Search results for " angiotensin"

showing 10 items of 72 documents

Contributions of ACE and mast cell chymase to endogenous angiotensin II generation and leucocyte recruitment in vivo

2011

Aims In vitro studies suggest that mast cell chymase (MCP) is more important than angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) for generating angiotensin II (Ang II) within the cardiovascular system. We investigated in vivo the relative contributions of ACE and MCP to leucocyte recruitment induced by endogenously generated Ang II. Methods and results Exposure of the murine cremasteric microcirculation of C57BL/6 mice to Ang I (100 nM for 4 h) induced leucocyte–endothelium interactions. Either losartan (an Ang II receptor-1 antagonist, AT1) or enalapril (an ACE inhibitor), but not chymostatin (a chymase inhibitor), inhibited Ang I-induced responses. Mast cell degranulation with compound 48/80 (CMP48/…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologymedicine.drug_classReceptor expressionPeptidyl-Dipeptidase AReceptor Angiotensin Type 1MiceChymasesCell MovementPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineLeukocytesmedicineAnimalsp-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamineMast CellsMast cell stabilizerEnalaprilAngiotensin II receptor type 1ChemistryAngiotensin IIChymaseAngiotensin IIMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyLosartanACE inhibitorcardiovascular systemAngiotensin ICardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugCardiovascular Research
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Efficacy in angiotensin receptor blockade: a comparative review of data with olmesartan

2009

A range of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) is available, and analyses suggest there are differences between agents in terms of antihypertensive efficacy and 24-hour blood pressure control.This review assesses the data comparing olmesartan with other ARBs in terms of blood pressure reductions, goal achievement, 24-hour control and speed of onset. Olmesartan seems to have a more favourable efficacy profile relative to standard doses of the ARBs used in comparative studies; results consistent with the high degree of blockade of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor for olmesartan.Taken together, there might be differences between ARBs regarding their blood pressure lowering efficacy, and …

Medicine (General)Angiotensin receptorReceptors AngiotensinAngiotensin Receptor Antagonistsbusiness.industryImidazolesTetrazolesBlood PressurePharmacologyAngiotensin IIBlockadeAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsR5-920Treatment OutcomeEndocrinologyBlood pressurePharmacotherapyRenin–angiotensin systemInternal MedicineHumansMedicineDrug Therapy CombinationbusinessOlmesartanmedicine.drugJournal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
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Traditional Chinese herbal medicine at the forefront battle against COVID-19: Clinical experience and scientific basis.

2020

Abstract Background Throughout the 5000-year history of China, more than 300 epidemics were recorded. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCM) has been used effectively to combat each of these epidemics’ infections, and saved many lives. To date, there are hundreds of herbal TCM formulae developed for the purpose of prevention and treatment during epidemic infections. When COVID-19 ravaged the Wuhan district in China in early January 2020, without a deep understanding about the nature of COVID-19, patients admitted to the TCM Hospital in Wuhan were immediately treated with TCM and reported later with >90% efficacy. Approach We conducted conduct a systematic survey of various TCM herbal pre…

PTGS2 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2BattleAIV avian influenza virusCoV coronavirusPharmaceutical ScienceiNOS nitric oxide synthaseViral infection0302 clinical medicinePA patchouli alcoholSARS Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeSMD Sheganmahuang decoctionDrug DiscoveryPandemicIL InterleukinMedicine Chinese TraditionalALI acute lung injuriesmedia_commonCOVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019MXSG Ma xing shi gan decoction0303 health sciencesTNF tumor necrosis factorClinical Trials as TopicCCL2 CC chemokine ligand 2FM1 FM1 coronavirusICU intensive care unitc-AMP cyclic adenosine phosphateHIV human immunodeficiency virus030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCOX-2 cyclooxygenase-2Molecular MedicineHerbal preparationsMedicinal herbsAbbreviations: ACE2 angiotensin-converting enzyme IITCM traditional Chinese medicineHSV-1 herpes simplex virus 1CASP3 caspase 3medicine.medical_specialtyChinaCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Systematic surveymedia_common.quotation_subjectJEV Japanese encephalitis virusNF-κB nuclear factor kappa B cellsAntiviral AgentsArticleWHO World Health Organization03 medical and health sciencesIEC-6 rat intestinal epithelial cell line 6SOD superoxide dismutaseCDC Center for Disease Control and PreventionmedicineAVP arginine vasopressinPGE2 prostaglandin E2HumansIntensive care medicineLH Lianhuaqingwen capsule030304 developmental biologyPharmacologyMedicinal herbMDA malondialdehydeGCGJ Gancao ganjiang decoctionNO nitric oxidePlants Medicinalbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2COVID-19CXCL C-X-C- motif chemokineMDCK Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cellsTLR-4 Toll-like receptor-4COVID-19 Drug TreatmentComplementary and alternative medicineViral infectionLPS lipopolysaccharidesRSV respiratory syncytial virusQFPD Qingfeipaidu decoctionbusinessLung congestionECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenationMAPK mitogen-activated protein kinasePhytotherapyDrugs Chinese HerbalPhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
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Single Peptide Backbone Surrogate Mutations to Regulate Angiotensin GPCR Subtype Selectivity

2020

Mutating the side-chains of amino acids in a peptide ligand, with unnatural amino acids, aiming to mitigate its short half-life is an established approach. However, it is hypothesized that mutating specific backbone peptide bonds with bioisosters can be exploited not only to enhance the proteolytic stability of parent peptides, but also to tune its receptor subtype selectivity. Towards this end, four [Y]6-Angiotensin II analogues are synthesized where amide bonds have been replaced by 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole isosteres in four different backbone locations. All the analogues possessed enhanced stability in human plasma in comparison with the parent peptide, whereas only two of them a…

PeptidomimeticStereochemistryChemistry Multidisciplinary[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]G-protein-coupled receptorsPeptide[CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal ChemistryLigandsClick chemistry; Competition-binding experiments; G-protein-coupled receptors; Neurotrophic effects; Peptidomimetics010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisSubstrate Specificityneurotrophic effectscompetition-binding experimentsAnimalsHumansPeptide bondAmino AcidsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSG protein-coupled receptorchemistry.chemical_classificationReceptors AngiotensinScience & TechnologyAngiotensin II receptor type 1010405 organic chemistry[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryAngiotensin IIOrganic ChemistryGeneral ChemistryAngiotensin II0104 chemical sciencesAmino acidChemistryHEK293 CellschemistrypeptidomimeticsMutationPhysical Sciencesclick chemistryPeptides03 Chemical SciencesTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
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Ambulatory Blood Pressure Values in the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial (ONTARGET)

2012

In the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial, telmisartan (T; 80 mg daily) and ramipril (R; 10 mg daily) caused similar clinic blood pressure (BP) reductions, with a similar incidence of cardiovascular and renal events. The R+T combination lowered clinic BP somewhat more with no further cardiovascular or renal protection. The aim of this substudy was to see whether these clinic BP changes reflected the changes of 24-hour BP, a BP with a better prognostic value. In 422 patients in whom 24-hour BP monitoring was performed either before or after 6 to 24 months of treatment, demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in the 3 treated groups.…

RamiprilMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAmbulatory blood pressureDiastoleAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsBlood PressureBenzoateslaw.inventionRandomized controlled trialRamiprillawInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansLongitudinal StudiesTelmisartanAntihypertensive AgentsAgedbusiness.industryambulatory blood pressure antihypertensive treatment high cardiovascular risk angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors angiotensin receptor blockersMED/11 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO CARDIOVASCOLAREBlood Pressure Monitoring AmbulatoryMiddle AgedEndocrinologyBlood pressureTreatment OutcomeTarget drugAmbulatoryHypertensionCardiologyBenzimidazolesDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleTelmisartanbusinessmedicine.drug
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Antihypertensive and cardiovascular effects of combined blockade of renin-angiotensin system with ACE inhibitor and angiotensin II type 1 receptor bl…

2006

BACKGROUND.: In this study the effects of 24 weeks losartan and ramipril treatment, both alone and in combination, on blood pressure and left ventricular mass (LVM) and function, have been evaluated in hypertensives. METHODS.: 57 hypertensives with stage 1 and 2 essential hypertension were included. After 4 weeks run in, a randomized double-blind, 3 arm, double dummy, independent trial was used. All patients were randomly allocated to 3 treatment arms consisting of losartan (50 mg/daily), ramipril (5 mg/daily), and combined (losartan 50 mg/ramipril 5 mg/daily) for 24 weeks. LVM, LVM/h(2.7) and other echocardiographic measurements, BUN, creatinine and clearance and potassium were determined …

Ramiprillcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemmedicine.medical_specialtyLeft ventricular geometry and functionAngiotensin II receptor blockersLeft ventricular hypertrophyEssential hypertensionArticlechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicineAce-inhibitors Angiotensin II receptor blockers Left ventricular geometry and functioncardiovascular diseasesAce-inhibitorsCreatininebusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseAngiotensin IILosartanBlood pressurechemistrylcsh:RC666-701ACE inhibitorCardiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugHeart International
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Randomised comparison of zofenopril and ramipril plus acetylsalicylic acid in postmyocardial infarction patients with left ventricular systolic dysfu…

2015

Objective Conflicting evidence exists on the benefits of treating patients with coronary artery disease and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) with an ACE inhibitor. This retrospective analysis of the SMILE-4 Study sought to compare the efficacy of zofenopril 60 mg plus acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) versus ramipril 10 mg plus ASA 100 mg in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure, according to an impaired or preserved LVEF. Methods The primary study end point was 1-year combined occurrence of death or hospitalisation for cardiovascular causes. A preserved LVEF was defined by a baseline LVEF >40% and an impaired one by an LVEF ≤40%. Results 448 patients…

Ramiprilmedicine.medical_specialtyacute myocardial infarctionInfarctionramiprilCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary artery diseasechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicinezofenopril1506cardiovascular diseasesMyocardial infarctionleft ventricular dysfunctionEjection fractionbusiness.industryleft ventricular ejection fractionmedicine.diseaseZofenoprilangiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorsangiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorchemistryacute myocardial infarction; angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; left ventricular dysfunction; left ventricular ejection fractionHeart failureACE inhibitorcardiovascular systemCardiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinesscirculatory and respiratory physiologyBiomedical engineeringmedicine.drugOpen Heart
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Relationship between low Ankle-Brachial Index and rapid renal function decline in patients with atrial fibrillation: a prospective multicentre cohort…

2015

Objective: To investigate the relationship between Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) and renal function progression in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Design: Observational prospective multicentre cohort study. Setting: Atherothrombosis Center of I Clinica Medica of 'Sapienza' University of Rome; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro; Atrial Fibrillation Registry for Ankle-Brachial Index Prevalence Assessment-Collaborative Italian Study. Participants: 897 AF patients on treatment with vitamin K antagonists. Main outcome measures: The relationship between basal ABI and renal function progression, assessed by the estimated Glomerular Filtration R…

RegistrieMaleAnkle brachial index atrial fibrillation renal functionCross-sectional studyAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsBlood PressureCardiovascular Medicineurologic and male genital diseasesKidneyRisk FactorsAtrial FibrillationOdds RatioSurveys and Questionnaireatrial fibrillation1506Prospective StudiesRenal InsufficiencyPractice Patterns Physicians'Prospective cohort studyMedicine (all)Atrial fibrillationGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.anatomical_structureItalyHypertensioncardiovascular systemCardiologyDisease ProgressionFemaleVitamin K antagonistABICohort studyHumanGlomerular Filtration RateAnkle brachial index; atrial fibrillation; renal function1683medicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelNon-Vitamin K oral anticoagulantRenal functionrenal function declineAnkle-Brachial IndexNOInternal medicineAged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Atrial Fibrillation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Italy; Kidney; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency; Risk Factors; Ankle Brachial Index; Blood Pressure; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Medicine (all)medicineInternal MedicineHumansAnkle Brachial Indexcardiovascular diseasesIntensive care medicineAgedCross-Sectional StudieAntithrombotic therapybusiness.industryRisk FactorResearchrenal functionAnticoagulantAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorOdds ratiomedicine.diseasebody regionsProspective StudieBlood pressureAtrial fibrillation; Ankle-Brachial Index; renal function declineCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsAnklebusinessABI renal function atrial fibrillation
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Antihypertensive and cardiovascular effects of combined blockade of renin-angiotensin system with ACE inhibitor and angiotensin II type 1 receptor bl…

2006

Background: In this study the effects of 24 weeks losartan and ramipril treatment, both alone and in combination, on blood pressure and left ventricular mass (LVM) and function,have been evaluated in hypertensives. Methods. 57 hypertensives with stage 1 and 2 essential hypertension were included. After 4 weeks run in, a randomized double-blind, 3 arm, double dummy, independent trial was used. All patients were randomly allocated to 3 treatment arms consisting of losartan (50 mg/daily), ramipril (5 mg/daily), and combined (losartan 50 mg/ramipril 5 mg/daily) for 24 weeks. LVM, LVM/h and other echocardiographic measurements, BUN, creatinine and clearance and potassium were determined after ru…

Settore MED/09 - Medicina InternaAce-inhibitors Angiotensin II receptor blockers Left ventricular geometry and functionSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Cardiovascolare
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Therapeutic management of elderly hypertensives with concomitant ischaemic heart disease.

1992

CHARACTERISTICS OF ELDERLY HYPERTENSIVES: Hypertension is most prevalent in older patients and is associated with increasing morbidity and mortality with age. Elderly hypertensives often suffer from concomitant diseases, such as ischaemic heart disease, caused by age-induced modifications to the cardiovascular system, haemodynamic function and neurohormone activity. THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT: Therapeutic management of elderly hypertensives with concomitant ischaemic heart disease must take account of the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic changes that occur in older subjects and drugs should be selected for their efficacy in both diseases. Since elderly subjects often metabolize drugs more sl…

Settore MED/09 - Medicina InternaHypertensionHemodynamicsHumansCoronary DiseaseElderly Uypertensives ischemic heart disease diuretics beta-blockers angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors calcium channell blockers.Settore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato CardiovascolareAntihypertensive AgentsAged
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