Search results for " Yield"

Association of SNP markers with pea grain protein and grain yield traits in Italy : preliminary results

2013

Grain yield and quality are the main economically important traits in breeding of field pea (Pisum sativum L.). The objective of our work was investigating trait-marker associations in elite pea germplasm, with the final aim to develop marker-assisted selection procedures for these traits. The genetic base for this study was represented by three connected recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations obtained from paired crosses between three genotypes (the varieties Attika, Isard and Kaspa) which featured different geographical origin and outstanding adaptation to Italian cropping environments. At least 86 F7 lines per RIL generated by single-seed descent were evaluated for grain yield, plant …

Ex situ evaluation of grain yield in local landraces of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) from Serbia

2013

International audience; Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) originated in Central Asian centre of diversity. Faba bean is one of the most ancient cultivated plant species in the world, along with several other grain legumes, and cereals. Numerous archaeobotanical fi ndings, supported by rich linguistic evidence (1), witness its early and rapid distribution during Neolithic from Near East to Europe, North Africa and Central and East Asia and an important role it had in everyday diets of the ancestors of modern Old World nations. Today, faba bean is one of the most important annual legume crops for human consumption, animal feeding and for non-food purposes. Conservation and sustainable utilisation of …

Are No-Till Herbicide-Free Systems Possible? A Simulation Study

2022

Conservation agriculture (CA) allows farmers to reduce costs and enhance soil health, buttends to increase either weed infestation and associated crop yield loss, and/or herbicide use.We aimed to investigate how much tillage contributes to reducing weed infestation and yieldloss, and which systems and weed species are the most affected if tillage is deleted. Wecollected farming practices on 395 arable cropping systems from Spain and France, andsimulated them over 30 years and with 10 weather repetitions, using FLORSYS. This processbased model (Colbach et al., 2021, Field Crops Res 261:108006) simulates daily multi-speciesweed floras and crop canopies from cropping systems and pedoclimate ov…

On the fermentative behavior of auxotrophic strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2014

Background: The selection of new yeast strains could lead to improvements in bioethanol production. Here, we have studied the fermentative capacity of different auxotrophic mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which are routinely used as hosts for the production of heterologous proteins. It has recently been found that these strains exhibit physiological alterations and peculiar sensitivities with respect to the parental prototrophic strains from which they derive. In this work the performance of auxotrophic S. cerevisiae CEN.PK strains was compared to the corresponding prototrophic strain, to S. cerevisiae T5bV, a strain isolated from grape must and to another auxotrophic strain, S. cerevi…

Agronomic performance and energetic potential of two Brassica oilseed species in Sicily, Italy

2018

Industrial crops for energy purposes are object of increasing interest worldwide and play an important role as a source of renewable energy. The aims of this study were to evaluate: i) the agronomic performance of Brassica napus L. var. oleifera D.C. and Brassica carinata A. Braun in a semi-arid environment; ii) to evaluate the economic viability of a pilot combined heat and power (CHP) plant operating on pure vegetable oil (PVO). The research was carried out in Sicily (Italy). The main biometric and yield parameters of the two species were determined. Chemical-physical characterizations were carried out on PVO for each species using specific protocols. The cogeneration of renewable energy …

Biomass of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in relation to fertilising

2016

Photokinetic examination of (Z,E,E)-4,4′-distyrylazobenzene

1995

Abstract 4,4′-Distyrylazobenzenes demonstrate a photokinetic equilibrium and a superimposed thermal backward reaction in which the absorption coefficient of one of the partners in the equilibrium is principally unknown. Using the dependence of the photostationary state on the irradiation intensity, the photochemical quantum yields ϕ 1 A and ϕ 2 B were determined, as well as the thermal rate constant k , as a function of the irradiation and observation wavelengths. Experimental difficulties and the wavelength dependence of ϕ 1 A and ϕ 2 B are discussed.

Tillage effects on yield and nitrogen fixation of legumes in Mediterranean conditions

2012

Published in Agron. J. 104:1459–1466 (2012) Posted online [DATE] doi:10.2134/agronj2012.0070 Copyright © 2012 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. I agricultural practices that involve the use of agrochemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides have greatly increased the global food supply but often with detrimental effects on the environment, such as contamination of ground…

Towards highly luminescent phenylene vinylene films

1996

Abstract Fluorescence and electronic absorption spectra, fluorescence decay curves and fluorescence quantum yields of a series of oligo (p-phenylene vinylenes) are investigated in solution, nanoaggregates and vapour-deposited or cast ultrathin films. The film constituting molecules are varied in chain length and modified by electron donating and withdrawing substituents and bulky alkyl spacers. PPP-MO calculations serve to rationalize the resulting spectral changes. In dilute solutions, fluorescence yields of the short oligomers with alkyl or oxyalkyl substituents approach the region of unity. The yields decrease with chain length, reaching a long-chain limit of ΦF=0.4–0.7. Introduction of …

Water-soluble, cyclodextrin-functionalized semiconductor nanocrystals: Preparation and pH-dependent aggregation and emission properties

2009

Abstract Using peramino-functionalized β-cyclodextrin molecules for phase.transfer of hydrophobic CdSe multishell nanocrystals into water, we obtained hydrophilic nanoparticles with high quantum yield (up to 50%). At pH > 9, the aqueous solution of these nanocrystals remained stable for several months. The nanoparticles showed a strong influence of the pH of the aqueous solution on the emission of the nanocrystals: the quantum yield varied reversible from ∼10% at pH=6 to ∼50% at pH=14, an effect which according to particle size characterization by dynamic light-scattering and asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation has mainly been attributed to reversible partial aggregation of the hydroph…