Search results for " Tuberculosis"

showing 10 items of 213 documents

Mycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex lineage 5 exhibits high levels of within-lineage genomic diversity and differing gene content compared to the type …

2020

AbstractPathogens of theMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTBC) are considered monomorphic, with little gene content variation between strains. Nevertheless, several genotypic and phenotypic factors separate the different MTBC lineages (L), especially L5 and L6 (traditionally termedMycobacterium africanum), from each other. However, genome variability and gene content especially of L5 and L6 strains have not been fully explored and may be potentially important for pathobiology and current approaches for genomic analysis of MTBC isolates, including transmission studies.We compared the genomes of 358 L5 clinical isolates (including 3 completed genomes and 355 Illumina WGS (whole genome seque…

Genetics0303 health sciencesLineage (genetic)030306 microbiologySequence assemblySingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologybiology.organism_classificationGenome3. Good health03 medical and health sciencesMycobacterium tuberculosis complexGeneMycobacterium africanum030304 developmental biologyReference genome
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An overview of the role of T cells in controlling tuberculosis infection in a pediatric population

2015

The most significant immunological studies of tuberculosis (TB) infection have involved adult patients. Few studies about the immune repertoire have been conducted in children. The purpose of this paper is to focus on cellular immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis by reviewing our studies conducted on children with different forms of TB infection between 1998 and 2006. Although the gold standard of TB diagnosis remains isolation of TB bacillus that also allows estimation of pattern of resistance of M. tuberculosis, the study of immune response can be useful for the early diagnosis and therapeutic follow-up of pediatric TB.

Immune repertoireTB bacillusTuberculosisbiologyAdult patientsIsolation (health care)business.industrybiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseMycobacterium tuberculosisInfectious DiseasesImmune systemPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthImmunologymedicineImmune response tuberculosis childrenbusinessPediatric population
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Impact of MHC class I alleles on the M. tuberculosis antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell response in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

2007

Challenged by scattered understanding of protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), we have mapped peptide epitopes to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0101, A*0201, A*1101, A*2402, B*0702, B*0801 and B*1501 of the secreted mycobacterial antigen Ag85B, a vaccine candidate that may be associated with immune protection. Affinity (ED(50)) and half-life (t(1/2), off-rate) analysis for individual peptide species on HLA-A and HLA-B molecules revealed binding ranges between 10(-3) and 10(-7) M. After selection of the best matches, major histocompatibility complex class I/peptide tetramer complexes were constructed to measure the CD8+ T-cell responses directly ex vivo in peripheral blo…

ImmunologyGenes MHC Class IPeptide bindingHuman leukocyte antigenCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesMajor histocompatibility complexEpitopeMycobacterium tuberculosisMHC class IGeneticsHumansCytotoxic T cellTuberculosis PulmonaryAllelesCells CulturedGenetics (clinical)HLA-A AntigensbiologyMycobacterium tuberculosisFlow Cytometrybiology.organism_classificationVirologyMolecular biologyHLA-B Antigensbiology.proteinEpitope MappingCD8Genes & Immunity
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In vitro evaluation of poloxamer in situ forming gels for bedaquiline fumarate salt and pharmacokinetics following intramuscular injection in rats

2019

Graphical abstract

In situPO Propylene oxideIV IntravenousP338 Poloxamer 338lcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundn Sample sizeSD Standard deviationIM Intramuscularchemistry.chemical_classificationC0 Analyte plasma concentration at time zeroDoE Design of experimentsUV UltravioletPharmacology. TherapyK2.EDTA Potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acidLC–MS/MS Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryH&E Hematoxylin and eosintmax Sampling time to reach the maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIn situ forming gelsCMC Critical micellar concentrationCmax Maximum observed analyte plasma concentrationIntramuscular injectionDN Dose normalizedGPT Gel point temperaturePLGA Poly-(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid)TFA Trifluoroacetic acidCAN AcetonitrileATP Adenosine 5′ triphosphateSalt (chemistry)Polyethylene glycolPoloxamerArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicaPharmacokineticsIn vivoUHPLC Ultra-high performance liquid chromatographyPharmacokineticsAUClast Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to the time of the last measurable (non-below quantification level) concentrationEO Ethylene oxideNMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidoneComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSAUC∞ Area under the analyte concentration vs time curve from time zero to infinite timeP407 Poloxamer 407In vitro releasePoloxamerCMT Critical micellar temperatureGel erosionIn vitrot1/2 Apparent terminal elimination half-lifechemistryMDR-TB Multi-drug resistant tuberculosisAUC80h Area under the analyte concentration versus time curve from time zero to 80 htlast Sampling time until the last measurable (non-below quantification level) analyte plasma concentrationMRM Multiple reaction monitoringNuclear chemistrySustained releaseInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics: X
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Updated insights into the mechanism of action and clinical profile of the immunoadjuvant QS-21: A review

2019

Background Vaccine adjuvants are compounds that significantly enhance/prolong the immune response to a co-administered antigen. The limitations of the use of aluminium salts that are unable to elicite cell responses against intracellular pathogens such as those causing malaria, tuberculosis, or AIDS, have driven the development of new alternative adjuvants such as QS-21, a triterpene saponin purified from Quillaja saponaria. Purpose The aim of this review is to attempt to clarify the mechanism of action of QS-21 through either receptors or signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo with special emphasis on the co-administration with other immunostimulants in new adjuvant formulations, called a…

InflammasomesT-Lymphocytesmedicine.medical_treatmentHerpes zosterPharmaceutical ScienceMonophosphoryl Lipid AAPCs antigen presenting cellsMiceCMI cell mediated immunity0302 clinical medicineDrug DiscoveryHerpes Zoster VaccineMedicineNSCLC non small cell lung carcinomaCancerImmunity CellularVaccines Synthetic0303 health sciencesImmunogenicityIl-2 interleukine 2HIV human immunodeficiency virusLipid A030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCytokinesMolecular MedicineDCs dendritic cellsNK natural killerAdjuvantTLR Toll-like receptorHerpes Zoster VaccineCD cluster of differentiationAntigen-Presenting CellsCTL cytotoxic T lymphocytesHZ herpes zosterMPL 3-deacylated monophosphoryl lipidVaccine adjuvantImmunoadjuvantArticleVZV varicella zoster virus03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemAdjuvants ImmunologicAntigenPAMPs pathogen-associated molecular patternsMalaria VaccinesPRRs pathogen recognition receptorsQS-21 Quillaja saponaria Molina-fraction 21AnimalsMHC major histocompatibility complexMtb Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteriaSARS severe acute respiratory syndromeAntigen-presenting cellIFN-γ interferon-gamma030304 developmental biologyPharmacologybusiness.industryA-β amyloid-betaTNF-α tumor necrosis factor-alphaSaponinsQS-21MalariaQuillaja saponariaComplementary and alternative medicineTCR T-cell receptorLiposomesImmunologyKLH keyhole limpet hemocyaninbusinessdLN draining lymph nodesMAPK mitogen activated protein kinasePhytomedicine
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Multifunctional CD4(+) T cells correlate with active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

2010

Th1 CD4(+) T cells and their derived cytokines are crucial for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Using multiparametic flow cytometry, we have evaluated the distribution of seven distinct functional states (IFN-gamma/IL-2/TNF-alpha triple expressors, IFN-gamma/IL-2, IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha or TNF-alpha/IL-2 double expressors or IFN-gamma, IL-2 or TNF-alpha single expressors) of CD4(+) T cells in individuals with latent M. tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB). We found that triple expressors, while detectable in 85-90%TB patients, were only present in 10-15% of LTBI subjects. On the contrary, LTBI subjects had significantly higher (12- to 15-fold) proportions of…

Interleukin 2AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleTuberculosisSettore MED/17 - Malattie InfettiveImmunologyCell SeparationBiologyLymphocyte ActivationFlow cytometryMycobacterium tuberculosis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemBacterial ProteinsCD4(+) T cells Cytokines Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection Tuberculosis disease interferon-gamma immunological memory disease responses protection cytokine immunity bcg vaccination virusmedicineImmunology and AllergyDistribution (pharmacology)HumansCytokineTuberculosis Pulmonary030304 developmental biologyTuberculosis disease.Settore MED/04 - Patologia Generale0303 health sciencesAntigens Bacterialmedicine.diagnostic_testMycobacterium tuberculosis infectionMycobacterium tuberculosisMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseFlow CytometryPhenotypeVirologyCD4+ T cellsBacterial Load3. Good healthImmunologyAcute DiseaseChronic DiseaseCytokinesTumor necrosis factor alphaAcyltransferases030215 immunologymedicine.drugEuropean journal of immunology
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Miliary tuberculosis infection during hepatitis C treatment with sofosbuvir and ledipasvir plus ribavirin

2017

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. In the last 5 years, treatment for HCV infection has experienced a marked development. In 2014, the use of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with or without concomitant weight-based ribavirin was approved with a very significant increase in the sustained virological response. However, new side effects have been associated. We report the first case of an HCV infected patient treated for 12 wk with the combination of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir plus ribavirin who developed a miliary tuberculosis (TB) infection while on therapy. The patient was a 65-year-old woman, who referred malaise, asthenia, hyporexia, 7…

Ledipasvirmedicine.medical_specialtyMiliary tuberculosisTuberculosisSofosbuvirCase ReportGastroenterologyTelaprevir03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineBoceprevirRibavirinmedicineTuberculosis030212 general & internal medicineHepatologybusiness.industryRibavirinHepatitis Cmedicine.diseaseHepatitis Cchemistry030211 gastroenterology & hepatologySofosbuvirLedipasvirbusinessmedicine.drugWorld Journal of Hepatology
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IgG Fc sialylation is regulated during the germinal center reaction following immunization with different adjuvants

2020

Background: Effector functions of IgG Abs are regulated by their Fc N-glycosylation pattern. IgG Fc glycans that lack galactose and terminal sialic acid residues correlate with the severity of inflammatory (auto)immune disorders and have also been linked to protection against viral infection and discussed in the context of vaccine-induced protection. In contrast, sialylated IgG Abs have shown immunosuppressive effects.Objective: We sought to investigate IgG glycosylation programming during the germinal center (GC) reaction following immunization of mice with a foreign protein antigen and different adjuvants.Methods: Mice were analyzed for GC T-cell, B-cell, and plasma cell responses, as wel…

Lipopolysaccharides0301 basic medicineGlycosylationT-LymphocytesFreund's AdjuvantPolysorbatesPlasma cellchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineImmunology and AllergyMice KnockoutB-Lymphocytesbiologyddc:3. Good healthT follicular cellsIL-17medicine.anatomical_structureAlum CompoundsCytokinesFemaleAntibodySqualeneGlycosylationOvalbuminIgG glycosylationImmunologyAntibodiesIFN-gamma03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemAdjuvants ImmunologicAntigenmedicineAnimalsMineral OilAntigensIL-6IL-27RCord factorGerminal centerMycobacterium tuberculosisDendritic cellvaccinationMice Inbred C57BLcarbohydrates (lipids)030104 developmental biologychemistryadjuvantsgerminal centerImmunoglobulin GImmunologybiology.protein030215 immunologyJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Haemophagocytic syndrome in a liver transplant patient during treatment with Telaprevir.

2013

Haemophagocytic syndrome (HS) is a rare disease that is often fatal despite treatment. HS is characterized by fevers, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenias and hyperferritinaemia due to deregulated activation and proliferation of macrophages, leading to uncontrolled phagocytosis of platelets, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, and their hematopoietic precursors throughout the reticuloendothelial system. Mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated HS is a rare and underdiagnosed association with only 39 cases reported. We describe a case of HS associated with disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the setting of post-liver transplantation anti-hepatitis C therapy with pegylated interferon (p…

Liver CirrhosisMaleTuberculosisTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentHepatosplenomegalyAntitubercular AgentsSpecialties of internal medicineHepacivirusLiver transplantationVHCAntiviral AgentsLymphohistiocytosis HemophagocyticTelaprevirTelaprevirchemistry.chemical_compoundFatal OutcomePegylated interferonRisk FactorsmedicineHumansTuberculosisHepatologyHaemophagocytic syndromebusiness.industryRibavirinGeneral MedicineMycobacterium tuberculosisMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHepatitis CLiver TransplantationTransplantationchemistryRC581-951ImmunologyDrug Therapy CombinationVirus Activationmedicine.symptombusinessOligopeptidesImmunosuppressive Agentsmedicine.drugRare diseaseAnnals of hepatology
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An anti-inflammatory role for V alpha 14 NK T cells in Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin-infected mice.

2003

Abstract The possible contribution of NKT cells to resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection remains unclear. In this paper we characterized the Vα14 NKT cell population following infection with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). BCG infection determined an early expansion of Vα14 NKT cells in liver, lungs, and spleen, which peaked on day 8 and was sustained until day 30. However, an NK1.1+ Vα14 NKT population preferentially producing IFN-γ predominated at an early stage (day 8), which was substituted by an NK1.1− population preferentially producing IL-4 at later stages (day 30). Despite the fact that Vα14 NKT cell-deficient mice eliminated BCG as did control mice…

LymphocyteReceptors Antigen T-Cell alpha-betaImmunologyPopulationColony Count MicrobialSpleenMice TransgenicLymphocyte DepletionImmunophenotypingMycobacterium tuberculosisInterferon-gammaMiceMultinucleateT-Lymphocyte SubsetsImmunopathologymedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsTuberculosiseducationLungCells CulturedMycobacterium boviseducation.field_of_studyMice Inbred BALB CGranulomabiologyTumor Necrosis Factor-alphabiology.organism_classificationNatural killer T cellMycobacterium bovisUp-RegulationKiller Cells NaturalMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structureLiverImmunologyJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
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