Search results for " Word recognition"
showing 10 items of 48 documents
In Defense of Position Uncertainty
2015
The authors comments on the article "Orthographic coding in illiterates," by J. A. Dunabeitia, et al. There is a high degree of flexibility in letter-position coding during visual word recognition and reading. This phenomenon is explained based on the presence of perceptual noise in the information used for locating the positions of objects, namely, letters, across space.
Sequential Effects of Phonological Priming in Visual Word Recognition
2005
International audience; Two masked priming experiments were conducted to examine phonological priming of bisyllabic words in French, and in particular, whether it operates sequentially or in parallel. Bisyllabic target words were primed by pseudowords that shared either the first or the second phonological syllable of the target. Overlap of the first syllable only-not the second-produced facilitation in both the lexical decision and the naming tasks. These findings suggest that, for polysyllabic words, phonological codes are computed sequentially during silent reading and reading aloud.
CArDIS : A Swedish Historical Handwritten Character and Word Dataset
2022
This paper introduces a new publicly available image-based Swedish historical handwritten character and word dataset named Character Arkiv Digital Sweden (CArDIS) (https://cardisdataset.github.io/CARDIS/). The samples in CArDIS are collected from 64, 084 Swedish historical documents written by several anonymous priests between 1800 and 1900. The dataset contains 116, 000 Swedish alphabet images in RGB color space with 29 classes, whereas the word dataset contains 30, 000 image samples of ten popular Swedish names as well as 1, 000 region names in Sweden. To examine the performance of different machine learning classifiers on CArDIS dataset, three different experiments are conducted. In the …
The time course of processing handwritten words: An ERP investigation
2021
Available online 25 June 2021. Behavioral studies have shown that the legibility of handwritten script hinders visual word recognition. Furthermore, when compared with printed words, lexical effects (e.g., word-frequency effect) are magnified for less intelligible (difficult) handwriting (Barnhart and Goldinger, 2010; Perea et al., 2016). This boost has been interpreted in terms of greater influence of top-down mechanisms during visual word recognition. In the present experiment, we registered the participants’ ERPs to uncover top-down processing effects on early perceptual encoding. Participants’ behavioral and EEG responses were recorded to high- and low-frequency words that varied in scr…
Are You Taking the Fastest Route to the RESTAURANT?
2018
Abstract. Most words in books and digital media are written in lowercase. The primacy of this format has been brought out by different experiments showing that common words are identified faster in lowercase (e.g., molecule) than in uppercase (MOLECULE). However, there are common words that are usually written in uppercase (street signs, billboards; e.g., STOP, PHARMACY). We conducted a lexical decision experiment to examine whether the usual letter-case configuration (uppercase vs. lowercase) of common words modulates word identification times. To this aim, we selected 78 molecule-type words and 78 PHARMACY-type words that were presented in lowercase or uppercase. For molecule-type words,…
Spoken word recognition with gender-marked context.
2006
In a cross-modal (auditory-visual) fragment priming study in French, we tested the hypothesis that gender information given by a gender-marked article (e.g. unmasculine or unefeminine) is used early in the recognition of the following word to discard gender-incongruent competitors. In four experiments, we compared lexical decision performances on targets primed by phonological information only (e.g. /kRa/-CRAPAUD /kRapo/; /to/-TOAD) or by phonological plus gender information given by a gender-marked article (e.g. unmasculine /kra/-CRAPAUD; a /to/-TOAD). In all experiments, we found a phonological priming effect that was not modulated by the presence of gender context, whether gender-marked …
Psycholinguistic variables in visual word recognition and pronunciation of European Portuguese words: a mega-study approach
2019
An increasing number of psycholinguistic studies have adopted a megastudy approach to explore the role that different variables play in the speed and/or accuracy with which words are recognised and/or pronounced in different languages. However, despite evidence for deep and shallow orthographies, little is known about the role that several orthographic, phonological and semantic variables play in visual word recognition and word production of words from intermediate-depth languages, as European Portuguese (EP). The current study aimed to overcome this gap, by collecting lexical decision and naming data for a large pool of words selected to closely represent the diversity of the EP language.…
Does Top-Down Feedback Modulate the Encoding of Orthographic Representations During Visual-Word Recognition?
2016
Abstract. In masked priming lexical decision experiments, there is a matched-case identity advantage for nonwords, but not for words (e.g., ERTAR-ERTAR < ertar-ERTAR; ALTAR-ALTAR = altar-ALTAR). This dissociation has been interpreted in terms of feedback from higher levels of processing during orthographic encoding. Here, we examined whether a matched-case identity advantage also occurs for words when top-down feedback is minimized. We employed a task that taps prelexical orthographic processes: the masked prime same-different task. For “same” trials, results showed faster response times for targets when preceded by a briefly presented matched-case identity prime than when preceded by …
Children Like Dense Neighborhoods: Orthographic Neighborhood Density Effects in Novel Readers
2008
Previous evidence with English beginning readers suggests that some orthographic effects, such as the orthographic neighborhood density effects, could be stronger for children than for adults. Particularly, children respond more accurately to words with many orthographic neighbors than to words with few neighbors. The magnitude of the effects for children is much higher than for adults, and some researchers have proposed that these effects could be progressively modulated according to reading expertise. The present paper explores in depth how children from 1stto 6thgrade perform a lexical decision with words that are from dense or sparse orthographic neighborhoods, attending not only to acc…
The impact of visual cues during visual word recognition in deaf readers: An ERP study
2021
Abstract Although evidence is still scarce, recent research suggests key differences in how deaf and hearing readers use visual information during visual word recognition. Here we compared the time course of lexical access in deaf and hearing readers of similar reading ability. We also investigated whether one visual property of words, the outline-shape, modulates visual word recognition differently in both groups. We recorded the EEG signal of twenty deaf and twenty hearing readers while they performed a lexical decision task. In addition to the effect of lexicality, we assessed the impact of outline-shape by contrasting responses to pseudowords with an outline-shape that was consistent (e…