the puzzle that lets us see the capillarity of the wool textile manufacture in “La Plana de Castelló”. This capillarity can be seen in the production of clothes, just like in the raw material trade or in the movement of craftsmen. To approach this situation we have basically used the series of documents of the judge of the village kept in the “Archivo del Reino de Valencia”.<br><br>Onda, localidad con un volumen demográfico oscilante entre 300-600 fuegos en el transcurso del siglo XV, con presencia de mudéjares y ju…

Contemporary growth studies and Eastern Europe : from scholar debates towards a comparative analysis on Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland and Romania, 1970-1…

2000

THE MEDITERRANEAN'S GOLD: WHICH COMMERCIAL PROSPECTS FOR THE THUNNUS THYNNUS IN ITALY?

2019

By taking into consideration the relevant role, in the international trade of Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus), played by Italy, aim of this work is assess the change in the Italian competitive advantage in the international market over the last decade (2008/2017), as a consequence of the Total Allowable Catch system together with size limits set by the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT). Investigating the main changes occurred in the Italian international trade balance, by focusing the attention on the relations with the main commercial partners operating in this industry, is of relevant importance to make available updated data to policy makers, managers…

Food-mediated modulation of immunity in a phytophagous insect: An effect of nutrition rather than parasitic contamination.

2015

7 pages; International audience; Inherent to the cost of immunity, the immune system itself can exhibit tradeoffs between its arms. Phytophagous insects face a wide range of microbial and eukaryotic parasites, each activating different immune pathways that could compromise the activity of the others. Feeding larvae are primarily exposed to microbes, which growth is controlled by antibiotic secondary metabolites produced by the host plant. The resulting variation in abundance of microbes on plants is expected to differentially stimulate the insect antimicrobial immune defenses. Under the above tradeoff hypothesis, stimulation of the insect antimicrobial defenses is expected to compromise imm…

L'applicazione della CITES in Europa

2008

Modeling the influence of alternative forest management scenarios on wood production and carbon storage: A case study in the Mediterranean region

2016

Forest ecosystems are fundamental for the terrestrial biosphere as they deliver multiple essential ecosystem services (ES). In environmental management, understanding ES distribution and interactions and assessing the economic value of forest ES represent future challenges. In this study, we developed a spatially explicit method based on a multi-scale approach (MiMoSe-Multiscale Mapping of ecosystem services) to assess the current and future potential of a given forest area to provide ES. To do this we modified and improved the InVEST model in order to adapt input data and simulations to the context of Mediterranean forest ecosystems. Specifically, we integrated a GIS-based model, scenario …

Incheon, vitrine de la Corée du Sud et masque de Séoul

2007

National audience; The present South Korean government's ambition is to give the port of Incheon the new aspect of a global city thanks to a gigantic free trade zone. The constraints met at different scales lead to wonder about the possibility for Incheon to gain a real international influence. Despite the extent of current improvements which also aim at reducing the size of Seoul, Incheon cannot claim to go beyond its role as a gateway to the capital city whose global functions are deeply rooted in the Korean urban system; Le gouvernement sud-coréen actuel a pour ambition de donner à la ville portuaire d'Incheon un nouveau visage, celui d'une ville globale, grâce à une gigantesque zone fra…