Search results for " anthropology."
showing 10 items of 1010 documents
Uneven Data Quality and the Earliest Occupation of Europe—the Case of Untermassfeld (Germany)
2017
AbstractThe database regarding the earliest occupation of Europe has increased significantly in quantity and quality of data points over the last two decades, mainly through the addition of new sites as a result of long-term systematic excavations and large-scale prospections of Early and early Middle Pleistocene exposures. The site distribution pattern suggests an ephemeral presence of hominins in the south of Europe from around one million years ago, with occasional short northward expansions along the western coastal areas when temperate conditions permitted. From around 600,000-700,000 years ago Acheulean artefacts appear in Europe and somewhat later hominin presence seems to pick up, w…
L'enquête sur les archives de la recherche en sciences humaines et sociales (ARSHS). Premier bilan
2009
Le reperage, la collecte et la conservation des archives produites par la recherche en sciences humaines et sociales sont une preoccupation recente en France. Cet article presente une experience originale menee par le reseau des Maisons des sciences de l’homme en collaboration avec les Archives nationales et le ministere de l’Enseignement superieur aupres des archives et des centres de recherche (universites, CNRS) pour faire un inventaire des archives de la recherche. Outre le sauvetage de fonds en perdition, l’enquete vise a sensibiliser les chercheurs a la conservation des donnees qu’ils produisent et a rendre possible une histoire des pratiques de recherche et une histoire sociale des s…
Neanderthal and carnivore activities at Llonin Cave, Asturias, northern Iberian Peninsula: Faunal study of Mousterian levels (MIS 3)
2018
Abstract This paper presents a study of the macromammalian fauna recovered from Mousterian levels of Llonin Cave. The sample is highly heterogeneous and comprises six species of ungulates, including Rupicapra pyrenaica, Capra pyrenaica, and Cervus elaphus, and seven species of carnivores, predominantly Ursus spelaeus, Crocuta spelaea, Canis/Cuon and Panthera pardus. The archaeozoological and taphonomic study of the remains shows preferential use of basal levels of the cave as a den for hyenas and leopards. Neanderthals were also present during this phase and they would have acted mainly on deer and some caprines, while the action of hyenas would mainly have been linked to scavenging of elem…
Dietary evidence from Central Asian Neanderthals: A combined isotope and plant microremains approach at Chagyrskaya Cave (Altai, Russia).
2021
Neanderthals are known primarily from their habitation of Western Eurasia, but they also populated large expanses of Northern Asia for thousands of years. Owing to a sparse archaeological record, relatively little is known about these eastern Neanderthal populations. Unlike in their western range, there are limited zooarchaeological and paleobotanical studies that inform us about the nature of their subsistence. Here, we perform a combined analysis of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes on bone collagen and microbotanical remains in dental calculus to reconstruct the diet of eastern Neanderthals at Chagyrskaya Cave in the Altai Mountains of Southern Siberia, Russia. Stable isotopes identify…
Anthropologie physiologique
2007
Les recherches de terrain en primatologie, particulièrement nombreuses et détaillées au cours des dernières décennies, nous ont montré de nombreux exemples d'adaptations physiologiques qui résultent de la co-évolution en fonction des caractéristiques des environnements propres à chaque espèce. Dans quelle mesure ces recherches en primatologie permettent-elles une meilleure compréhension des adaptations et des comportements de l'homme, en particulier de son comportement alimentaire ?
Acceptance and knowledge of evolutionary theory among third-year university students in Spain
2020
The theory of evolution is one of the greatest scientific achievements in the intellectual history of humankind, yet it is still contentious within certain social groups. Despite being as robust and evidence-based as any other notable scientific theory, some people show a strong reluctance to accept it. In this study, we used the Measure of Acceptance of the Theory of Evolution (MATE) and Knowledge of Evolution Exam (KEE) questionnaires with university students from four academic degree programs (Chemistry, English, History, and Biology) of ten universities from Spain to measure, respectively, acceptance and knowledge of evolutionary theory among third-year undergraduate students (nMATE = 9…
A head start for life history development? Family income mediates associations between height and immune response in men.
2018
OBJECTIVES Male height and health affect a diverse range of social and economic outcomes such as competition for resources and mates. Life history theory predicts that limited availability of bioenergetic resources curbs the development of central life history functions such as somatic growth, immunity, and investment in offspring. Although genetic factors are important determinants of height, other factors such as income level may affect the incidence of infections during ontogeny, thus having indirect effects on somatic growth. We tested whether growing up in families with a higher income positively affects height and immune function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-three young Latvian men …
The evolution of palate shape in the Lepilemur‐Cheirogaleidae clade (Primates: Strepsirrhini).
2020
15 pages; International audience; Objectives: Phylogenies consistently group the folivorous Lepilemur species with the small-bodied insectivorous-frugivorous cheirogaleids. Juvenile lepilemurs and adult cheirogaleids share allometries in most aspects of skull morphology, except the palate. We investigated potential influences on palate shape in these taxa and several outgroups using geometric morphometrics.Materials and methods: Our sample included representatives of four extant strepsirrhine families, Cheirogaleidae (including Lepilemurinae), Lemuridae, Indriidae, and Galagidae, and one subfossil Megaladapis. Our dataset comprised 32 landmarks collected from 397 specimens representing 15 g…
The efficacy of whole human genome capture on ancient dental calculus and dentin
2019
Objectives Dental calculus is among the richest known sources of ancient DNA in the archaeological record. Although most DNA within calculus is microbial, it has been shown to contain sufficient human DNA for the targeted retrieval of whole mitochondrial genomes. Here, we explore whether calculus is also a viable substrate for whole human genome recovery using targeted enrichment techniques. Materials and methods Total DNA extracted from 24 paired archaeological human dentin and calculus samples was subjected to whole human genome enrichment using in-solution hybridization capture and high-throughput sequencing. Results Total DNA from calculus exceeded that of dentin in all cases, and altho…
Physical forcing and physical/biochemical variability of the Mediterranean Sea: a review of unresolved issues and directions for future research
2014
Malanotte-Rizzoli, Paola ... et. al.-- 76 pages