Search results for " algorithm"

showing 10 items of 2538 documents

A charge reconstruction algorithm for DAMPE silicon microstrip detectors

2019

Abstract The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) can detect electrons and photons from 5 GeV to 10 TeV and charged nuclei from a few tens of GeV to 100 TeV. The silicon–tungstentracker (STK), which is composed of 768 singled-sided silicon microstrip detectors, is one of four subdetectors in DAMPE providing photon conversion , track reconstruction, and charge identification for relativistic charged particles. This paper focuses on the charge identification performance of the STK detector. The charge response depends mainly on the incident angle and the impact position of the incoming particle. To improve the charge resolution, a reconstruction algorithm to correct for these parameters was …

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonLarge Hadron ColliderIon beamPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicsCharge reconstructionSTKSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleReconstruction algorithmElectron01 natural sciencesCharged particleCharge sharingIonNuclear physicsSilicon microstrip detector0103 physical sciencesDAMPEHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCharge sharing010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentation
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The EM imaging reconstruction method in γ-ray astronomy

1998

Abstract The simpler imaging reconstruction methods used for γ-ray coded mask telescopes are based on correlation methods, very fast and simple-to-use but with limitations in the reconstructed image. To improve these results, other reconstruction methods have been developed, such as the maximum entropy methods or the Iterative Removal Of Sources (IROS). However, such kind of methods are slower and can be impracticable for very complex telescopes. In this paper we present an alternative image reconstruction method, based on an iterative maximum likelihood algorithm called the EM algorithm, easy to implement and that can be successfully used for not very complex coded mask systems, as is the …

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPrinciple of maximum entropyComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMSIterative reconstructionReconstruction methodlaw.inventionTelescopeMaximum likelihood algorithmlawExpectation–maximization algorithmCorrelation methodReconstructed imageInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Modelling of Magnetic Resonance Spectra Using Mixtures for Binned and Truncated Data

2007

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) provides the biochemical composition of a tissue under study. This information is useful for the in-vivo diagnosis of brain tumours. Prior knowledge of the relative position of the organic compound contributions in the MRS suggests the development of a probabilistic mixture model and its EM-based Maximum Likelihood Estimation for binned and truncated data. Experiments for characterizing and classifying Short Time Echo (STE) spectra from brain tumours are reported.

PhysicsNuclear magnetic resonancemedicine.diagnostic_testMaximum likelihoodExpectation–maximization algorithmStatisticsmedicineBiochemical compositionMagnetic resonance imagingNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyMixture modelSpectral line
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Application of ultra-fast timing techniques to the study of exotic and weakly produced nuclei

2005

Ultra-fast time-delayed techniques have been recently applied in a number of studies where exotic nuclei were identified using advanced selection techniques. These include large Compton-suppressed Ge arrays, in-flight separators or recoil separators. Some of the new results are discussed in this presentation. Besides the results for $^{32}$Mg and $^{96}$Pd, they include the first determination of the half-life of the $8^+$ state in $^{80}$Ge, $T_1/2$ = 2.95(6) ns, and significantly more precise results for $^{51}$Mn (3680 keV level) and $^{48}$V (421 keV level), $T_1/2$ = 1760(40) ps and $T_1/2$ $\leq$ 135 ps, respectively. Development of new scintillators will steadily improve precision an…

PhysicsNuclear physicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physics0103 physical sciencesHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSUltra fastStatistical physics[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]010306 general physics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSelection (genetic algorithm)
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Modulational stability brought by cubic–quartic interactions of the nearest-neighbor in FK model subjected in a parametrized on-site potential

2022

Abstract This work extends to higher-order interactions the results of Ref. Nguetcho (2021), in which we discussed only on modulational instability in one-dimensional chain made of atoms, harmonically coupled to their nearest neighbors and subjected to an external on-site potential. Here we investigate the competition between cubic-quartic nonlinearities interactions of the nearest-neighbor and substrate’s deformability, and mainly discuss its impact on the modulational instability of the system. This makes it possible to adapt the theoretical model to a real physical system such as atomic chains or DNA lattices. The governing equation, derived from the modified Frenkel-Kontorova model, is …

PhysicsNumerical AnalysisGeneric propertyApplied MathematicsPhysical systemInstabilityk-nearest neighbors algorithmsymbols.namesakeModulational instabilityNonlinear systemModeling and SimulationQuartic functionsymbolsStatistical physicsNonlinear Schrödinger equationCommunications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation
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Quantum annealing with manufactured spins.

2011

Many interesting but practically intractable problems can be reduced to that of finding the ground state of a system of interacting spins. It is believed that the ground state of some naturally occurring spin systems can be effectively attained through a process called quantum annealing. Johnson et al. use quantum annealing to find the ground state of an artificial Ising spin system comprised of an array of eight superconducting flux qubits with programmable spin–spin couplings. With an increased number of spins, the system may provide a practical physical means to implement quantum algorithms, possibly enabling more effective approaches towards solving certain classes of hard combinatorial…

PhysicsOpen quantum systemMultidisciplinaryQuantum processQuantum mechanicsQuantum annealingQuantum algorithmD-Wave TwoSpin engineeringQuantum spin liquidGround stateNature
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An optimized time screening algorithm for ROSAT PSPC and HRI observations

1998

We have developed a model-independent time screening optimization algorithm to cope with significant contamination spikes in the ROSAT PSPC/HRI bacground light-curves. The rejection criteria are based on the maximization of faint sources signal-to-noise ratio. The algorithm tuning parameters have been optimized through performing a wide set of runs on both simulated and real data. We have verified that the application of our selection criteria to the case of long exposure PSPC observations yields an increase of the number of faint sources ( SNR ) of up to 100% with a rejection of up to the 8% of the exposure time. At the same time, we obtain an average signal-to-noise ratio gain of 3% for t…

PhysicsOptimization algorithmbusiness.industryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDetectorGeneral Physics and AstronomyAstrophysicsMaximizationScreening algorithmOn boardOpticsROSATInstrumentation (computer programming)businessAlgorithmSelection (genetic algorithm)
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Upgrade of the ATLAS Level-1 trigger with an FPGA based Topological Processor

2013

The ATLAS experiment is located at the European Centre for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Switzerland. It is designed to measure decay properties of high energetic particles produced in the protons collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The LHC has a proton collision at a frequency of 40 MHz, and thus requires a trigger system to efficiently select events down to a manageable event storage rate of about 400Hz. Event triggering is therefore one of the extraordinary challenges faced by the ATLAS detector. The Level-1 Trigger is the first rate-reducing step in the ATLAS Trigger, with an output rate of 75kHz and decision latency of less than 2.5$\mu$s. It is primarily composed of the Calori…

PhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsNuclear TheoryATLAS experimentUpgrademedicine.anatomical_structureAtlas (anatomy)Optical receiversmedicinePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsSignal processing algorithmsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentDetectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear ExperimentField-programmable gate array
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Phase Transitions in Multicomponent Widom-Rowlinson Models

1995

We use Monte Carlo techniques to study the phase diagram of multicomponent Widom-Rowlinson models on a square lattice: there are M species all with the same fugacity z and a nearest neighbor hard core exclusion between unlike particles. For M between two and six there is a direct transition from the gas phase at z z d (M). For M ≥ 7 there is an intermediate ordered phase in which the even (or odd) sublattice is occupied preferentially by particles chosen at random from any of the species. The existence of such an intermediate phase was proven earlier for M ≥ M 0, M 0 very large. Exact calculations on the Bethe lattice give M0 = 4.

PhysicsPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsBethe latticePhase (matter)Monte Carlo methodFugacitySquare latticek-nearest neighbors algorithmPhase diagram
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The Ising square lattice in aL�M geometry: A model for the effect of surface steps on phase transitions in adsorbed monolayers

1989

Critical phenomena in adsorbed monolayers on surfaces are influenced by limited substrate homogeneity, such as surface steps. We consider the resulting finite-size and boundary effects in the framework of a lattice gas system with nearest neighbor attraction in aL×M geometry, with two free boundaries of lengthM≫L, and periodic boundary conditions in the other direction (along the direction of the steps). This geometry thus models a “terrace” of the stepped surface, and adatoms adsorbed on neighboring terraces are assumed to be non-interacting. Also the effect of boundary “fields” is considered (describing the effects of missing neighbors and changed binding energy to the substrate near the …

PhysicsPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsCritical phenomenaGeometryCondensed Matter PhysicsSquare latticeElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsk-nearest neighbors algorithmHomogeneity (physics)Periodic boundary conditionsGeneral Materials ScienceIsing modelScalingZeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter
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