Search results for " alcohol"
showing 10 items of 578 documents
Under-prescription of statins in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
2017
Abstract Background and Aim Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disease associated with high cardiovascular risk. Management of dyslipidaemia plays a pivotal role in the prevention of CV events and statins have proved to be safe in these patients. However, in everyday clinical practice statin prescription is sometimes limited because of the concern of physicians about side-effects. The aim of the study was to investigate if the presence of NAFLD affects the prescription of lipid-lowering treatment in a large series of patients with cardio-metabolic disorders. Methods and Results Cardiovascular risk and LDL-C targets were defined according to ESC/EAS Guidelines in 605 conse…
Effects of a Brief Web-Based "Social Norms"-Intervention on Alcohol, Tobacco and Cannabis Use Among German University Students: Results of a Cluster-…
2021
Background and Aim: “Social norms” (SN)-interventions are aimed at changing existing misperceptions regarding peer substance use by providing feedback on actual norms, thereby affecting personal substance use. It is unknown whether SN-intervention effects previously demonstrated in US students can be replicated in German students. The aim of the INSIST-study was to examine the effects of a web-based SN-intervention on substance use.Design: Cluster-controlled trial.Setting: Eight Universities in Germany.Participants and Measurements: Students were recruited at four intervention vs. four delayed intervention control Universities. 4,463 students completed baseline, 1,255 students (59% female) …
Liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis: A multicenter Italian study
2022
There is increasing evidence that early liver transplantation (eLT), performed within standardized protocols can improve survival in severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH). The aim of the study was to assess outcomes after eLT for sAH in four Italian LT centers and to compare them with non-responders to medical therapy excluded from eLT. Patients admitted for sAH (2013–2019), according to NIAAA criteria, were included. Patients not responding to medical therapy were placed on the waiting list for eLT after a strict selection. Histological features of explanted livers were evaluated. Posttransplant survival and alcohol relapse were evaluated. Ninety-three patients with severe AH were evaluated (65…
Statistical and biological gene-lifestyle interactions of MC4R and FTO with diet and physical activity on obesity: new effects on alcohol consumption
2012
Background: Fat mass and obesity (FTO) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) and are relevant genes associated with obesity. This could be through food intake, but results are contradictory. Modulation by diet or other lifestyle factors is also not well understood. Objective: To investigate whether MC4R and FTO associations with body-weight are modulated by diet and physical activity (PA), and to study their association with alcohol and food intake. Methods: Adherence to Mediterranean diet (AdMedDiet) and physical activity (PA) were assessed by validated questionnaires in 7,052 high cardiovascular risk subjects. MC4R rs17782313 and FTO rs9939609 were determined. Independent and joint associati…
Urinary ethyl glucuronide (uEtG) as a marker for alcohol consumption in liver transplant candidates: a real-world cohort
2020
In order to reduce alcohol relapse after liver transplantation (LT), the German national guidelines for waiting-list maintenance and organ allocation demand a minimum 6-month period of alcohol abstinence pre-LT, confirmed by measuring urinary ethyl glucuronide (uEtG). Between January 2015 and June 2016, uEtG was measured at least once in 339 cirrhotic patients with an indication for LT at the University Medical Center Mainz. uEtG was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening test (cutoff value: 500 µg/L). For uEtG values ≥ 500 µg/L, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed as a confirmatory assay. Data were collected prospectively in a tra…
The Novel μ-Opioid Receptor Antagonist GSK1521498 Decreases Both Alcohol Seeking and Drinking: Evidence from a New Preclinical Model of Alcohol Seeki…
2015
Distinct environmental and conditioned stimuli influencing ethanol-associated appetitive and consummatory behaviors may jointly contribute to alcohol addiction. To develop an effective translational animal model that illuminates this interaction, daily seeking responses, maintained by alcohol-associated conditioned stimuli (CSs), need to be dissociated from alcohol drinking behavior. For this, we established a procedure whereby alcohol seeking maintained by alcohol-associated CSs is followed by a period during which rats have the opportunity to drink alcohol. This cue-controlled alcohol-seeking procedure was used to compare the effects of naltrexone and GSK1521498, a novel selective μ-opioi…
Carcinogenic Etheno DNA Adducts in Alcoholic Liver Disease: Correlation with Cytochrome P-4502E1 and Fibrosis.
2017
BACKGROUND One mechanism by which alcoholic liver disease (ALD) progresses is oxidative stress and the generation of reactive oxygen species, among others due to the induction of cytochrome P-4502E1 (CYP2E1). Experimental data underline the key role of CYP2E1 because ALD could be partially prevented in rats by the administration of the specific CYP2E1 inhibitor chlormethiazole. As CYP2E1 is linked to the formation of carcinogenic etheno DNA adducts in ALD patients, a causal role of alcohol-induced CYP2E1 in hepatocarcinogenesis is implicated. The purpose of this study was to investigate CYP2E1 induction in ALD, and its correlation with oxidative DNA lesions and with hepatic histology. METHO…
Plasma concentrations of nitric oxide and asymmetric dimethylarginine in human alcoholic cirrhosis.
2004
The liver plays a prominent role in the metabolism of asymmetric dimethyl-l-arginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase. This study was designed to determine whether plasma levels of ADMA and NO production are altered in patients with compensated and decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis.Plasma levels of l-arginine, ADMA, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and NO (nitrite plus nitrate, NOx) were measured in nine patients with compensated alcoholic cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A) and 11 patients with advanced cirrhosis (Child-Pugh B-C). Seven healthy volunteers served as controls.ADMA and NOx concentrations in decompensated cirrhosis were higher than in the compensated group a…
Case report: Trans-papillary free stenting of the cystic duct and of the common bile duct in a double biliary ducts anastomoses of a right lobe livin…
2021
Abstract Background One of the major issues related to the living donor liver transplantation recipient outcome is still the high rate of biliary complication, especially when multiple biliary ducts are present and multiple anastomoses have to be performed. Case presentation and conclusion We report a case of adult-to-adult right lobe living donor liver transplantation performed for a recipient affected by alcohol-related cirrhosis with MELD score of 17. End-stage liver disease was complicated by refractory ascites, portal hypertension, small esophageal varices and portal gastropathy, hypersplenism, and abundant right pleural effusion. Here in the attached video we described the adult-to-ad…
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease increases the risk of incident chronic kidney disease
2020
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent chronic liver disease. Its role in the development of extrahepatic co-morbidities is under investigation. The impact of NAFLD on the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to explore the potential contribution of NAFLD on CKD in Germany. METHODS: The Disease Analyzer Database covering 7.49 million cases in Germany was explored for patients diagnosed with NAFLD between 2000 and 2015 and was matched 1:1 to a cohort without NAFLD. Matching criteria included age, sex, physician, index year and co-diagnoses associated with CKD. The primary outcomes of thi…