Search results for " algorithm"

showing 10 items of 2538 documents

Theory of Computation, Fuzziness and a physics of the immaterial

2013

In this paper we advance three clear-cut proposals as a contribution to the discussion on the role of notions of Computation and Fuzziness as a bridge between Hard and Soft Sciences. We suggest that an important difference between the two great fami- lies of science lies in their subject or research having a grounding in nature or not, and that Theory of Computation is a glaring exception to this classifi- cation, being a textbook hard science but dealing with the immaterial. We further advance that such unicity is strongly connected with Church-Turing thesis, and discuss about the role of Computation and Fuzziness as pillars of immaterial sciences

PhysicsStrongly connected componentTheoretical computer scienceHard and soft scienceSettore INF/01 - InformaticaHyperarithmetical theorySuper-recursive algorithmComputationSubject (philosophy)Bridge (interpersonal)EpistemologyTheory of computationTheory of Computation Fuzziness Church-Turing thesisMathematics
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A global descriptor of spatial pattern interaction in the galaxy distribution

1997

We present the function J as a morphological descriptor for point patterns formed by the distribution of galaxies in the Universe. This function was recently introduced in the field of spatial statistics, and is based on the nearest neighbor distribution and the void probability function. The J descriptor allows to distinguish clustered (i.e. correlated) from ``regular'' (i.e. anti-correlated) point distributions. We outline the theoretical foundations of the method, perform tests with a Matern cluster process as an idealised model of galaxy clustering, and apply the descriptor to galaxies and loose groups in the Perseus-Pisces Survey. A comparison with mock-samples extracted from a mixed d…

PhysicsStructure formationAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsProbability density functionAstrophysicsFunction (mathematics)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGalaxyField (geography)k-nearest neighbors algorithmSpace and Planetary ScienceStatistical physicsCluster analysisSpatial analysisAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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Orbit determination and errors of a star catalogue

1995

Abstract We obtain Ceres orbit taking into account all perturbations and applying correction of phase effect to observations. More than 3000 observations have been used and the results agree with other determinations. We have also investigated the influence of systematic errors of a star catalogue on the observations and its effect on final elements. To that aim, a simulation procedure has been applied to Ceres observations, including different laws for errors of star catalogue versus spherical coordinates. The best relations have been applied to real observations of Ceres, in order to obtain elements and star catalogue corrections. Preliminary results of these calculations are presented.

PhysicsSystematic errorSpherical coordinate systemAstronomyA* search algorithmAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsStar cataloguelaw.inventionSpace and Planetary SciencelawOrbit (dynamics)Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsOrbit determinationAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPlanetary and Space Science
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Clustering statistics in cosmology

2002

The main tools in cosmology for comparing theoretical models with the observations of the galaxy distribution are statistical. We will review the applications of spatial statistics to the description of the large-scale structure of the universe. Special topics discussed in this talk will be: description of the galaxy samples, selection effects and biases, correlation functions, Fourier analysis, nearest neighbor statistics, Minkowski functionals and structure statistics. Special attention will be devoted to scaling laws and the use of the lacunarity measures in the description of the cosmic texture.

PhysicsTexture (cosmology)Astrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGalaxyCosmologyk-nearest neighbors algorithmLacunarityMinkowski spaceStatisticsCluster analysisSpatial analysisSPIE Proceedings
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Quantum Computing: A Way to Break Complexity?

2003

The perception of time is given by the happening of some events that determines a variation in the state of the observed system. In this sense a computation, i.e. a set of well defined transformations that, starting from an initial state (the input) brings to a final state (the output), can be considered a time generator. Each ticking of the clock corresponds to the computer changes of its states. The speed of computation leads to a different perception of time as well as traveling by airplanes changed the perception of spatial distances.

PhysicsTheoretical computer scienceComputationComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMSQuantum algorithmOne-way quantum computerQuantum capacityQuantum informationAlgorithmQuantum computerGenerator (mathematics)Quantum complexity theory
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N-string vertices in string field theory.

1993

We give the general form of the vertex corresponding to the interaction of an arbitrary number of strings. The technique employed relies on the ``comma" representation of String Field Theory where string fields and interactions are represented as matrices and operations between them such as multiplication and trace. The general formulation presented here shows that the interaction vertex of N strings, for any arbitrary N, is given as a function of particular combinations of matrices corresponding to the change of representation between the full string and the half string degrees of freedom.

PhysicsTheoryofComputation_MISCELLANEOUSHigh Energy Physics - TheoryEmpty stringFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaString searching algorithmString field theoryType I string theoryRelationship between string theory and quantum field theoryCombinatoricsNon-critical string theoryHigh Energy Physics::TheoryString operationsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)String dualityPhysical review. D, Particles and fields
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Slowing down in the three-dimensional three-state Potts glass with nearest neighbor exchange : A Monte Carlo study

1998

,Static and dynamic properties of the Potts model on the simple cubic lattice with nearest neighbor ±Ĵ-interaction are obtained from Monte Carlo simulations in a temperature range where full thermal equilibrium still can be achieved (T/Ĵ ≥ 0.6). For a lattice size L = 16, in this range finite size effects are still negligible, but the data for the spin glass susceptibility agree with previous extrapolations based on finite size scaling of very small lattices. While the static properties are compatible with a zero temperature transition, they certainly do not prove it. Unlike the Ising spin glass, the decay of the time-dependent order parameter is compatible with a simple Kohlrausch function…

PhysicsThermal equilibriumSpin glassCondensed matter physicsMonte Carlo methodExponentCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksPower lawScalingElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialsk-nearest neighbors algorithmPotts modelThe European Physical Journal B
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Direct Observation in 3d of Structural Crossover in Binary Hard Sphere Mixtures

2016

For binary fluid mixtures of spherical particles in which the two species are sufficiently different in size, the dominant wavelength of oscillations of the pair correlation functions is predicted to change from roughly the diameter of the large species to that of the small species along a sharp crossover line in the phase diagram [C. Grodon, M. Dijkstra, R. Evans & R. Roth, J.Chem.Phys. 121, 7869 (2004)]. Using particle-resolved colloid experiments in 3d we demonstrate that crossover exists and that its location in the phase diagram is in quantitative agreement with the results of both theory and our Monte-Carlo simulations. In contrast with previous work [J. Baumgartl, R. Dullens, M. …

PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)010304 chemical physicsCondensed matter physicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)CrossoverGeneral Physics and AstronomyBinary numberFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter01 natural sciencesColloidPercolation0103 physical sciencesLine (geometry)Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsDijkstra's algorithmCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhase diagram
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New Development of Monte Carlo Techniques for Studying Bottle-brush Polymers

2011

Due to the complex characteristics of bottle-brush polymers, it became a challenge to develop an efficient algorithm for studying such macromolecules under various solvent conditions or some constraints in the space by using computer simulations. In the limit of a bottle-brush polymer with a rather stiff backbone (straight rigid backbone), we generalize the variant of the biased chain growth algorithm, the pruned-enriched Rosenbluth method, for simulating polymers with complex architecture, from star polymers to bottle-brush polymers, on the simple cubic lattice. With the high statistics of our Monte Carlo results, we check the theoretical predictions of side chain behavior and radial monom…

Physicschemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesScaling lawsAutocorrelationMonte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesMonte Carlo methodsPolymerCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterPhysics and Astronomy(all)GyrationBottle-brush polymersCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryLattice (order)Side chainSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Statistical physicsStructuresMonte Carlo algorithm
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Simulation of matrix product states for dissipation and thermalization dynamics of open quantum systems

2020

Abstract We transform the system/reservoir coupling model into a one-dimensional semi-infinite discrete chain through unitary transformation to simulate the open quantum system numerically with the help of time evolving block decimation (TEBD) algorithm. We apply the method to study the dynamics of dissipative systems. We also generate the thermal state of a multimode bath using minimally entangled typical thermal state (METTS) algorithm, and investigate the impact of the thermal bath on an empty system. For both cases, we give an extensive analysis of the impact of the modeling and simulation parameters, and compare the numerics with the analytics.

Physicsopen quantum systemthermal bathDynamics (mechanics)General Physics and AstronomyDissipationtime-evolving block decimation algorithm01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesMatrix multiplication010305 fluids & plasmasOpen quantum systemThermalisationQuantum mechanicsalgoritmit0103 physical sciencesminimally entangled typical thermal stateskvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsQuantum
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