Search results for " aortic"

Imaging della coartazione aortica mediante angiografia con Tomografia Computerizzata Multistrato cardiosincronizzata

2012

Regional variation of wall shear stress in ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms.

2014

The development of an ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm is likely caused by excessive hemodynamic loads exerted on the aneurysmal wall. Computational fluid-dynamic analyses were performed on patient-specific ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms obtained from patients with either bicuspid aortic valve or tricuspid aortic valve to evaluate hemodynamic and wall shear parameters, imparting aneurysm enlargement. Results showed an accelerated flow along the outer aortic wall with helical flow in the aneurysm center for bicuspid aortic valve ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms. In a different way, tricuspid aortic valve ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms exhibited normal systolic flow without su…

Aortic stenosis: insights on pathogenesis and clinical implications

2016

Aortic stenosis (AS) is a common valvular heart disease in the Western populations, with an estimated overall prevalence of 3% in adults over 75 years. To understand its patho-biological processes represents a priority. In elderly patients, AS usually involves trileaflet valves and is referred to as degenerative calcific processes. Scientific evidence suggests the involvement of an active "atherosclerosis-like" pathogenesis in the initiation phase of degenerative AS. To the contrary, the progression could be driven by different forces (such as mechanical stress, genetic factors and interaction between inflammation and calcification). The improved understanding presents potentially new thera…

In Vitro Measurement of Strain Localization Preceding Dissection of the Aortic Wall Subjected to Radial Tension

2020

AbstractBackgroundAortic dissection (AD) is a common pathology and challenging clinical problem. A better understanding of the biomechanical effects preceding its initiation is essential for predicting adverse events on a patient-specific basis. Moreover, the predictability of patient-specific biomechanics-based computational models is hampered by uncertainty about boundary conditions and material properties.ObjectivePredisposition of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) to ADs can be related to the degradation of biomechanically important constituents in the aortic wall of TAAs. The goal of the present study is to develop a new methodology to measure strain fields in aortic tissues subjected to…

Dissecting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Is Aggravated by Genetic Inactivation of LIGHT (TNFSF14)

2021

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), is a complex disorder characterized by vascular vessel wall remodeling. LIGHT (TNFSF14) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with vascular disease. In the present study, the impact of genetic inactivation of Light was investigated in dissecting AAA induced by angiotensin II (AngII) in the Apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe−/−) mice. Studies in aortic human (ah) vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) to study potential translation to human pathology were also performed. AngII-treated Apoe−/−Light−/− mice displayed increased abdominal aorta maximum diameter and AAA severity compared with Apoe−/− mice. Notably, reduced smooth muscle α-actin+ area and Acta2 and C…

Dissection and 3D reconstruction of healthy and aneurysmal human ascending thoracic aorta

2010

Ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) is among the most devastating forms of cardiovascular disease, causing a significant mortality despite current medical and surgical treatments [1]. This form of disease is a predisposing factor for spontaneous aortic dissection which in general results in the initiation of an intimal flap and its propagation due to blood flow. Since aortic dissection fails by separation of the elastic layers [2], the delamination strength of ATAA tissues was investigated by designing and performing mechanical tests that simulate the in-vivo tearing condition of the aortic wall. Specifically, the delamination tests were carried out on nonaneurysmal and aneurysmal hum…

ASSOCIAZIONE TRA INDICE DI RESISTENZA INTRARENALE E STIFFNESS AORTICA IN SOGGETTI CON MALATTIA RENALE CRONICA

2014

RAZIONALE. L’indice di resistenza intraparenchimale renale (IR), valutato mediante eco-color-Doppler, è stato classicamente utilizzato quale valido strumento di valutazione diagnostica e prognostica delle patologie renali. Studi recenti suggeriscono che i parametri emodinamici intrarenali, e l’IR in particolare, possano essere anche associati ad alterazioni vascolari sistemiche, nonché ad un incremento del rischio cardiovascolare. Tuttavia, dati contrastanti esistono in letteratura circa l'associazione indipendente tra IR e pulse wave velocity aortica (PWVa), indice di stiffness arteriosa, nonché espressione di danno d'organo subclinico. Scopo di questo studio è stato dunque quello di valut…

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in 2015

2016

Not available

UTILITÀ DI UN BASSO CUT-OFF DI INDICE DI RESISTENZA INTRARENALE NEL PREDIRE ALTERAZIONI VASCOLARI SISTEMICHE PRECOCI IN SOGGETTI CON IPERTENSIONE ART…

2014

Studi recenti mostrano come l’indice di resistenza intraparenchimale renale (IR), classicamente considerato espressione di resistenza vascolare renale, possa avere un importante ruolo quale marker di alterazioni vascolari sistemiche. Il valore soglia di IR il più spesso utilizzato per identificare pazienti con maggiore probabilità di danno d’organo e di mortalità è stato 0.70. Non è stato tuttavia verificato se un cut-off più basso abbia una maggiore capacità di identificare alterazioni vascolari sistemiche subcliniche. Scopo del nostro studio è pertanto quello di determinare, in soggetti con ipertensione arteriosa essenziale (EH), il valore di IR renale che meglio predica l’esistenza di un…

Aortic valve stenosis: Treatments options in elderly high-risk patients

2016

Not available