Search results for " and optics"

showing 10 items of 4468 documents

X-ray measurements of charge transfer reactions involving cold, very highly charged ions

1999

The magnetic trapping mode of the Livermore high-energy Electron Beam Ion Trap is exploited to study charge transfer reactions between cold (few eV/amu) highly charged ions and gases. By selectively puffing neutral gases and monitoring the x-ray emission, state-selective measurements of the charge transfer reaction channels are possible. The observed K-shell x-ray spectra show prominent emission from high-n levels decaying to the n = 1 ground level, which is enabled by electron capture into states with low orbital angular momentum. A comparison with modeling calculations, therefore, allows a determination of the range of principal and angular momentum quantum numbers involved in the reactio…

Angular momentumRange (particle radiation)Materials scienceElectron captureTotal angular momentum quantum numberCharge (physics)Atomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsMathematical PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineElectron beam ion trapIon
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Ferromagnetic gyroscopes for tests of fundamental physics

2020

A ferromagnetic gyroscope (FG) is a ferromagnet whose angular momentum is dominated by electron spin polarization and that will precess under the action of an external torque, such as that due to a magnetic field. Here we model and analyze FG dynamics and sensitivity, focusing on practical schemes for experimental realization. In the case of a freely floating FG, we model the transition from dynamics dominated by libration in relatively high externally applied magnetic fields, to those dominated by precession at relatively low applied fields. Measurement of the libration frequency enables in situ measurement of the magnetic field and a technique to reduce the field below the threshold for w…

Angular momentumgyroscopePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Field (physics)Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Materials Science (miscellaneous)physics beyond the standard modelFOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)01 natural sciences530Physics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmasMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesLibrationddc:530Electrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsLarmor precessionSuperconductivityPhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsMeissner effectFerromagnetism gyroscope physics beyond the standard model Meissner effectPhysics - Applied PhysicsferromagnetismAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMagnetic fieldMeissner effectFerromagnetismPrecessionQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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"Identification of mixed bromidochloridotellurate anions in disordered crystal structures of (bdmim)2[TeX2Y4] (X, Y = Br, Cl; bdmim = 1-butyl-2,3-dim…

2013

Abstract The discrete mixed [TeBrxCl6−x]2− anions in their disordered crystal structures have been identified by using the phases prepared by the reaction of 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium halogenides (bdmim)X with tellurium tetrahalogenides TeX4 (X = Cl, Br) as examples. Homoleptic (bdmim)2[TeX6] [X = Cl (1), Br (2)] and mixed (bdmim)2[TeBr2Cl4] (3), and (bdmim)2[TeBr4Cl2] (4) are formed depending on the choice of the reagents, and their crystal structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The coordination environments of tellurium in all hexahalogenidotellurates are almost octahedral. Because of the crystallographic disorder, the mixed [TeBr2Cl4]2− and [TeBr4Cl2]2…

AnionsBromidesModels MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAb initiochemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureCrystallography X-RaySpectrum Analysis RamanAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundChloridesX-Ray DiffractionHomolepticInstrumentationta116SpectroscopyMolecular StructureChemistryImidazolesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCrystallographyOctahedronsymbolsTellurium tetrachlorideQuantum TheoryTelluriumRaman spectroscopyTelluriumPowder diffractionSpectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
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ESR and electrochemical studies of 2-acylpyridines and 6,6'-diacyl-2,2'-bipyridines.

2005

Abstract The ESR spectra of radicals obtained by electrolytic reduction of 2-acylpyridines and 6,6′-diacyl-2,2′-bipyridines were measured in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and analyzed by quantum chemical calculations. The electrochemistry of these compounds was characterized using cyclic voltammetry, in DMSO solvent. The results showed a two step reduction mechanism, first wave was assigned to the generation of the correspondent free radical species, and the second wave was assigned to the dianion derivatives. AM1 and DFT calculations were performed to obtain the optimized geometries, theoretical hyperfine constants, and spin distributions, respectively. The theoretical results are in complete a…

AnionsFree RadicalsPyridinesRadicalAcylationElectrolyteElectrochemistryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionComputational chemistrylawElectrochemistryDimethyl SulfoxidePhysics::Chemical PhysicsSpin (physics)Electron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationHyperfine structureElectrodesSpectroscopyMolecular StructureChemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSolventPhysical chemistryCyclic voltammetrySpectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
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Exact non-Markovian dynamics of Gaussian quantum channels: Finite-time and asymptotic regimes

2018

We investigate the Markovian and non-Markovian dynamics of Gaussian quantum channels, exploiting a recently introduced necessary and sufficient criterion and the ensuing measure of non-Markovianity based on the violation of the divisibility property of the dynamical map. We compare the paradigmatic instances of Quantum Brownian motion (QBM) and Pure Damping (PD) channels, and for the former we find that the exact dynamical evolution is always non-Markovian in the finite-time as well as in the asymptotic regimes, for any nonvanishing value of the non-Markovianity parameter. If one resorts to the rotating wave approximated (RWA) form of the QBM, that neglects the anomalous diffusion contribut…

Anomalous diffusionGaussianFOS: Physical sciencesMarkov process01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeQuantum stateAtomic and Molecular Physics0103 physical sciencesStatistical physics010306 general physicsQuantumMathematical PhysicsBrownian motionPhysicsQuantum PhysicsMathematical Physics (math-ph)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSystem dynamicsCondensed Matter - Other Condensed Mattersymbolsand OpticsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Physics - OpticsOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)Optics (physics.optics)Physical Review A
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Extraordinary tuning of a nanocavity by a near-field probe

2011

Abstract We report here an experimental observation of an extraordinary near-field interaction between a local probe and a small-volume solid-state nanocavity. We directly compare the normally observed near-field interaction regime driven by the perturbation theory and then report the extraordinary interaction regime. Subsequently, we show that the cavity can take up to 2 min to recover from this interaction after removing the probe and that leads to an extraordinary blue-shift of the cavity resonance wavelength (∼15 nm) which depends on the probe motion above the cavity and not the position. The reasons for this effect are not fully understood yet but we try to give some explanations.

Anomalous regimeSilicon photonicsPhysics::OpticsNear and far fieldNear-field opticsTuningPhotonic crystalsOpticsPosition (vector)Atomic and Molecular PhysicsElectronicNanotechnologyOptical and Magnetic MaterialsPerturbation theoryExtraordinary regimeElectrical and Electronic EngineeringOptomechanicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhotonic crystalPhysicsSilicon photonicsbusiness.industryNear-field opticsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptomechanicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthHardware and ArchitectureQuantum electrodynamicsAnomalous regime; Extraordinary regime; Microcavity; Nanotechnology; Near-field optics; Optomechanics; Photonic crystals; Silicon photonics; Tuning; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics; Condensed Matter Physics; Hardware and Architecture; Electrical and Electronic Engineeringand OpticsbusinessMicrocavity
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Anthracene Fluorescence Quenching by a Tetrakis (Ketocarboxamide) Cavitand

2014

Quenching of both fluorescence lifetime and fluorescence intensity of anthracene was investigated in the presence of a newly derived tetrakis (ketocarboxamide) cavitand at various concentrations. Time-correlated single photon counting method was applied for the lifetime measurements. A clear correlation between the fluorescence lifetime of anthracene as a function of cavitand concentration in dimethylformamide solution was observed. The bimolecular collisional quenching constant was derived from the decrease of lifetime. Fluorescence intensity was measured in the emission wavelength region around 400 nm as a result of excitation at 280 nm. Effective quenching was observed in the presence of…

AnthraceneQuenching (fluorescence)Article SubjectChemistryAnalytical chemistryCavitandPhotochemistryseoksetFluorescenceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhoton countingcarbon-tetrachlorideAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundWavelengthlcsh:QC350-467Dimethylformamideta116stern-volmer plotslcsh:Optics. LightSpectroscopyExcitationJournal of Spectroscopy
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Correlation spectroscopy in molten and supercooled antimony trichloride.

1990

Correlation spectroscopy measurements performed on molten and supercooled antimony trichloride with the homodyne technique show correlation functions that have a nonexponential behavior. Two well-defined distributions of correlation times can be observed in different temporal regions. This behavior is discussed in terms of a structural relaxation of clusters dynamically formed by intermolecular and interchain bonds. The Arrhenius plot of these correlation times shows a linear behavior with the same activation energy for both. In contrast, the activation energy of shear viscosity has a different value, showing that the processes determining the temperature behavior of \ensuremath{\tau} and $…

Antimony trichloridePhysicsCondensed matter physicsIntermolecular forceRelaxation (NMR)ThermodynamicsActivation energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsArrhenius plotchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCorrelation functionSupercoolingEnergy (signal processing)Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
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Comparison of two different devices to assess intraocular lenses

2016

[EN] In this paper, we have compared the performance of two commercial systems, Kaleo-I and IOLA Plus, in the characterization of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) according to the International Standard requirements (ISO 11979-2). The dioptric power (DP) and the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) at 100.1p/mm and 3.0 mm aperture have been measured with both instruments in twenty commercial monofocal HEMA IOLs and their agreement was assessed by Bland Altman analysis. Compared with the designed power, IOLA Plus gave lower values in 85% of measures: Kaleo I errors are dependent on the power of the lens: measurements were higher than the designed power in the low-medium power range and lowe…

Aperture01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesMonofocal intraocular lens0302 clinical medicineOpticslawOptical transfer function0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringBland–Altman plotInternational standard and reliabilityMathematicsDioptric powerbusiness.industryModulation transfer functionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsConfidence intervalElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsLens (optics)Intraocular lensesFISICA APLICADA030221 ophthalmology & optometrybusiness
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Lensless object scanning holography for two-dimensional mirror-like and diffuse reflective objects

2013

Recently proposed lensless object scanning holography (LOSH) [Opt. Express 20, 9382 (2012)] is a fully lensless method capable of improving the image quality in digital Fourier holography applied to one-dimensional (1D) reflective objects and it involves a very simplified experimental setup. LOSH is based on the recording and digital postprocessing of a set of digital lensless Fourier transform holograms, which finally results in a synthetic image with improved resolution, field-of-view (FOV), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and depth of field. In this paper, LOSH is extended to the cases of two-dimensional (2D) mirror-like and 1D diffuse-based objects. For 2D mirror-like objects, the experime…

ApertureImage qualityComputer sciencebusiness.industryHolographyImage processingSuperresolutionAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionSpeckle patternOpticslawDigital image processingDepth of fieldElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessEngineering (miscellaneous)Image resolutionDigital holographyFresnel diffractionApplied Optics
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